Download or read book Low Radiation Damage Multilayer Coatings for the Soft X Ray Region written by W. R. Hunter and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highly reflecting multilayer coatings (MLC), used to form resonant cavities for some x-ray lasers(l) in which double- and triple-pass amplification occurs, can be destroyed by strong electric fields generated at the multilayer boundaries by intense soft x-ray radiation, rather than plasma debris from which the coatings are shielded. Any multilayer coating used in high field strength applications, FEL, x-ray projection lithography, etc., are subject to such damage. Electric field strengths can be reduced at the boundaries in MLCs by altering slightly the layer thicknesses of the final, or topmost, layers. Calculations are presented showing reduced field strengths caused by altering final layer thicknesses. The optical constants used in the calculations were obtained from Henke et al(2) and Palik(3) so similar computations may vary depending on the actual n, k values used but the basic concepts discussed herein are independent of the optical constants.

Download or read book Multilayer Optics for Advanced X ray Applications written by Natale M. Ceglio and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Deposition and characterization of multilayer X ray reflection coatings written by Marcel Peter Bruijn and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Optimization Algorithms written by Ozgur Baskan and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-09-21 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers state-of-the-art optimization methods and their applications in wide range especially for researchers and practitioners who wish to improve their knowledge in this field. It consists of 13 chapters divided into two parts: (I) Engineering applications, which presents some new applications of different methods, and (II) Applications in various areas, where recent contributions of state-of-the-art optimization methods to diverse fields are presented.

Download or read book Soft X ray Optics written by Eberhard Spiller and published by SPIE Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text describes optics mainly in the 10 to 500 angstrom wavelength region. These wavelengths are 50 to 100 times shorter than those for visible light and 50 to 100 times longer than the wavelengths of medical x rays or x-ray diffraction from natural crystals. There have been substantial advances during the last 20 years, which one can see as an extension of optical technology to shorter wavelengths or as an extension of x-ray diffraction to longer wavelengths. Artificial diffracting structures like zone plates and multilayer mirrors are replacing the natural crystals of x-ray diffraction. Some of these structures can now be fabricated to have diffraction-limited resolution. The new possibilities are described in a simple, tutorial way.

Download or read book Multilayer X ray Coatings written by Eric Johannes Puik and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Grazing Incidence and Multilayer X ray Optical Systems written by Richard B. Hoover and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1997 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of X ray and Gamma ray Astrophysics written by Cosimo Bambi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 5912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modern Developments in X Ray and Neutron Optics written by Alexei Erko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-14 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes modern developments in reflective, refractive and diffractive optics for short wavelength radiation. It also covers recent theoretical approaches to modelling and ray-tracing the x-ray and neutron optical systems. It is based on the joint research activities of specialists in x-ray and neutron optics, working together under the framework of the European Programme for Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST, Action P7) in the period 2002-2006.

Download or read book Multilayer and Grazing Incidence X ray EUV Optics written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book X ray Multilayers for Diffractometers Monochromators and Spectrometers written by Finn E. Christensen and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nanoscale Photonic Imaging written by Tim Salditt and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-09 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book, edited and authored by a team of world-leading researchers, provides a broad overview of advanced photonic methods for nanoscale visualization, as well as describing a range of fascinating in-depth studies. Introductory chapters cover the most relevant physics and basic methods that young researchers need to master in order to work effectively in the field of nanoscale photonic imaging, from physical first principles, to instrumentation, to mathematical foundations of imaging and data analysis. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how these cutting edge methods are applied to a variety of systems, including complex fluids and biomolecular systems, for visualizing their structure and dynamics, in space and on timescales extending over many orders of magnitude down to the femtosecond range. Progress in nanoscale photonic imaging in Göttingen has been the sum total of more than a decade of work by a wide range of scientists and mathematicians across disciplines, working together in a vibrant collaboration of a kind rarely matched. This volume presents the highlights of their research achievements and serves as a record of the unique and remarkable constellation of contributors, as well as looking ahead at the future prospects in this field. It will serve not only as a useful reference for experienced researchers but also as a valuable point of entry for newcomers.

Download or read book Multilayer and Grazing Incidence X ray EUV Optics written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Surface Coatings Technology written by B. D. Sartwell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-06-03 with total page 981 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface & Coatings Technology, Volume 61 presents the proceeding of the 20th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films, held in San Diego, California, on April 19–23, 1993. This book discusses a variety of topics related to surface and coatings technology, including coatings for use at high temperature, hard coatings, and vapor deposition technology. Organized into 141 chapters, this compilation of papers begins with an overview of the coating requirements for long-life bucket protection, how each of these coating systems has performed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each. This text then discusses the gradient-free transition step achieved in the element analysis of the depth profiles. Other chapters consider the metastable yttrium oxide films that are synthesized using reactive sputter deposition. This book discusses as well the use of appropriate copper-based alloy coatings on structural components. The final chapter deals with the particle mechanical and thermal behavior in the process of high velocity oxy-fuel spraying. This book is a valuable resource for chemical engineers and metallurgists.

Download or read book Reflectivity of Multilayer Coatings for the Soft X ray Region written by E. Cojocaru and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Optical Interference Coatings written by Norbert Kaiser and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to give a concise but complete overview of the field, this book features contributions written by leading experts in the various areas. Topics include design, materials, film growth, deposition including large area, characterization and monitoring, and mechanical stress.

Download or read book Applications of Thin film Multilayered Structures to Figured X ray Optics written by Gerald F. Marshall and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: