Download or read book Multiscale Pore Network Modeling of Carbonate Acidization written by Joseph Frederic Tansey and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Matrix acidization is important in many applications, particularly near-wellbore stimulation in carbonate reservoirs. Ideally, injected acid creates an array of highly conductive channels that greatly enhance permeability. A pore network model of matrix acidization is developed to predict this optimal injection rate, using novel representations of pore-scale physics in the form of a mass transfer coefficient and pore-merging criterion. Results are presented for both computer generated sphere packs and networks extracted from CT scans of carbonates. Simulations return an optimal Damköhler number close to experimental optimums, but predict significantly higher pore volumes to breakthrough than most experiments. This is posited to be due to the small domain size of network models.Mortar coupling is employed as a domain decomposition technique, and is verified to accurately capture the unique physics of matrix acidization. Many networks are coupled together to extend the simulated domain size in a parallel computing environment. A hybrid modeling technique is used to simplify large-scale simulations with the inclusion of Darcy-scale grid blocks in nonreactive regions. This is shown to preserve a high degree of simulation accuracy while improving computation time substantially. A two-scale continuum model is developed for integration with the hybrid technique. A pore network model is used to develop and upscale mass transfer coefficients, porosity-permeability relationship, and other structure-property relations. The resultant two-scale continuum model is shown to preserve a high degree of accuracy at high injection rates, but falls short of capturing intermediate dissolution regimes due to insufficient description of pore-scale species channeling. Simulations on larger domain sizes show reduced pore volumes to breakthrough. Radial domains are also investigated and show the characteristic dissolution regimes, lending support to common field-scale acidizing practice. Two-scale continuum models are concluded to be accurate representations of pore scale physics that can be used efficiently at larger scales. However, pore-scale modeling is still necessary to calibrate input parameters for the two-scale continuum model without resorting to destructive acidization experiments.

Download or read book Pore Network Modeling of Carbonate Acidization written by Joseph Frederic Tansey and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over half of the world's hydrocarbon reserves are found in carbonates. Acid injection is a cost effective way to enhance productivity in carbonates by reducing the near-wellbore skin. Ideally, injected acid creates highly permeable channels around the wellbore, known as wormholes. The successful formation of these wormholes depends on acid type, injection rate, and reservoir properties. Improper treatment design results in sub-optimal acid placement with negligible permeability increase. Previous attempts to accurately capture the wormholing process using a pore-scale network model have encountered many difficulties. We present a modern pore network model of carbonate acidization using networks extracted from CT scans of carbonate cores. A mass transfer coefficient and pore merging criterion are developed using finite element simulations in COMSOL that both greatly improve network physics. While there are many weaknesses to the pore network modeling approach, the optimal Damkohler number for our networks closely matches experimental data.

Download or read book Multiphase flow behavior in complex and critical environments written by Zhiyuan Wang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-12-29 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pore Network Extraction and Pore Network Modeling written by Masakazu Gesho and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new pore network extraction scheme is presented that uses geometrical, topological, and mineralogical features of natural porous media to construct digital, faithful representations of the pore space. This newly-developed methodology allows users to construct disordered three-dimensional pore network systems that can be used to model physically-based displacement mechanisms at the pore scale in natural porous media. This work has three main components: (1) digital image analysis, (2) equivalent pore network extraction, and (3) pore network modeling of single- and two-phase flow processes. The pore network extraction approach reads as input high-resolution images of pore space in a given porous medium. It uses advanced image processing techniques to identify and quantify important features such as global heterogeneity and local anisotropy to construct representative digital replicates of the medium in three dimensions. To this end, an automated computational method is introduced to replace subjective manual image analyses thereby mitigating uncertainty. Modern computational algorithms are incorporated to optimize data management. This allows us to scale-up the implemented algorithms to construct large, core-scale pore networks. These are digital porous media with dimensions identical to those of the rock samples used in physical flow experiments. The extracted pore networks are subsequently used to model immiscible two-phase flow in different sandstone and carbonate rock samples and to predict relative permeabilities and residual saturation. To handle the numerical analysis with this level of computational complexity effectively, we employ: (1) customized data structures for optimal data management, (2) network analysis for optimal multidimensional graph analysis, (3) high-performance computing techniques for maximizing the cache efficiency, and (4) data analytics and Big Data analogies to address simulation bottlenecks by strategically collecting, sorting, and mapping information.

Download or read book Chemical Methods written by Abdolhossein Hemmati-Sarapardeh and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical Methods, a new release in the Enhanced Oil Recovery series, helps engineers focus on the latest developments in one fast-growing area. Different techniques are described in addition to the latest technologies in data mining and hybrid processes. Beginning with an introduction to chemical concepts and polymer flooding, the book then focuses on more complex content, guiding readers into newer topics involving smart water injection and ionic liquids for EOR. Supported field case studies illustrate a bridge between research and practical application, thus making the book useful for academics and practicing engineers. This series delivers a multi-volume approach that addresses the latest research on various types of EOR. Supported by a full spectrum of contributors, this book gives petroleum engineers and researchers the latest developments and field applications to drive innovation for the future of energy. Presents the latest research and practical applications specific to chemical enhanced oil recovery methods Helps users understand new research on available technology, including chemical flooding specific to unconventional reservoirs and hybrid chemical options Includes additional methods, such as data mining applications and economic and environmental considerations

Download or read book Reactive Flow in Vuggy Carbonates written by Omer Izgec and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonates invariably have small (micron) to large (centimeter) scale heterogeneities in flow properties that may cause the effects of injected acids to differ greatly from what is predicted by a model based on a homogenous formation. To the best of our knowledge, there are neither theoretical nor experimental studies on the effect of large scale heterogeneities (vugs) on matrix acidizing. The abundance of carbonate reservoirs (60% of the world?s oil reserves) and the lack of a detailed study on the effect of multi-scale heterogeneities in carbonate acidizing are the main motivations behind this study. In this work, we first present a methodology to characterize the carbonate cores prior to the core-flood acidizing experiments. Our approach consists of characterization of the fine-scale (millimeter) heterogeneities using computerized tomography (CT) and geostatistics, and the larger-scale (millimeter to centimeter) heterogeneities using connected component labeling algorithm and numerical simulation. In order to understand the connectivity of vugs and thus their contribution to flow, a well-known 2D visualization algorithm, connected component labeling (CCL), was implemented in 3D domain. Another tool used in this study to understand the connectivity of the vugs and its effect on fluid flow is numerical simulation. A 3D finite difference numerical model is developed based on Darcy-Brinkman formulation (DBF). Using the developed simulator a flow-based inversion approach is implemented to understand the connectivity of the vugs in the samples studied. After multi-scale characterization of the cores, acid core-flood experiments are conducted. Cores measuring four inches in diameter by twenty inches in length are used to decrease the geometry effects on the wormhole path. The post acid injection porosity distribution and wormhole paths are visualized after the experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that acid follows not only the high permeability paths but also the spatially correlated ones. While the connectivity between the vugs, total amount of vuggy pore space and size of the cores are the predominant factors, spatial correlation of the petro-physical properties has less pronounced effect on wormhole propagation in acidiziation of carbonates. The fact that acid channeled through the vugular cores, following the path of the vug system, was underlined with computerized tomography scans of the cores before and after acid injection. This observation proposes that local pressure drops created by vugs are more dominant in determining the wormhole flow path than the chemical reactions occurring at the pore level. Following this idea, we present a modeling study in order to understand flow in porous media in the presence of vugs. Use of coupled Darcy and Stokes flow principles, known as Darcy-Brinkman formulation (DBF), underpins the proposed approach. Several synthetic simulation scenarios are created to study the effect of vugs on flow and transport. The results demonstrate that total injection volume to breakthrough is affected by spatial distribution, amount and connectivity of vuggy pore space. An interesting finding is that although the presence and amount of vugs does not change the effective permeability of the formation, it could highly effect fluid diversion. We think this is a very important observation for designing of multi layer stimulation.

Download or read book Wormhole modeling in carbonate acidizing written by Tianping Huang and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Pore Structure of Indiana Limestone and Pink Dolomite for the Modeling of Carbon Dioxide in Geologic Carbonate Rock Formations written by Marina Freire-Gormaly and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pore scale Simulation of Mixing induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation and Dissolution in a Microfluidic Pore Network written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Numerical Modeling of Matrix Acidizing in Carbonate and Sandstone Reservoirs written by Wan Wei and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Matrix acidizing is a stimulation technique to improve productivity/injectivity in the near-wellbore region in carbonate and sandstone reservoirs. Carbonate reservoir is heterogeneous in mineralogy, primary porosity, and secondary porosity such as fractures. Optimally through acidizing treatment, wormholes are generated in carbonate reservoirs to improve the permeability and bypass the damaged zone. A two-scale continuum model is implemented in a radial coordinate system to simulate acidizing process in the near-wellbore geometry. The model is extended from single-phase to two-phase by considering mobility change due to water-oil displacement and defining a new criterion for acidizing breakthrough applicable to two-phase flow. The requirement of acid consumption is lower with the existence of oil prior to acidizing treatment. This indicates that for field treatment, maintaining a higher oil saturation can enhance acidizing efficiency. To consider varying mineral compositions in carbonates, the acidizing model is implemented in the UTCOMP-IPhreeqc coupled software to model homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions among acid and minerals. Different acid pore volumes are predicted for limestone, dolostone, and partially dolomitized formation due to the difference in reaction rate and dissolution structures generated. To consider fracture effect in carbonates, the acidizing model in UTCOMP-IPhreeqc is extended to consider reactions on the fracture surface with the aid of EDFM (Embedded Discrete Fracture Model). The fracture with a high conductivity will receive most acid and slow down the wormhole propagation in the matrix. To improve computational efficiency, the acidizing model is also implemented in the semi-parallel version of UTCOMP-IPhreeqc, with the parallelized geochemical calculation. Besides, speedup techniques through defining a tolerance on the relative amount change of geochemical elements to reduce IPhreeqc calls are also applied. Parallel computing saves up to 85% of the total computational time when using 16 processors. And speedup techniques obtain about 50% improvement for the wormhole pattern. The acidizing model in UTCOMP-IPhreeqc is also extended to simulate acidizing process in sandstone reservoirs through modifying IPhreeqc database to include primary and secondary reactions. A largest possible injection rate is recommended to achieve best performance mitigating formation damage caused by precipitation

Download or read book Petroleum Production Systems written by A. Daniel Hill and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2012-09-23 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Definitive Guide to Petroleum Production Systems–Now Fully Updated With the Industry’s Most Valuable New Techniques Petroleum Production Systems, Second Edition, is the comprehensive source for clear and fundamental methods for about modern petroleum production engineering practice. Written by four leading experts, it thoroughly introduces modern principles of petroleum production systems design and operation, fully considering the combined behavior of reservoirs, surface equipment, pipeline systems, and storage facilities. Long considered the definitive text for production engineers, this edition adds extensive new coverage of hydraulic fracturing, with emphasis on well productivity optimization. It presents new chapters on horizontal wells and well performance evaluation, including production data analysis and sand management. This edition features A structured approach spanning classical production engineering, well testing, production logging, artificial lift, and matrix and hydraulic fracture stimulation Revisions throughout to reflect recent innovations and extensive feedback from both students and colleagues Detailed coverage of modern best practices and their rationales Unconventional oil and gas well design Many new examples and problems Detailed data sets for three characteristic reservoir types: an undersaturated oil reservoir, a saturated oil reservoir, and a gas reservoir

Download or read book Carbonate Reservoir Characterization written by F. Jerry Lucia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-30 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: F. Jerry Lucia, working in America’s main oil-rich state, has produced a work that goes after one of the holy grails of oil prospecting. One main target in petroleum recovery is the description of the three-dimensional distribution of petrophysical properties on the interwell scale in carbonate reservoirs. Doing so would improve performance predictions by means of fluid-flow computer simulations. Lucia’s book focuses on the improvement of geological, petrophysical, and geostatistical methods, describes the basic petrophysical properties, important geology parameters, and rock fabrics from cores, and discusses their spatial distribution. A closing chapter deals with reservoir models as an input into flow simulators.

Download or read book 1989 Core Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pore Scale Geochemical Processes written by Carl Steefel and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-09-25 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This RiMG (Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry) volume includes contributions that review experimental, characterization, and modeling advances in our understanding of pore-scale geochemical processes. The volume had its origins in a special theme session at the 2015 Goldschmidt Conference in Prague. From a diversity of pore-scale topics that ranged from multi-scale characterization to modeling, this work summarizes the state-of-the-science in this subject. Topics include: modification of thermodynamics and kinetics in small pores. chemo-mechanical processes and how they affect porosity evolution in geological media. small angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques. how isotopic gradients across fluid–mineral boundaries can develop and how these provide insight into pore-scale processes. Information on an important class of models referred to as "pore network" and much more. The material in this book is accessible for graduate students, researchers, and professionals in the earth, material, environmental, hydrological, and biological sciences. The pore scale is readily recognizable to geochemists, and yet in the past it has not received a great deal of attention as a distinct scale or environment that is associated with its own set of questions and challenges. Is the pore scale merely an environment in which smaller scale (molecular) processes aggregate, or are there emergent phenomena unique to this scale? Is it simply a finer-grained version of the "continuum" scale that is addressed in larger-scale models and interpretations? The scale is important because it accounts for the pore architecture within which such diverse processes as multi-mineral reaction networks, microbial community interaction, and transport play out, giving rise to new geochemical behavior that might not be understood or predicted by considering smaller or larger scales alone.

Download or read book Geochemical Self organization written by Peter J. Ortoleva and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph offers an interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of geological systems which become spatially organized through the mediation of chemical processes. The treatment is based on a mathematical approach. The intended readership includes researchers and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in all branches of geology as well as scientists and mathematicians concerned with nonlinear dynamics, numerical analysis, self-organization, nonlinear waves and dynamics, and phase transition phenomena. The work could also serve as a basis for a special topics course in mathematics, chemistry or physics.

Download or read book Reactive Transport in Porous Media written by Peter C. Lichtner and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 34 of Reviews in Mineralogy focuses on methods to describe the extent and consequences of reactive flow and transport in natural subsurface systems. Since the field of reactive transport within the Earth Sciences is a highly multidisciplinary area of research, including geochemistry, geology, physics, chemistry, hydrology, and engineering, this book is an attempt to some extent bridge the gap between these different disciplines. This volume contains the contributions presented at a short course held in Golden, Colorado, October 25-27, 1996 in conjunction with the Mineralogical Society of America's (MSA) Annual Meeting with the Geological Society of America in Denver, Colorado.

Download or read book Core Analysis written by Colin McPhee and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-12-10 with total page 853 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Core Analysis: A Best Practice Guide is a practical guide to the design of core analysis programs. Written to address the need for an updated set of recommended practices covering special core analysis and geomechanics tests, the book also provides unique insights into data quality control diagnosis and data utilization in reservoir models. The book's best practices and procedures benefit petrophysicists, geoscientists, reservoir engineers, and production engineers, who will find useful information on core data in reservoir static and dynamic models. It provides a solid understanding of the core analysis procedures and methods used by commercial laboratories, the details of lab data reporting required to create quality control tests, and the diagnostic plots and protocols that can be used to identify suspect or erroneous data. Provides a practical overview of core analysis, from coring at the well site to laboratory data acquisition and interpretation Defines current best practice in core analysis preparation and test procedures, and the diagnostic tools used to quality control core data Provides essential information on design of core analysis programs and to judge the quality and reliability of core analysis data ultimately used in reservoir evaluation Of specific interest to those working in core analysis, porosity, relative permeability, and geomechanics