Download or read book More Banks Less Crime The Real and Social Effects of Bank Competition written by Mark J. Garmaise and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the link between the competitiveness of the local banking market, urban development, and crime. We provide micro-level evidence that neighborhoods that experienced more bank mergers are subjected to future reduced loan provision, diminished local construction, lower prices and rents, an influx of poorer households, and higher crime in subsequent years. A one standard deviation increase in bank concentration raises homicide and burglary rates by approximately 1 percent. We show that these results are not likely due to reverse causation, and confirm the central findings using state branching deregulation to instrument for bank competition.

Download or read book Bank Mergers and Crime written by Mark J. Garmaise and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Competition in Banking and Finance written by Jacob A. Bikker and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For academics, regulators and policymaker alike, it is crucial to measure financial sector competition by means of reliable, well-established methods. However, this is easier said than done. The goal of this Handbook is to provide a collection of state-of-the-art chapters to address this issue. The book consists of four parts, the first of which discusses the characteristics of various measures of financial sector competition. The second part includes several empirical studies on the level of, and trends in, competition across countries. The third part deals with the spillovers of market power to other sectors and the economy as a whole. Finally, the fourth part considers competition in banking submarkets and subsectors.

Download or read book A Comment on The Effects of Banking Competition on Growth and Financial Stability written by Andrea Calef and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carlson et al. (2022) examine the causal impact of banking competition by investigating a unique circumstance in the National Banking Era of the nineteenth century in the US, where a discontinuity in bank capital requirements occurred. On the one hand, their findings suggest that banks operating in markets with fewer barriers to entry tend to increase their lending activities, promoting real economic growth. On the other hand, banks in less restricted markets also exhibit a higher propensity for risk-taking, posing risks to financial stability. First, we fully reproduce the paper's outcomes apart from a minor discrepancy in the estimate of Table 9 attributed to issues in the provided codes. Second, we test the robustness of the results by (i) changing the ranges used to select the sample of cities included in the analysis, (ii) adopting different options to address outliers' potential issues and (iii) introducing additional control variables. We observe that the estimation results remain mostly consistent when subjecting them to various robustness checks. However, it is worth highlighting that the results can be partially influenced by the criteria used to select the sample of cities and the inclusion of control variables.

Download or read book Bank Competition and Financial Stability written by Mr.Gianni De Nicolo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study versions of a general equilibrium banking model with moral hazard under either constant or increasing returns to scale of the intermediation technology used by banks to screen and/or monitor borrowers. If the intermediation technology exhibits increasing returns to scale, or it is relatively efficient, then perfect competition is optimal and supports the lowest feasible level of bank risk. Conversely, if the intermediation technology exhibits constant returns to scale, or is relatively inefficient, then imperfect competition and intermediate levels of bank risks are optimal. These results are empirically relevant and carry significant implications for financial policy.

Download or read book Prospective Rural Effects of Bank Deregulation written by Stephen W. Hiemstra and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book If Men Were Angels No Government Would be Necessary written by Henry Balani and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The banking sector plays a central role in economic development by providing financial services for a country’s growth and stability. When banks seek to maximize profits, they may engage in non-compliant behavior that negatively impacts market growth and stability. Regulatory oversight is therefore common in this sector. Regulations can lead to improved transparency and reporting, however, can also be a burden due to complexity, increasing costs of compliance with varying impacts on stock valuations of banks. While the intent is to correct behavior for non-compliance, we continue to see ongoing negative banking events post-2000, evidenced by the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) and subprime mortgage crisis, as well as the abuse of the banking system by money launderers, raising the issue that regulations are not effective in changing bank behavior. Essay 1 seeks to examine the effectiveness of regulatory signals by measuring valuation and risk impact based on enforcement actions on banks. I found that overall, bank returns are positively impacted by the announcement of enforcement actions as the fines are less harsh and not as large as expected. When testing bank-specific attributes, I found that larger banks were more negatively impacted by penalties while larger size fines had a positive effect on valuation. There was no significant impact of risk on bank returns on the day of the fine. However, banks that experienced the greatest increase in risk had the higher returns six months after the fine. When testing the impact of the fine on competitor banks, I found that there was no significant impact, suggesting no spillover effect. When testing competitor bank characteristics, I found that the fined banks with higher returns impacted competitor banks positively. Larger competitive banks were more positively impacted, while competitive banks with higher market risks reacted negatively. Similar to the fined banks, competitor banks that experienced the greatest increase in risk had higher returns six months after the fine. Overall, the results indicated that enforcement actions are not effective and do not send a strong signal to the banking industry to correct behavior. Essay 2 attempts to assess the impact of the introduction of the fourth European Union (EU) Anti-Money Laundering Directive (4AMLD) on European banks by examining whether eight milestone dates impacted stock valuation and risk. I found that valuations and risk were positively impacted when a time series analysis was conducted over the milestone event dates. An examination of bank-specific characteristics based on a cross sectional regression revealed that riskier, larger banks have higher returns as a result of the introduction of the 4AMLD. Also, banks with a higher return on assets see more positive returns. However, banks that rely more on non-traditional income streams have lower returns. In EU countries where Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita is higher, banks experience more positive returns than in poorer countries. Similarly, banks in less corrupt countries see more positive returns. Banks in countries with lower levels of governance, where governments are less effective and have less stable political systems and regulatory oversight, experience positive returns as a result of the introduction of the 4AMLD. The results show that with the introduction of the 4AMLD, banks gained greater clarity and guidance related to identifying and reporting on money laundering transactions, allowing banks in countries with lower levels of governance to comply effectively based on the clarity of requirements and the framework of the 4AMLD.

Download or read book Real Effects of Bank Competition written by Nicola Cetorelli and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book 1 the Book That the Financial Establishment Doesn t Want You to Read The First Ever Behind The Curtain Look at How Banks Really Function and Thei written by Robert Sharratt and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-18 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the driving force behind most populist and protest movements? A feeling of INEQUALITY. From Occupy groups to global trade demonstrations, from American middle class angst to yellow vest frustration in France to the Arab Spring, a common feeling unites them that something in the system is unfair. Blue-collar supporters of Bernie Sanders and Donald Trump use remarkably similar language to express a core belief: that the establishment's economic model is rigged against them. The same protest sentiment is expressed globally. Statistically, these movements are correct: inequality is rising in all developed economies around the world. But, what is the common cause? This book shows that the structure of the banking system is the cause of inequality in society. But, it isn't a protest book. It isn't meant to make you feel outraged or to provide an historical account of inequality or a lot of statistics. It is more useful than that. This book demonstrates technically how inequality is caused by the banking system. This is the first book ever that gives a genuine behind-the-curtain look at how banks really function and their impact on society. It reveals that banks create most of the money in an economy, not the state. It shows why inequality and discrimination against out-groups are institutional. It explains the banking mechanism that transfers wealth from the many to the few over time. It shows that, unlike almost all other industries, the banking sector enjoys unparalleled protection by the establishment against competition. This book solves some mysteries, like the following: - Why is fractional reserve banking like a distorted version of the game Monopoly? - Why does the establishment find women's sexual education repugnant? - Why does the economy blow up from time to time? - Why was Karl Marx so pissed off? - What does Professor Sybill Trelawney have in common with the governors of the Federal Reserve? It shows that the 1% derive much of their power from their preferential access to bank-created money. Money and the banking system underlie inequality and discrimination in society; if you want to address these issues, you have to start at the source. In the end, this is not really a book about money and banking; it is more about our values as a society.

Download or read book How Does Bank Competition Affect Systemic Stability written by Deniz Anginer and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Using bank level measures of competition and co-dependence, the authors show a robust positive relationship between bank competition and systemic stability. Whereas much of the extant literature has focused on the relationship between competition and the absolute level of risk of individual banks, they examine the correlation in the risk taking behavior of banks, hence systemic risk. They find that greater competition encourages banks to take on more diversified risks, making the banking system less fragile to shocks. Examining the impact of the institutional This paper is a product of the Finance and Private Sector Development Team, Development Research Group. It is part of a larger effort by the World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://econ.worldbank.org. The author may be contacted at [email protected]. and regulatory environment on systemic stability shows that banking systems are more fragile in countries with weak supervision and private monitoring, with generous deposit insurance and greater government ownership of banks, and public policies that restrict competition. Furthermore, lack of competition has a greater adverse effect on systemic stability in countries with low levels of foreign ownership, weak investor protections, generous safety nets, and where the authorities provide limited guidance for bank asset diversification." - - Abstract.

Download or read book The Problem with Banks written by Lena Rethel and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-05-10 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Banks of all sorts are troubled institutions. The cost of public bail-outs associated with the subprime crisis in the United States alone may be as high as US$5 trillion. What is the problem with banks? Why do they seem to be at the centre of economic and financial turmoil down through the ages? In this provocative and timely book, Rethel and Sinclair seek answers to these questions, arguing that banks suffer from perennial problems, and that developments in the financial markets and government in recent decades have simply exacerbated these issues. The book examines banking activity in America, Asia and Europe, and how specific historical circumstances have transformed banks' behaviour and attitude to risk. While many see government as a constraint on banks, Sinclair and Rethel argue that what governments do in terms of regulation shapes banks and their motivations, as can be seen in the shortcomings of current reform proposals. Instead, more far-reaching, alternative ways of regulating and shaping banks are needed. A concise, essential overview of a pressing global issue.

Download or read book How Does Bank Competition Affect Systemic Stability written by Deniz Anginer and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Using bank level measures of competition and co-dependence, the authors show a robust positive relationship between bank competition and systemic stability. Whereas much of the extant literature has focused on the relationship between competition and the absolute level of risk of individual banks, they examine the correlation in the risk taking behavior of banks, hence systemic risk. They find that greater competition encourages banks to take on more diversified risks, making the banking system less fragile to shocks. Examining the impact of the institutional This paper is a product of the Finance and Private Sector Development Team, Development Research Group. It is part of a larger effort by the World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://econ.worldbank.org. The author may be contacted at [email protected]. and regulatory environment on systemic stability shows that banking systems are more fragile in countries with weak supervision and private monitoring, with generous deposit insurance and greater government ownership of banks, and public policies that restrict competition. Furthermore, lack of competition has a greater adverse effect on systemic stability in countries with low levels of foreign ownership, weak investor protections, generous safety nets, and where the authorities provide limited guidance for bank asset diversification."--- Abstract.

Download or read book The Politics of Banking written by Michael Moran and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bank Competition and Financial Stability written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bank Concentration and Crises written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluating The Social Control Of Banking Crimes written by Erin M. Mulligan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Money laundering is a serious crime with potentially wide ranging consequences that have numerous implications for criminological research. However, criminology rarely explores this crime, nor its potential impact on other more central crimes of interest (e.g. drug trafficking or organized crime). The present study adds to a limited body of literature examining money laundering from a criminological perspective, evaluating aspects of its regulation and social control within the banking industry. Several aspects of regulatory oversight and company dynamics such as fine/settlement size, company size, and the likelihood of non-AML/OFAC violations to predict future AML/OFAC violations were evaluated. These analyses largely supported that banking crimes, and more specifically AML violations, follow the same patterns observed within previous corporate crime research. However, the primary focus of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of industry success rankings as a form of social control as it pertains to AML violations and to determine whether or not banks that ranked well on industry rankings were also less likely to have banking violations. A variety of rankings including safety, asset-based, and overall performance measures were used to assess their relationship to bank violations, with analyses supporting that these banking industry success markers held little relationship to or acknowledgment of a firm's previous AML/OFAC violations. Implications are discussed at length including the importance of and numerous directions for future criminological research on money laundering violation within the banking industry, suggested regulatory reforms, and the need for a wider variety and more tailored industry success measures to affect some level of social control.

Download or read book Geographic Deregulation and Competition in the U S Banking Industry written by H. Semih Yildirim and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the effects of geographic deregulation on state-level competition in U.S. banking markets over the period 1976-2005. The empirical results confirm that the U.S. banks in general operated under monopolistic competition during the period examined. After partitioning the sample based on bank size we find that the market competition for large banks in Delaware, Oregon, and Rhode Island can be characterized as monopolistic while small banks in Arizona and Massachusetts seem to have operated under the conditions of perfect competition. The removal of geographic restrictions appears to have very limited and non-uniform effect on state-level competitive conduct. There is some evidence that the U.S. banking industry might have actually experienced a less competitive behavior in recent years due to increased market power of larger banks.