Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Leaf Morphogenesis written by Tomotsugu Koyama Koyama and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2022-02-08 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leaf morphology is obviously determined in a plant. By contrast, its morphology is often changeable when the plant copes with various environmental changes. To update our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of leaf morphogenesis with robustness and flexibility, this book provides a series of academic papers that cover molecular mechanism of leaf morphogenesis and offers readers' opportunities to find beautiful mechanisms that plants develop.
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Leaf Morphogenesis written by Tomotsugu Koyama and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leaf morphology is obviously determined in a plant. By contrast, its morphology is often changeable when the plant copes with various environmental changes. To update our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of leaf morphogenesis with robustness and flexibility, this book provides a series of academic papers that cover molecular mechanism of leaf morphogenesis and offers readers' opportunities to find beautiful mechanisms that plants develop.
Download or read book Investigation of the Genetic and Molecular Mechanisms Patterning Leaf Morphogenesis written by Daniel Paul Koenig and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leaf shape is one of the most spectacularly diverse morphological features of plants. One of the most common variations in morphology seen amongst leaves is the degree to which the blade is dissected into smaller units. Simple leaves are composed of a single unbroken blade, that may be partially dissected to form lobes or serrations. Compound leaves are further dissected such that distinct blade units are produced termed leaflets. Here, I describe an investigation of the developmental and genetic basis for natural variation in leaf morphology. The first section focuses on the plant phytohormone auxin and the development of compound leaves in tomato. Auxin is found to be an important patterning signal during early leaf development, delineating the initiation of both leaflets and blade. This is accomplished by active transport of auxin by the tomato PIN1 protein to the sites of lateral growth in leaves. The repression of growth between leaflets is accomplished by the activity of the tomato AUX/IAA gene ENTIRE. These results reveal a simple mechanism by which compound leaf patterning can be accomplished. The tomato JAGGED otholog, LYRATE, acts within the context of this auxin model to promote cell division. The second part deals with natural variation in leaf complexity between wild tomato species. Several QTL mapping experiments are presented that identify a large number of genetic loci that control natural variation in leaf complexity. Interesting parallel morphological alterations appear to have utilized a major locus on the long arm of chromosome 6. This work lead to the cloning of one of these QTL, Pts, that is responsible for variation between Galapagean tomato species. PTS is a member of a novel class of KNOX genes which act by influencing the interactions between the canonical KNOX transcription factors and the BEL-like transcription factors. Also described is the identification of the tomato classical mutant bipinnata which encodes one such BEL-like gene, and phenocopies the Pts mutant. Mutations in this pathway might be selected over evolutionary time because they lack pleiotropic effects.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Leaf Development written by Roman Maksymowych and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1973 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Natural Philosophy of Plant Form written by Agnes Arber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1970 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1950, this monograph on the morphology of flowering plants explores the relationship between philosophy and botany.
Download or read book Understanding Leaf Morphogenesis Using Transcriptomics and Auxin Visualization written by Ciera Christen Martinez and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The control of size and shape in plants is intricately linked to the localization of the plant hormone auxin. As reviewed in the first chapter, this body of work explores the intimate relationship between auxin and plant developmental processes, including PIN-FORMED (PIN) directed auxin transport during early leaf morphogenetic events. The second chapter of this dissertation introduces an often overlooked characteristic of leaf shape - bilateral asymmetry. Previously it was assumed that most leaves are bilaterally symmetric, but with the use of elliptical fourier analysis we uncovered asymmetrical properties in the leaves of both Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum (tomato). The most interesting aspect of found asymmetries is that the asymmetric signal correspond to the direction of the phyllotactic spiral. From modelling and auxin visualization using the auxin signalling reporter DR5::Venus we conclude that the inherent asymmetric properties observed in these leaves could be the end result of asymmetric auxin distribution present in the positional niche of a newly initiated leaf primordium. The third chapter introduces a study characterizing a newly identified Sister-Of-PIN (SoPIN1) mutant in S. lycopersicum, entire-2. The PIN family of auxin efflux carriers is the main regulator of auxin transport in plants, yet there are few functional studies on members of this family outside A. thaliana. Through detailed phenotypic characterization of entire-2 we uncover the role of SISoPIN1a in spatial organization during leaf and floral development. We use evidence collected from confocal DR5::Venus visualization to conclude that SlSoPIN1a functions in restricting auxin signalling to the epidermal layer during early leaf and flower organogenesis. In Chapter four we take a transcriptomic approach to uncover the gene expression changes which define leaf morphogenetic processes during early S. lycopersicum leaf development. Using Laser Capture Microdissection we isolate six previously unattainable regions along two leaf axes, the medio - lateral (ML) and proximal- distal (PD), during the P4 stage of leaf development. Through differential gene expression and GO enrichment analysis we uncover molecular signatures of up-regulated genes that help define morphogenetic process and early leaf axes establishment. We uncovered verifiable gene expression patterns that describe a new pattern of early photosynthetic competence progressing along the ML axis, and auxin transport processes that establish competence to make organs along the rarely explored meristematic region the marginal blastozone. This work provides a better understanding of how the plant hormone auxin is localized, defines the interacting molecular mechanisms guiding plant architecture, and provides a framework for future work to explore plant morphogenesis.
Download or read book Control of Leaf Growth written by N. R. Baker and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1985 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1985, this book covers the physiological and environmental factors that regulate leaf growth. It opens with a consideration of the importance to the plant of leaf size, form and development, and then divides naturally into two sections: the first covers the intrinsic factors within the leaf that influence development, including solute and hormonal status, cellular components, and energy transducing systems; the second considers the role of some major environmental variables in the regulation of leaf growth, including temperature, light, water and nutrients, atmospheric influences and the interactive effects of climatic variables.
Download or read book Symmetry In Plants written by Denis Barabe and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998-03-26 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book deals with biological, mathematical, descriptive, causal and systemic phyllotaxis. It aims at reflecting the widest possible range of ideas and research closely related to phyllotaxis and contains 30 well illustrated chapters.The book has three parts of equal importance. The first two parts concern data collecting, pattern recognition and pattern generation to which students of phyllotaxis are well accustomed. The third part is devoted to the problem of origins of phyllotactic patterns, giving the field of phyllotaxis the universality it requires to be fully understood.Phyllotaxis-like patterns are found in places where genes are not necessarily present. Part III concerns general comparative morphology, homologies with phyllotactic patterns, and recent trends on evolution that can help to understand phyllotaxis.The distinguished researchers who accepted to participate in the production of this book, strongly contributed to the field of phyllotaxis in the past and have devoted a lot of their time to the fascinating subject coming up with most valuable findings, or are newcomers with original ideas that may be very relevant for the future of the field. The book summarizes and updates their contributions, and promotes new avenues in the treatment of phyllotaxis.This book on mathematical and biological phyllotaxis is the first collective book ever. A landmark in the history of phyllotaxis.
Download or read book Selenium in plants written by Elizabeth A.H. Pilon-Smits and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-10 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers many facets of plant selenium (Se) accumulation: molecular genetics, biochemistry, physiology, and ecological and evolutionary aspects. Broader impacts and applications of plant Se accumulation also receive attention. Plant Se accumulation is very relevant for environmental and human health. Selenium is both essential at low levels and toxic at high levels, and both Se deficiency and toxicity are problems worldwide. Selenium can positively affect crop productivity and nutritional value. Plants may also be used to clean up excess environmental Se. Selenium in plants has profound ecological impact, and likely contributes to Se movement in ecosystems and global Se cycling.
Download or read book Morphogenesis and Pattern Formation in Biological Systems written by T. Sekimura and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A central goal of biology is to decode the mechanisms that underlie the processes of morphogenesis and pattern formation. Concerned with the analysis of those phenomena, this book integrates experimental and theoretical aspects of biology for the construction and investigation of models of complex processes. It offers an interdisciplinary approach to the pattern formation problems and provides a scope of forthcoming integrated biology including experiments and theories.
Download or read book Plant Programmed Cell Death written by Arunika N. Gunawardena and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-08 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically encoded, active process which results in the death of individual cells, tissues, or whole organs. PCD plays an essential role in plant development and defense, and occurs throughout a plant’s lifecycle from the death of the embryonic suspensor to leaf and floral organ senescence. In plant biology, PCD is a relatively new research area, however, as its fundamental importance is further recognized, publications in the area are beginning to increase significantly. The field currently has few foundational reference books and there is a critical need for books that summarizes recent findings in this important area. This book contains chapters written by several of the world’s leading researchers in PCD. This book will be invaluable for PhD or graduate students, or for scientists and researchers entering the field. Established researchers will also find this timely work useful as an up-to-date overview of this fascinating research area.
Download or read book The Molecular Organography of Plants written by Quentin Cronk and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant organs are therefore discussed in the context of the evolution of development ("evo-devo"), and their basis in molecular developmental genetics is described.
Download or read book Heavy Metal Stress in Plants written by Dharmendra K. Gupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-04 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants possess a range of potential cellular mechanisms that may be involved in the detoxification of heavy metals and thus tolerance to metal stress. Metal toxicity causes multiple direct and indirect effects in plants that concern practically all physiological functions. The main purpose of this book is to present comprehensive and concise information on recent advances in the field of metal transport and how genetic diversity affects heavy metal transport in plants. Other key futures of the book are related to metal toxicity and detoxification mechanisms, biochemical tools for HM remediation processes, molecular mechanisms for HM detoxification, how metallomics and metalloproteomics are affected by heavy metal stress in plants, and the role of ROS metabolism in the alleviation of heavy metals. Some chapters also focus on recent developments in the field of phytoremediation. Overall the book presents in-depth information and the most essential advances in the field of heavy metal toxicity in plants in recent years.
Download or read book Cell Division in Higher Plants written by Michael Magson Yeoman and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significance of division in the higher plant. The visible events of mitotic cell division. Molecular events of the cell cycle: a preparation for division. The replication of plastids in higher plants. The cell in sporogenesis and spore development. Modification and errors of mitotic cell division in relation to differentiation. The root apex. The shoot apex. Cell division in leaves. The cambium. The role of cell division in angiosperm embriology. Disorganized systems.
Download or read book Plant Signaling Molecules written by M. Iqbal R. Khan and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-03-15 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant Signaling Molecule: Role and Regulation under Stressful Environments explores tolerance mechanisms mediated by signaling molecules in plants for achieving sustainability under changing environmental conditions. Including a wide range of potential molecules, from primary to secondary metabolites, the book presents the status and future prospects of the role and regulation of signaling molecules at physiological, biochemical, molecular and structural level under abiotic stress tolerance. This book is designed to enhance the mechanistic understanding of signaling molecules and will be an important resource for plant biologists in developing stress tolerant crops to achieve sustainability under changing environmental conditions. Focuses on plant biology under stress conditions Provides a compendium of knowledge related to plant adaptation, physiology, biochemistry and molecular responses Identifies treatments that enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stresses Illustrates specific physiological pathways that are considered key points for plant adaptation or tolerance to abiotic stresses
Download or read book The Molecular Biology of Plant Cells written by H. Smith and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1977-01-01 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant cell structure and function; Gene expression and its regulation in plant cells; The manipulation of plant cells.
