Download or read book Morphological and Molecular Identification of Filamentous Microorganisms Associated with Bulking and Foaming Activated Sludge written by Ankia Marleen Wagner and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Microbiology of Activated Sludge written by Robert J. Seviour and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been a long time in preparation. Initially it grew out of our frustrating attempts over the past ten years to identify the filamentous bacteria seen in large numbers in most activated sludge plants, and the realization that we know very little about them and the other microbial populations in these systems. Unfortunately this book does not provide many answers to the problems these filamentous bacteria can cause, but we hope it might encourage microbiologists and engineers to communi cate more with each other and to spend some time trying to understand the tax onomy, ecology and physiology of activated sludge microbes. It is now very timely, for example, to try to provide these filamentous bacteria with proper taxonomically valid names and to determine their correct place in bacterial classifications. This book is not meant to compete directly with the books by Gray (1989, 1990) nor the excellent manual published by Jenkins and coworkers (1993b), which has been invaluable to us and others trying to identify filamentous bacteria. Wanner's book (1994a) also provides an excellent account of the problems of bulking and foaming caused by filamentous bacteria. These publications and others by Eikelboom's group have made an enormous contribution to the study of filamentous bacteria, and will con tinue to do so.
Download or read book Molecular Biological Studies of Filamentous Bacteria Associated with Activated Sludge Bulking and Foaming written by Deborah Anne Bradford and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microbial Ecology of Activated Sludge written by Robert Seviour and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-15 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Ecology of Activated Sludge, written for both microbiologists and engineers, critically reviews our current understanding of the microbiology of activated sludge, the most commonly used process for treating both domestic and industrial wastes. The contributors are all internationally recognized as leading research workers in activated sludge microbiology, and all have made valuable contributions to our present understanding of the process. The book pays particular attention to how the application of molecular methods has changed our perceptions of the identity of the filamentous bacteria causing the operational disorders of bulking and foaming, and the bacteria responsible for nitrification and denitrification and phosphorus accumulation in nutrient removal processes. Special attention is given to how it is now becoming possible to relate the composition of the community of microbes present in activated sludge, and the in situ function of individual populations there, and how such information might be used to manage and control these systems better. Detailed descriptions of some of these molecular methods are provided to allow newcomers to this field of study an opportunity to apply them in their research. Comprehensive descriptions of organisms of interest and importance are also given, together with high quality photos of activated sludge microbes. Activated sludge processes have been used globally for nearly 100 years, and yet we still know very little of how they work. In the past 15 years the advent of molecular culture independent methods of study have provided tools enabling microbiologists to understand which organisms are present in activated sludge, and critically, what they might be doing there. Microbial Ecology of Activated Sludge will be the first book available to deal comprehensively with the very exciting new information from applying these methods, and their impact on how we now view microbiologically mediated processes taking place there. As such it will be essential reading for microbial ecologists, environmental biotechnologists and engineers involved in designing and managing these plants. It will also be suitable for postgraduate students working in this field.
Download or read book Activated Sludge written by Jiri Wanner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-07-22 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The result of over 25 years of research, this book is a concise guide to the microbiological and technical aspects of bulking and foaming control. It stresses practical control measures based on kinetic and metabolic selection theories and supported by case histories. Topics include: biochemical processes in wastewater treatment, evaluation of separation problems, settling and foaming principles, bulking and foaming control methods, and system design. More than 100 tables and figures illustrate complex processes, and over 500 references provide a detailed compendium of available resources. Cross-references provide background of a problem, its connection to similar problems, and their solutions.
Download or read book Application of Molecular Tools to Understand Foaming and Bulking Filamentous Bacteria in Activated Sludge written by Pitiporn Asvapathanagul and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gram positive foaming bacteria were genetically identified using PCR-RLB for the first time in this study. PCR-RLB was able to identify several foaming bacterial genera in one assay using a single set of primer with multiple probes attached on the membrane. Another set of PCR-RLB for Thiothrix spp. was also developed and tested. The change of signal intensity of Gordonia spp. and Thiothrix spp. populations using PCR-RLB were observed before, during and after foaming or bulking event using PCR-RLB, which demonstrates the ability of PCR-RLB to provide an early warning sign of the problematic bacteria occurrence. The growth of G. amarae in a partial nitrifying wastewater treatment plant was inversely correlated with temperature (r = - 0.78), while it was positively correlated with solids retention time (SRT) lagged one week during their occurrence (r = 0.67). The F/M ratio and BODin increased during G. amarae's exponential and linear growth phases. Importantly, once that concentration of G. amarae had reached concentration maxima, lowering SRT did not achieve G. amarae control and elimination. Examining in multifactorial ways indicates that elimination of the foaming event can only be achieved by manipulation of the operation during the early growth phase of G. amarae when it is confined to the mixed liquors. In partially denitrifying plant, high Thiothrix spp. concentrations were observed during period of high dissolved oxygen (DO> 0.15 mg/L) in the anoxic selector (r = 0.39, p
Download or read book Quantifying Activated Sludge Bulking Causative Filamentous Bacteria Using Molecular Methods written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filamentous bulking is a widespread problem in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. In North Carolina, 63% of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) surveyed have experienced bulking. Determining the dominant bulking-causative bacteria and their level of proliferation is a necessary step in bulking control. This study used molecular techniques, i.e. quantitative Fluorescent in situ Hybridization (FISH) and membrane hybridization to identify and quantify the specific filamentous microorganisms and their threshold values for causing bulking in both lab scale reactors and full scale treatment plants. Filament length of a specific filamentous organism, Eikelboom Type 1851, correlated strongly with the sludge volume index (SVI) and was identified to be the major bulking-causative microorganism in lab scale reactors and a full scale activated sludge plant. The full scale plant is a biological nutrient removal (BNR) plant, a common operational mode in North Carolina, suggesting that this organism may be prevalent in North Carolina WWTPs. The threshold value for Eikelboom Type 1851-caused-bulking was determined. This threshold value will allow the monitoring of incremental improvements in control methods and the delineation of the niche of Eikelboom Type 1851 in activated sludge. Furthermore, the lab scale experiments verified the kinetic selection theory and the filamentous backbone theory for Type 1851.
Download or read book Molecular Characterization of Microbial Populations in Full Scale Activated Sludge Plants and Bioaugmentation Sites written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of molecular biology techniques to the study of wastewater treatment and bioaugmentation was demonstrated in three studies. In the first study, full scale activated sludge treatment plants in North Carolina were surveyed to (1) determine the extent of filamentous bulking and foaming, and (2) relate these problems to the microbial community structures in the activated sludge reactors. Oligonucleotide probes targeting the rRNA of the major sublasses of the Proteobacteria, the mycolic acid containing actinomycetes (mycolata) and Sphaerotilus natans were used in quantitative hybridizations with samples from sixteen full scale plants. The survey results showed that 88% and 63% of plants in North Carolina have experienced bulking and foaming, respectively. No statistically significant correlations between the frequency and severity of foaming and the levels of any of the microbial groups were observed. However, several of the plants that had the most severe foaming problems had high levels of mycolata and alpha Proteobacteria. Bulking in the sampled plants is probably not caused by Sphaerotilus natans but by other filaments, or other floc characteristics. The sampling protocol raised questions about possible change between collection and analysis, and a second study was designed to determine optimal storage conditions. Quantitative hybridizations with the same set of probes used in the first study showed that treatment with chloramphenicol proved best in minimizing change over time in wastewater samples. However, storage at room temperature was also a viable storage option. In the third study, molecular methods were used to detect the bacterium Bacillus DA33 in augmented wastewater and soil samples. A probe targeting the 16S rRNA of this organism was designed and characterized for use in quantitative membrane hybridizations. Because a unique target sequence was not available within the 16S rRNA, another probe, this time targeting the 16S-23S intergenic spa.
Download or read book The Causes and Control of Activated Sludge Bulking and Foaming written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microbial Community Analysis written by Thomas E. Cloete and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Community Analysis surveys the vast amount of theoretical and practical knowledge on the design of biological treatment systems. It describes the different types of biological wastewater systems, the role of microbial diversity in these systems, and how this affects design and operation, methods for studying microbial community dynamics, and mathematical modelling of these systems. Contents Biological methods for the treatment of wastewaters Biodiversity and microbial interactions in the biodegradation of organic compounds Microbial population dynamics in biological wastewater treatment plants Molecular techniques for determining microbial community structures in activated sludge Principles in the modelling of biological wastewater treatment plants Practical considerations for the design of biological wastewater treatment systems Scientific and Technical Report No.5
Download or read book Activated Sludge Separation Problems written by Valter Tandoi and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated Sludge Separation Problems: Theory, Control Measures, Practical Experiences, Second Edition, describes the most common activated sludge separation problems and explains the main reasons for the growth of the different filamentous microorganisms in activated sludge. The book summarizes the identification techniques for important groups of activated sludge microorganisms both based on conventional microscopic analysis and using the biological molecular tools available today (FISH and PCR). This new edition, with 70% new and updated material, also provides explanation of basic activated sludge process principles and of parameters necessary for process control and operation. The theory of secondary clarifies is described to the extent necessary for understanding the construction and operation of secondary clarifiers. The activated sludge reactor and secondary clarifies are treated as one system and the interactions are explained. The wide range of experiences around the world is documented and the methods to avoid the proliferation of these organisms are presented and critically reviewed. Activated Sludge Separation Problems consists of six chapters, presenting up-to-date technical and scientific aspects of these processes. The new edition also features an extended list of literature references for further reading. The book will be a valuable help for students of environmental engineering, wastewater specialists, plant operators and designers of activated sludge plants. It is also useful for specialists in wastewater operation laboratories, especially for those studying activated sludge separation properties.
Download or read book Quantifying Activated Sludge Bulking causative Filamentous Bacteria Using Molecular Methods written by Jiangying Liao and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: FISH, Type 1851, filamentous bulking.
Download or read book The Isolation and Characterization of Filamentous Microorganisms from Activated Sludge Bulking written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Manual on the Causes and Control of Activated Sludge Bulking and Foaming Second Edition written by David Jenkins and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-05-03 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual describes methods for diagnosing and rectifying activated sludge solids separation problems, which are one of the most common causes of permit violations in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. The book is written in an easy-to-understand format that will help you resolve real-life problems. Lab techniques, theoretical considerations, design and control methods, and case histories are provided. The clear discussions make it ideal not only for practitioners and consultants, but also for students and professors. Every environmental consulting company, wastewater treatment plant, laboratory, and university should have at least one copy of this hands-on practical manual.
Download or read book Microorganisms in Activated Sludge and Biofilm Processes III written by Valter Tandoi and published by IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc). This book was released on 2002 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The microbial complexity and the functions of the biomass present in activated sludge and biofilm systems were the subject matter of the 3rd Conference on Microorganisms in Activated Sludge and Biofilm Processes. Detailed knowledge of the identity, physiology and ecology of the microorganisms involved is central to any attempts to modify the composition of the biomass and hence optimise its performance. The Conference covered a wide range of topics dealing with the microbiology and microbial processes in activated sludge and biofilms, including sessions on newly identified microorganisms, microbial selection mechanisms and biomass storage processes. Many of these papers reported on the use of new molecular biological tools that directly address the population structure, dynamics and function of microbial communities. Other sessions dealt with work solving problems and improving performance in full-scale treatment plants and industrial wastewater treatment processes. From the extensive programme, a full peer review has selected for these proceedings 88 of the very best papers on the following topics: microbial dynamics; filamentous bacteria; polyphosphate and glycogen accumulating microorganisms; biofilm composition and processes; nitrifiers and denitrifiers; storage processes in biomass; biomass characterization; microbiology and biochemistry; full-scale experiences; foaming; industrial wastes. Together they form an unrivalled summary of work by the world?s leading experts to research the microbiological basis of wastewater treatment and improve the design and operation of biological processes. These proceedings are an essential reference for engineers, chemists, microbiologists and plant operators researching or applying activated sludge or biofilm techniques.
Download or read book Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology written by Duncan Mara and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-08-07 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Access to safe water is a fundamental human need and therefore a basic human right" --Kofi Annan, United Nations Secretary General Edited by two world-renowned scientists in the field, The Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology provides a definitive and comprehensive coverage of water and wastewater microbiology. With contributions from experts from around the world, this book gives a global perspective on the important issues faced in the provision of safe drinking water, the problems of dealing with aquatic pollution and the processes involved in wastewater management. Starting with an introductory chapter of basic microbiological principles, The Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology develops these principles further, ensuring that this is the essential text for process engineers with little microbiological experience and specialist microbiologists alike. Comprehensive selection of reviews dealing with drinking water and aquatic pollution Provides an understading of basic microbiology and how it is applied to engineering process solutions Suitable for all levels of knowledge in microbiology -from those with no background to specialists who require the depth of information
Download or read book Paenibacillus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this thesis was to test the hypothesis that 3bioaugmentation of activated sludge systems with Paenibacillus spp. is responsible for non-filamentous sludge bulking in dairy wastewater treatment plants.4 To test this hypothesis, three complementary experimental studies were undertaken. First, laboratory-scale bioreactors were operated with bioaugmentation of a pure culture of Paenibacillus polymyxa. Reactor process parameters were measured and molecular methods targeting 16S rRNA were used to evaluate the fate of Paenibacillus spp. in the systems. The results of the study confirm the hypothesis for completely stirred tank reactors, but suggest that selective pressure applied using a plug flow configuration is sufficient to eliminate the impact of bioaugmentation and control bulking. Second, a survey of fifteen dairy wastewater treatment plants was conducted to evaluate the extent of Paenibacillus related non-filamentous sludge bulking. Although the results of this study failed to find a wide spread distribution of Paenibacillus spp. throughout the dairy industry, future work should evaluate if Paenibacillus spp. may cause operational problems in other industrial wastewater treatment systems. Third, an attempt was made to isolate Paenibacillus spp from dairy wastewater. Although an assortment of culture-based methods was unsuccessful for identifying a novel strain of Paenibacillus, future work should be performed to isolate a relevant strain of Paenibacillus to be used to determine the mechanism for non-filamentous sludge bulking due to this microorganism. The results of this thesis are significant to the wastewater community because they show that Paenibacillus spp. appear to be responsible for a novel form of non-filamentous sludge bulking in dairy wastewater systems. Furthermore, selection using a plug flow configuration was shown to prevent non-filamentous sludge bulking. In conclusion, the results of this study strongly demonstrate the value of a multi-phased approach to modern environmental biotechnology integrating conventional lab-scale bioprocess engineering with molecular biology-based tools to identify and quantify specific microbial populations.
