Download or read book Molecular Evolution of Pyroglutamylated RFamide Peptide and Orphan G Protein Coupled Receptor written by Rigers Bakiu and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-12-13 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Document from the year 2016 in the subject Biology - Evolution, grade: -, Agricultural University of Tirana, language: English, abstract: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are members of a large protein family that share common structural motifs, including seven transmembrane helices, and play pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communications and in the regulation of cell functions. GPR103 is an orphan GPCR that shows similarities with orexin, neuropeptide FF, and cholecystokinin receptors. In humans, 26RFa/QRFP has been found to be an endogenous ligand for the orphan receptor, GPR103 and it is one of the RFamide peptides, which have been shown to exert important neuroendocrine, behavioural, sensory and autonomic functions. All the information we have till know couldn’ be available if we didn’t know the evolution of this important proteins and the relative interactions, which were discovered recently to be important for the regulation of locomotor activity, sleep and these neuropeptides and receptors exert neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer’s Disease. Anyway, there is a long way to be walked on, because there is a need of additional information, while studing the molecular evolution of these proteins and peptides. What is the Molecular Evolution? In the First chapter the readers can find all about this branch of science and the problems this branch had overcomed in order to bring to the scientific community the molecularisation of the evolution concepts. In the following chapter to the readers is presented a descriptive overview of G-proteins and G-protein coupled receptor. In the other chapters it is also presented 26RFA/QRFP and pyroglutamylated RFamide peptide receptor (QRFPR) molecular evolution, where it is described the molecular phylogeny and the functional implication. It is even shown the unique study regarding the presence on natural selection (positive or negative selection) during the evolution of QRFPRs in mammals and fish species. In the end of the book are shown the recent important finding regarding the function and the role of QRFP and its receptor, together with the experimental approach applied to zebrafish and rodents. Anyway, it is imperative to mention that all the available knowledge from experiments to these animals can be useful for the curation of disorders and other deseases like Alzheimer’s Disease, only if we could understand well their molecular evolution.
Download or read book Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides written by Abba Kastin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-01-26 with total page 2033 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides, Second Edition, is the definitive, indispensable reference for peptide researchers, biochemists, cell and molecular biologists, neuroscientists, pharmacologists, and endocrinologists. Its chapters are designed to be a source for workers in the field and enable researchers working in a specific area to examine related areas outside their expertise. Peptides play a crucial role in many physiological processes, including actions as neurotransmitters, hormones, and antibiotics. Research has shown their importance in such fields as neuroscience, immunology, pharmacology, and cell biology. The second edition of Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides presents this tremendous body of knowledge in the field of biologically active peptides in one single reference. The section editors and contributors represent some of the most sophisticated and distinguished scientists working in basic sciences and clinical medicine. Presents all aspects of biologically active peptides in one resource Features more than 20 sections spanning plant, bacterial, fungal, venom, and invertebrate peptides to general peptides Includes immunological, inflammatory, cancer, vaccine, and neurotrophic peptides Discusses peptide precursors, mRNA distribution, processing, and receptors, not just pathophysiological implications
Download or read book Handbook of Hormones written by Yoshio Takei and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-08-26 with total page 1156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Hormones: Comparative Endocrinology for Basic and Clinical Research collates fundamental information about the structure and function of hormones from basic biology to clinical use. The handbook offers a rapid way to obtain specific facts about the chemical and molecular characteristics of hormones, their receptors and signalling pathways, and the biological activities they regulate. The evolution of hormones and gene families is also covered both in the text and in online ancillaries. Users will find simple and visual ways to learn key molecular information. Chapters and online ancillary resources integrate additional sections, providing a comparative molecular, functional, and evolutionary consideration. Provides the only single resource available with concise, yet informative descriptions of hormones in vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants Presents hormones in groups according to their origin, so that readers can easily understand their inter-relation Includes comparative information on the structures and functions of hormones enabling readers to understand both general and specific actions in and across species Ancillary website hosts additional information, including sequence data, comparative data, figures, and tables
Download or read book Biologically Active Peptides written by Fidel Toldra and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-06-17 with total page 819 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biologically Active Peptides: From Basic Science to Applications for Human Health stands as a comprehensive resource on bioactive peptide science and applications. With contributions from more than thirty global experts, topics discussed include bioactive peptide science, structure-activity relationships, best practices for their study and production, and their applications. In the interdisciplinary field of bioactive peptides, this book bridges the gap between basic peptide chemistry and human physiology, while reviewing recent advances in peptide analysis and characterization. Methods and technology-driven chapters offer step-by-step guidance in peptide preparation from different source materials, bioactivity assays, analysis and identification of bioactive peptides, encoding bioactive peptides. Later, applications across disease areas and medical specialties are examined in-depth, including the use of bioactive peptides in treating obesity, diabetes, osteoporosis, mental health disorders, food allergies, and joint health, among other disorders, as well as bioactive peptides for sensory enhancement, sports and clinical nutrition, lowering cholesterol, improving cardiovascular health, and driving advances in biotechnology. Discusses the latest advances in bioactive peptide chemistry, functionality and analysis Offers step-by-step instruction in applying new technologies for peptide extraction, protection, production and encoding, as well as employing bioactive peptide sequencing and bioactivity assays in new research Effectively links basic peptide chemistry, human biology and disease Features chapter contributions from international experts across disciplines and applications
Download or read book Lampreys Biology Conservation and Control written by Margaret F. Docker and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-24 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides the most comprehensive review of lamprey biology since Hardisty and Potter’s five-volume “The Biology of Lampreys” published more than 30 years ago. Published in two volumes, it includes contributions from international lamprey experts, reviewing and providing new insights into the evolution, general biology, and management of lampreys worldwide. This first volume offers up-to-date chapters on the systematics, general biology, conservation status, and conservation needs of lampreys. It will serve as an important reference for researchers working on any aspect of lamprey biology and fishery managers whose mandate is to control or conserve lamprey populations.
Download or read book Ligand written by Chandraleka Saravanan and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-05-23 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book Ligand describes the diversity and versatility of ligands, covering structural features, donor-acceptor properties and secondary functions like molecular recognition. Moreover, this book also provides a comprehensive account on the applicability like catalysis, sensors, supramolecular assembly, photochemical property, bioinorganic chemistry, and so on. The advancement of fundamentals in ligand design and the control of physicochemical properties of coordination compounds has largely increased emphasis on understanding the structural and electronic features toward different perspectives in materials science. In this regard, this book has a special appeal to chemists, biologists and others. This book will be beneficial for the graduate students, teachers, researchers and other professionals who are interested to fortify and expand their knowledge in chemistry, biology, microbiology, biotechnology, materials science, environmental science and so on.
Download or read book G Protein Signaling Pathways in Health and Disease written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: G Protein Signaling Pathways in Health and Disease, Volume 161 in the Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science series, provides informative and exciting monographs on a wide variety of research topics related to G Protein Signaling Pathways in Health and Disease. The series gives in-depth knowledge on the important molecular biological aspects of organismal physiology and function, along with insights on how this knowledge can be applied to understand and ameliorate human disease. This updated release covers Diseases associated with mutations in CNGA3, Mutations in arrestins, Diseases caused by mutations in GPR101, Diseases caused by mutations in lutropin receptor, and much more. Comprises 15-20 chapters, providing substantial coverage on a given topic Contains ample use of tables, diagrams, schemata and color figures to enhance the reader's ability to rapidly grasp the information provided in each chapter Provides a comprehensive guide to the latest information available on prions, viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotes
Download or read book Neurobiology of Alcohol Dependence written by Antonio Noronha and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-02 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent scientific advances have provided substantial information on the brain circuits and pathways relevant to various aspects of dependence. Neurobiology of Alcohol Dependence highlights the most recent data at the molecular, cellular, neurocircuitry, and behavioral levels, fostering an understanding how neuroplasticity and neuroadaptation occur, and how different neural pathways and neurocircuits contribute to dependence. Highlights recent advances in understanding alcohol addiction from molecular, cellular, neurocircuitry, and behavioral levels Integrates several emerging areas of research and discusses the application of novel research techniques to the understanding of alcohol dependence Chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe — the broadest, most expert coverage available
Download or read book Cystogenesis written by Jong Hoon Park and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-12 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a highly prevalent hereditary renal disorder in which fluid-filled cysts are appeared in both kidneys. Main causative genes of ADPKD are PKD1 and PKD2, encoding for polycystin-1 (PC1) and polycystin-2 (PC2) respectively. Those proteins are localized on primary cilia and function as mechanosensor in response to the fluid flow, translating mechanistic stimuli into calcium signaling. With mutations either of PKD1 or PKD2, hyper-activated renal tubular epithelial cell proliferation is observed, followed by disrupted calcium homeostasis and aberrant intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation. Increased cell proliferation with fluid secretion leads to the development of thousands of epithelial-lined, fluid-filled cysts in kidneys. It is also accompanied by interstitial inflammation, fibrosis, and finally reaching end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In human ADPKD, the age at which renal failure typically occurs is later in life, however no specific targeted medications are available to cure ADPKD. Recently, potential therapeutic targets or surrogate diagnostic biomarkers for ADPKD are proposed with the advances in the understanding of ADPKD pathogenesis, and some of them were attempted for clinical trials. Herein, we will summarize genetic and epi-genetic molecular mechanisms in ADPKD progression, and overview the currently available biomarkers or potential therapeutic reagents suggested.
Download or read book Relaxin and Related Peptides written by Alexander I. Agoulnik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book contains the latest information on diverse biological functions of relaxin and related peptide found since the recent discovery of relaxin receptors. It also describes the evolution of relaxin family peptides and their receptors, molecular mechanisms of ligand/receptor interaction and the analysis of activated signaling pathways.
Download or read book The Phylogenetic Handbook written by Marco Salemi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-08-27 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sample Text
Download or read book Handbook of Object Novelty Recognition written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-11-16 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Object Novelty Recognition, Volume 26, synthesizes the empirical and theoretical advances in the field of object recognition and memory that have occurred since the development of the spontaneous object recognition task. The book is divided into four sections, covering vision and perception of object features and attributions, definitions of concepts that are associated with object recognition, the influence of brain lesions and drugs on various memory functions and processes, and models of neuropsychiatric disorders based on spontaneous object recognition tasks. A final section covers genetic and developmental studies and gender and hormone studies. Details the brain structures and the neural circuits that underlie memory of objects, including vision and olfaction Provides a thorough description of the object novelty recognition task, variations on the basic task, and methods and techniques to help researchers avoid common pitfalls Assists researchers in understanding all aspects of object memory, conducting object novelty recognition tests, and producing reliable, reproducible results
Download or read book Pharmacogenomics in Drug Discovery and Development written by Qing Yan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-06 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition offers a state-of-the-art and integrative vision of pharmacogenomics by exploring new concepts and practical methodologies focusing on disease treatments, from cancers to cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders and more. The collection of these theoretical and experimental approaches facilitates problem-solving by tackling the complexity of personalized drug discovery and development. Written by leading experts in their fields for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, the book aims to provide across-the-board resources to support the translation of pharmacogenomics into better individualized health care. Authoritative and up-to-date, Pharmacogenomics in Drug Discovery and Development, Third Edition aims to aid researchers in approaching the challenges in pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine with the introduction of these novel ideas and cutting-edge methodologies.
Download or read book Structure and Function of GPCRs written by Guillaume Lebon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to the latest advances in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) biology. It reviews our current understanding of the structural basis of ligand binding and allosteric mechanisms, following a decade of technological breakthroughs. Several examples of structure-based drug discovery are presented, together with the future challenges involved in designing better drugs that target GPCRs. In turn, the book illustrates the important concept of GPCR biased signaling in physiological contexts, and presents fluorescent- and light-based methodologies frequently used to measure GPCR signaling or to trace their dynamics in cells upon ligand activation. Taken together, the chapters provide an essential overview and toolkit for new scientific investigators who plan to develop GPCR projects. All chapters were written by experts in their respective fields, and share valuable insights and powerful methodologies for the GPCR field.
Download or read book Neuroendocrine Control written by Kinji Yagi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1973 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Membrane Protein Crystallization written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-05-29 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of Current Topics in Membranes focuses on Membrane Protein Crystallization, beginning with a review of past successes and general trends, then further discussing challenges of mebranes protein crystallization, cell free production of membrane proteins and novel lipids for membrane protein crystallization. This publication also includes tools to enchance membrane protein crystallization, technique advancements, and crystallization strategies used for photosystem I and its complexes, establishing Membrane Protein Crystallization as a needed, practical reference for researchers.
Download or read book The Islets of Langerhans written by S.J. Cooperstein and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Islets of Langerhans: Biochemistry, Physiology, and Pathology reviews the state of knowledge in the complex phenomena involved in the functioning of the multiendocrine organ, the islet of Langerhans, and the various influences that can lead to its abnormal functioning. The volume highlights major gaps in knowledge and indicates the directions for research on the major functioning of this organ and the defects leading to its major pathology, diabetes mellitus. The book is organized into three parts. Part I provides the necessary background information on the nature and development of the islet of Langerhans. It includes studies on the evolution of knowledge of the ever-increasing number of cell types found in islet tissue; and fetal development of the functional capacities of the islet cells. Part II is devoted to the synthesis and secretion of islet hormones, beginning with a chapter on the membrane transport systems of islet tissue as a prelude to subsequent examination of their role in the regulation of these processes. Part III examines the effects of deleterious conditions and agents on the morphology and function of islet cells. This book is intended for researchers in endocrinology, particularly those interested in pancreatic hormones, graduate students in endocrinology, and medical endocrinologists interested in diabetes. It will also be useful to physiologists and biochemists studying peptide synthesis and secretion.
