Download or read book Mother to child transmission of HIV in Sub Saharan Africa written by Christoph Grube and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-07-04 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2019 in the subject Sociology - Gender Studies, grade: 1,15, LMU Munich (Soziologie), course: Reproductive Justice, language: English, abstract: This paper gives an overview of the mechanisms of mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV in Sub-Saharan countries and discusses why it still is a huge problem. It also shows what social and economic barriers occur when mothers, or to some extend people in general, try to access anti-retroviral treatments (ART). As research has shown, factors like social stigma still play a large role why so many people are not seeking help. Sub-Saharan countries still have an unproportioned part of the global HIV infection compared to the rest of the globe. The most common form of getting infected by HIV is by heterosexual contact, followed by MTCT. Even with the slowly declining numbers of infected people and people with no access to treatments, this still is a big issue that should be tackled and done more research on, especially on the mother to child transmission of HIV. MTCT contributes largely to the number of children affected by HIV by the age of ten and under. The author intents to point out why this should be worked on more and why factors like education and reducing social stigma should be advanced in order to enable a faster decline of vertical transmission numbers. Furthermore, basic mechanisms of MTCT are going to be explained and how it possibly can be prevented in every stage of the pregnancy. Additionally, the author clarifies why social, cultural, and economic factors play such a big role in fighting against HIV. The paper aims to show, how all these factors tie together and what future research could be done in order to reduce the number of people getting affected by HIV, especially infants and young people.
Download or read book Prevention of HIV Mother To Child Transmission in Sub Saharan Africa written by Sidik Abdul-Mumuni and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transmission of HIV infection from an HIV-positive mother to her child during labor, pregnancy, breastfeeding or delivery is termed as mother-to-child HIV transmission (WHO, 2013 report on HIV). A range of 15-45% infection transmissions are possible when no intervention strategies are put into place. Globally, goals and initiatives have been set to combat this issue as well as speeding up the interventions and achieve possible transmission rates of levels less than 5% and total elimination of new infant HIV infections by 2015 (WHO, 2013 report on HIV). In 2011, 57% of pregnant women living with HIV in low and middle-income countries received effective antiretroviral drugs for prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT), a substantial increase from 48% in 2010 (UNAIDS, 2011 data). Despite the availability of many interventions and massive investments to prevent MTCT, this pandemic situation still lingers in Africa. An estimated 390,000 children globally acquired HIV from their mothers in 2010 with over 90% of these new infections occurring in sub-Saharan Africa (UNICEF, 2011 Global HIV/AIDS Response report). This paper summarizes the current observation made after internship with the Office for Policy in Clinical Research Operations that falls under the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) with the National Institute of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, MD. The paper highlights the importance of the current recommendations used for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in Africa is the main focus of this report. The report also reflects on the core competencies of the masters in public health program learnt with the University of San Francisco and its association with the project. Different learning objectives of the project were also addressed in this report. Lastly, the overall quality of the project and the need of such projects for public health were addressed in the report.
Download or read book Report on the Presidential Mission on Children Orphaned by AIDS in Sub Saharan Africa written by Presidential Mission on Children Orphaned by AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Children and AIDS written by Margaret Lombe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The disproportional loss of individuals to HIV/AIDS in their most productive years raises concerns over the welfare of surviving members of affected families and communities. One consequence of the rapid increase in adult mortality is the rise in the proportion of children who are orphaned. Sub-Saharan Africa, accounts for about 90 percent of these. Mainly due to the staggering toll of HIV/AIDS, research effort has focused on treatment and prevention. Children have received attention primarily in relation to 'mother to child transmission' and paediatric AIDS. These issues are important and compelling but fail to capture the whole story - the unprecedented surge in the number of children made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS. In this book we reflect on the plight of children classified as vulnerable, review interventions implemented to improve their welfare and grapple with the concept of vulnerability as it relates to human rights and the African child.
Download or read book Preventing and Mitigating AIDS in Sub Saharan Africa written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-03-28 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AIDS epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa continues to affect all facets of life throughout the subcontinent. Deaths related to AIDS have driven down the life expectancy rate of residents in Zambia, Kenya, and Uganda with far-reaching implications. This book details the current state of the AIDS epidemic in Africa and what is known about the behaviors that contribute to the transmission of the HIV infection. It lays out what research is needed and what is necessary to design more effective prevention programs.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6 written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Download or read book Vertical Transmission of HIV AIDS in Sub Saharan Africa written by Lucy Wanjiru Karanja and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prevention of Mother to child Transmission PMTCT of HIV in the Sub Saharan Africa Region with a Focus on Uganda written by Emily K. Franks and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rise of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the past thirty years, people of all ages, infants to elderly alike, all over the world, suffer from its adverse effects. Even an unborn baby in-utero can contract this virulent infection by means of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) (Sweeney, 2005). Infants and children diseased in this way comprise 90% of the estimated 800,000 new cases of HIV in children seen each year, but the region hit hardest, however, is Sub-Saharan Africa, with the country of Uganda historically having the highest incident rate for a time (Stringer, E.M., et al. 2008). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to learn more about the prevention of MTCT in order to attain a better understanding of what is being done in this arena to impede HIV progression, to discover gaps in HIV/AIDS research and application, and to discern new and appropriate avenues in which a broader spectrum of people could contribute to the prevention of MTCT.
Download or read book Learning session on HIV affected adolescent mothers and their children in sub Saharan Africa written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2020-05-27 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Countdown to Zero written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Global Plan provides the foundation for country-led movement towards the elimination of new HIV infections among children and keeping their mothers alive. The Global Plan was developed through a consultative process by a high level Global Task Team convened by UNAIDS and co-chaired by UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibe and United States Global AIDS Coordinator Ambassador Eric Goosby. It brought together 25 countries and 30 civil society, private sector, networks of people living with HIV and international organizations to chart a roadmap to achieving this goal by 2015."
Download or read book Children and AIDS written by UNICEF. and published by UNICEF. This book was released on 2007 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report assesses some of the most important actions and changes for children affected by AIDS that occurred in the first year of the global campaign 'Unite for Children. Unite against AIDS'. Produced by UNICEF, UNAIDS and WHO, the report notes promising developments, such as increasing numbers of children receiving treatment, declining HIV prevalence among young people resulting from behavioural change, and the integration of children and AIDS into national policy frameworks. However, it also highlights the huge gaps in progress that remain and seeks to explore how the campaign must move forward in 2007 in order to achieve its ambitious goals.
Download or read book The Global AIDS Pandemic and the Prevention of Mother to child Transmission written by Kendra Dye and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aging in Sub Saharan Africa written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-11-10 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In sub-Saharan Africa, older people make up a relatively small fraction of the total population and are supported primarily by family and other kinship networks. They have traditionally been viewed as repositories of information and wisdom, and are critical pillars of the community but as the HIV/AIDS pandemic destroys family systems, the elderly increasingly have to deal with the loss of their own support while absorbing the additional responsibilities of caring for their orphaned grandchildren. Aging in Sub-Saharan Africa explores ways to promote U.S. research interests and to augment the sub-Saharan governments' capacity to address the many challenges posed by population aging. Five major themes are explored in the book such as the need for a basic definition of "older person," the need for national governments to invest more in basic research and the coordination of data collection across countries, and the need for improved dialogue between local researchers and policy makers. This book makes three major recommendations: 1) the development of a research agenda 2) enhancing research opportunity and implementation and 3) the translation of research findings.
Download or read book Handbook of Systems and Complexity in Health written by Joachim P Sturmberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-09 with total page 941 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to health care as a complex adaptive system, a system that feeds back on itself. The first section introduces systems and complexity theory from a science, historical, epistemological, and technical perspective, describing the principles and mathematics. Subsequent sections build on the health applications of systems science theory, from human physiology to medical decision making, population health and health services research. The aim of the book is to introduce and expand on important population health issues from a systems and complexity perspective, highlight current research developments and their implications for health care delivery, consider their ethical implications, and to suggest directions for and potential pitfalls in the future.
Download or read book Consolidated Guideline on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women Living with HIV written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: he starting point for this guideline is the point at which a woman has learnt that she is living with HIV and it therefore covers key issues for providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights-related services and support for women living with HIV. As women living with HIV face unique challenges and human rights violations related to their sexuality and reproduction within their families and communities as well as from the health-care institutions where they seek care particular emphasis is placed on the creation of an enabling environment to support more effective health interventions and better health outcomes. This guideline is meant to help countries to more effectively and efficiently plan develop and monitor programmes and services that promote gender equality and human rights and hence are more acceptable and appropriate for women living with HIV taking into account the national and local epidemiological context. It discusses implementation issues that health interventions and service delivery must address to achieve gender equality and support human rights.
Download or read book Disease and Mortality in Sub Saharan Africa written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current data and trends in morbidity and mortality for the sub-Saharan Region as presented in this new edition reflect the heavy toll that HIV/AIDS has had on health indicators, leading to either a stalling or reversal of the gains made, not just for communicable disorders, but for cancers, as well as mental and neurological disorders.
Download or read book A Call to Action written by Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. and published by UNICEF. This book was released on 2005 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AIDS is threatening children as never before. Millions of them are missing their childhood, medicines, education, information and a host of other essentials due to the disease. Yet they are often overlooked in AIDS programmes, policies and budgets. The Unite for Children. Unite against AIDS Campaign, a global effort by UNICEF, UNAIDS and a multiplicity of other partners, aims to accelerate action to help those at risk of HIV infection, and those already infected and affected by HIV/AIDS. Through four focus areas - prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, providing paediatric treatment, preventing infection among adolescents and young people, and protecting and supporting children affected by AIDS, the Campaign aims to ensure that this is the last generation of children that bears the burden of AIDS.
