Download or read book Myelinated Fibers and Saltatory Conduction in the Shrimp written by Ke Xu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-20 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1961, neurobiologists found that the conduction velocity of the nerve impulse in the giant nerve fiber of the Penaeus shrimp abdominal nerve cord was over 200 m/s, the highest speed of information transmission ever observed in the animal kingdom. The peculiar myelin sheath with its unique nodal structure and the electrical properties of the nerve fibers of the shrimp have continued to be investigated for a quarter of century and are now fully described in this book. The investigation dispels the commonly held belief that the fastest recorded impulse conduction is about 120 m/s in the thickest vertebrate myelinated nerve fibers. In the shrimp, researchers found a completely novel type of functional node in the giant fiber which they designated as the fenestration node. In portions of the myelinated fiber, the fenestration node furnished the sites of excitation. Also discovered was a new strategy for increasing impulse conduction in the shrimp. The book includes a section on the formation of the fenestration node and the discovery of a strategy that allows the shrimp to escape its predators by an action of the fastest velocity. The data presented in this volume on the myelin sheath of invertebrates present a new direction for this field and a rich source of information for neurobiologists worldwide.
Download or read book Taber s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary written by Clarence Wilbur Taber and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 2526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains 55,000 alphabetically arranged entries that provide definitions of terms and phrases related to health science.
Download or read book Functional Ultrastructure written by Margit Pavelka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-16 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The period between 1950 and 1980 were the golden unique insights into how pathological processes affect years of transmission electron microscopy and produced cell organization. a plethora of new information on the structure of cells This information is vital to current work in which that was coupled to and followed by biochemical and the emphasis is on integrating approaches from functional studies. TEM was king and each micrograph proteomics, molecular biology, genetics, genomics, of a new object produced new information that led to molecular imaging and physiology and pathology to novel insights on cell and tissue organization and their understand cell functions and derangements in disease. functions. The quality of data represented by the images In this current era, there is a growing tendency to of cell and tissues had been perfected to a very high level substitut e modern light microscopic techniques for by the great microscopists of that era including Palade, electron microscopy, because it is less technically Porter, Fawcett, Sjostrand, Rhodin and many others. At demanding and is more readily available to researchers- present, the images that we see in leading journals for This atlas reminds us that the information obtained by the most part do not reach the same technical level and electron microscopy is invaluable and has no substitute.
Download or read book Myelin written by Russell E. Martenson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-02-06 with total page 1006 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Myelin: Biology and Chemistry provides in-depth reviews and discussions regarding recent findings in the biology and chemistry of myelin. Topics are interdisciplinary and carry readers from the cellular level to that of the gene. Research in demyelinating diseases (naturally occurring and experimentally produced) is described and emphasizes autoimmune and virally induced mechanisms. Advances in molecular biology, such as those that provide details of the structures of the major myelin proteins, demonstrate the control of their synthesis, and explore the mutations within their genes that disrupt the process of myelination, are discussed in depth. Myelin: Biology and Chemistry will be an important addition to the libraries of molecular biologists, biochemists, cell biologists, physical chemists, immunologists, virologists, and pathologists involved in the study of myelin.
Download or read book Myelination and Demyelination written by Seung U. Kim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In June 1987, neurobiologists, immunologists, molecular biologists, virologists and neurologists from several countries met in Vancouver to discuss recent advances of relevance to multiple sclerosis. The symposium was a part of the 22nd Canadian Congress of Neurological Sciences meeting and was sponsored by funds from the Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada and the Medical Research Council of Canada. The presentations covered five major topics: basic neurobiology, molecular biology, the role of viruses in demyelination, immune function and dysfunction in multiple sclerosis, and clinical magnetic resonance imaging studies. It was heartening to note that scientists from several different disciplines were working towards a common end-point: the understanding and treatment of multiple sclerosis. In this book, speakers at the symposium have each presented a chapter of their findings and discussions. In addition, some non-participants at the symposium have been invited to submit chapters in order to give this volume a more complete scope. It is hoped that the reader will find this book a useful reference for several subjects of interest to multiple sclerosis. In closing, I would like to thank the following for their help and support: the Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada and the Medical Research Council of Canada for their financial support; the contributors of this book for their manuscripts; Dr. A. Eisen, Mrs. K. Eisen, Mrs. P. Bodnarchuk and Mrs. M. Kim for their efforts in planning and organizing the symposium; and Ms. Catherine Schikowski for her secretarial assistance. Seung U. Kim, M.D. Ph.D.
Download or read book Cell Biology and Pathology of Myelin written by Bernhard H.J. Juurlink and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the Fourth International Altschul Symposium held at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, June 27-29, 1996
Download or read book Netter s Atlas of Neuroscience written by David L. Felten and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ideal for students of neuroscience and neuroanatomy, the new edition of Netter's Atlas of Neuroscience combines the didactic well-loved illustrations of Dr. Frank Netter with succinct text and clinical points, providing a highly visual, clinically oriented guide to the most important topics in this subject. The logically organized content presents neuroscience from three perspectives: an overview of the nervous system, regional neuroscience, and systemic neuroscience, enabling you to review complex neural structures and systems from different contexts. You may also be interested in: A companion set of flash cards, Netter's Neuroscience Flash Cards, 3rd Edition, to which the textbook is cross-referenced. Coverage of both regional and systemic neurosciences allows you to learn structure and function in different and important contexts. Combines the precision and beauty of Netter and Netter-style illustrations to highlight key neuroanatomical concepts and clinical correlations. Reflects the current understanding of the neural components and supportive tissue, regions, and systems of the brain, spinal cord, and periphery. Uniquely informative drawings provide a quick and memorable overview of anatomy, function, and clinical relevance. Succinct and useful format utilizes tables and short text to offer easily accessible "at-a-glance" information. Provides an overview of the basic features of the spinal cord, brain, and peripheral nervous system, the vasculature, meninges and cerebrospinal fluid, and basic development. Integrates the peripheral and central aspects of the nervous system. Bridges neuroanatomy and neurology through the use of correlative radiographs. Highlights cross-sectional brain stem anatomy and side-by-side comparisons of horizontal sections, CTs and MRIs. Features video of radiograph sequences and 3D reconstructions to enhance your understanding of the nervous system. Student Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience includes access -- on a variety of devices -- to the complete text, 14 videos, and images from the book. Expanded coverage of cellular and molecular neuroscience provides essential guidance on signaling, transcription factors, stem cells, evoked potentials, neuronal and glial function, and a number of molecular breakthroughs for a better understanding of normal and pathologic conditions of the nervous system. Micrographs, radiologic imaging, and stained cross sections supplement illustrations for a comprehensive visual understanding. Increased clinical points -- from sleep disorders and inflammation in the CNS to the biology of seizures and the mechanisms of Alzheimer's -- offer concise insights that bridge basic neuroscience and clinical application.
Download or read book Myelination and Demyelination written by Jarma Palo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A satellite symposium entitled "Myelination and Demyelination: Recent Chemical Advances" was held in Helsinki from August 29 to 31, 1977, after the Sixth International Meeting of the International Society for Neurochemistry (ISN) in Copenhagen. Myelin is a nervous tissue structure that is most suitable as a subject of biochemical investigation. It is easy to isolate in a highly purified form, is rather stable even after death, and is af fected by a variety of neurological and other diseases. Its lesions are particularly important in the study of multiple sclerosis, a disease which is relatively prevalent in Finland and has therefore been of interest to a great many Finnish scientists. The first half of this book is concerned with the biochemical composition and molecular organization of myelin, the second half with the experimental and clinical aspects of demyelination. The comments given after each of the presentations at the symposium were not recorded as such, but each author was requested to modify his or her paper accordingly. The editing and publication of this book would not have been possible without the excellent efforts and co-operation of my wife, Mrs. L.-M. Palo, acting as general secretary and later as editorial secretary of the symposium. As Organizing Committee Chairman, I would also like to thank the members of the Committee: Dr. M. Haltia, Dr. E. Kivalo, Dr. T. Kosunen, Dr. M. Panelius, and especially Dr.
Download or read book Multiple Sclerosis As A Neuronal Disease written by Stephen Waxman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-05-27 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the role of neurons in multiple sclerosis (MS) and the changes that occur in neurons as a result of MS. It places MS in a new and important perspective that not only explains the basis for symptom production, remission, and progress in MS, but also promises to open up new therapeutic possibilities. * Brings together the latest information from clinical, pathological, imaging, molecular, and pharmacological realms to explore the neurobiology of Multiple Sclerosis * Places MS in a new and important perspective that promises to open up new therapeutic avenues * Superbly illustrated and referenced
Download or read book Myelin written by Kazunori Sango and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-23 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest exciting advances in understanding of the structure and function of myelin in the central and peripheral nervous systems under normal and pathological conditions. Readers will find state of the art information from the perspectives of both basic neuroscience and clinical neurology and neuropathology. Detailed attention is paid to the findings and implications of recent research on the myelin-forming glial cells such as oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. The discussion of myelin pathology encompasses a wide range of diseases and conditions, including, for example, multiple sclerosis, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries, brain tumors of glial cell origin, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, immune-mediated neuropathy, and diabetic neuropathy. The authors comprise researchers at the cutting edge of biotechnology and experts in the diseases discussed. The clearly written text is supported by numerous high-quality light and electron microscopy, CT, and MR images.
Download or read book Myelin written by Pierre Morell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The division of the mature mammalian brain and spinal cord into regions of "white" matter and "gray" matter is observable upon the most cursory inspection. Microscopic examination indicates that the "white" matter regions are characterized by a multilamellar sheath (myelin) which sur rounds the axons. A morphologically similar myelin imparts the white color to tracts of the peripheral nervous system, although, as is empha sized throughout the book, there are very significant morphological and chemical differences between central and peripheral myelin. The rapid postnatal accumulation of myelin is temporally associated with increasing functional capacity and presumably indicates some important role related to neuronal activity. The ability of myelinated axons to conduct electrical impulses much more rapidly and with much lower use of energy, relative to unmyelinated axons, is now generally accepted. As is evident from the above capsule description, a considerable body of information concerning myelin is available. However, as in other areas of research the unknown expands before us more rapidly than we are able to add to our core of knowledge. This is a corollary of the axiom that a good experiment raises more questions than it answers. Among the areas currendy under investigation in many laboratories are the following: interaction of myelin-forming cells with neurons, assembly and metabo lism of myelin, molecular architecture of myelin, and the details of the functional role of myelin.
Download or read book A Multidisciplinary Approach to Myelin Diseases written by G. Crescenzi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book is based on the papers presented during an inter disciplinary meeting which was held in Rome October 27-30, 1986, at the Istituto Superiore di Sanita under the sponsorship of NATO, and with a financial contribution of the Cassa di Risparmio di Roma. The meeting was of great interest because, for the first time, a group of highly qualified scientists specializing in different fields were gathered together to discuss the problem of demyelinating diseases. In thi. context molecular biologists, immunologists, virologists, and lipid chemists could discuss with clinicians for four days every aspect of demyelinating diseases. They shared results of the more recent research with the hope that more knowledge of the myelinating process will eventually succeed in finding new treatments for these diseases. The meeting was successful, perhaps in part because discussions during lunches and dinners provided an opportunity for the exchange of new ideas. This was apparent in the discussions held after the presen tation of each paper and was summarized in the very lively round table which was held on the last day. The editor wishes to express his thanks to the scientific committee members: N. Baumann, C. Fieschi, G. Macchi, J.M. Matthieu, K. Suzuki. It was their advice that made the choice of participants and subjects so successful. The organizer also acknowledge the organizing support of NATO in preparing these proceedings. Acknowledgments have to be offered to Dr. S. Salvati, Dr. A.M.
Download or read book The Node of Ranvier written by Joy Zagoren and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Node of Ranvier is a collection of studies about the function, morphology, and development of the node of Ranvier from experts of different disciplines. The book covers topics such as the evolution of the structure and structure and function of the nodes of Ranvier; membrane specialization at the nodes of Ranvier; and catch-binding. Also included in the book are studies about the structural and functional relationships of ion conduction in the myelinated and demyelinated axon; functional organization of potassium channels in axons; the effects of pathological conditions and toxins on nodes of Ranvier; and nodelike membranes at extranodal sites. Physiologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, cell biologists, neurologists, and neuropathologists who would like to find out more and make a study about the node of Ranvier will find the text helpful and relevant.
Download or read book Physiology of Myelin Forming Cells from Myelination to Neural Modulators written by Mauricio Antonio Retamal and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-16 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Myelination and Dysmyelination written by I. D. Duncan and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Myelin Repair and Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis written by Ian D. Duncan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Myelin Repair and Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis presents an up-date on the translational potential of promoting remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS). A number of research frontiers still exist in this challenging disease. The cause remains elusive, preventing breakthroughs in its prevention. The move towards oral immunomodulatory therapies has been a major advance, as has the finding of new genes linked to susceptibility that may open the door to new therapeutic approaches. However, a frontier that has been making significant strides in recent years has been that surrounding the neurobiology of myelin regeneration and axon protection: such have been the advances that clinical translation is on the cusp of being achieved. Two broad approaches to therapeutic enhancement of remyelination are envisaged: promoting endogenous remyelination by targeting cells present in the CNS, or, replacing lost myelinating cells from exogenous sources. Current research on oligodendrocyte biology, the pathology of MS, imaging of lesions and the biology of remyelination are paving the way toward opening this new translational frontier. Professor Duncan and Professor Franklin have assembled a broad group of experts in the fields of glial cell biology, neuropathology, radiology and clinical neurology to provide the background toward taking remyelination from experimented models into MS patients.
