Download or read book Molecular Biology of Metal Homeostasis and Detoxification written by Markus J. Tamás and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-07 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the challenges faced by every cell as well as by whole organisms is to maintain appropriate concentrations of essential nutrient metals while excluding nonessential toxic metals. Toward that end, all organisms have developed mechanisms for metal homeostasis and detoxification to maintain metal levels within physiological limits. This book brings together current knowledge of the molecular basis of metal homeostasis and detoxification in various eukaryotic model systems, including yeasts, plants, and mammals. It focuses on the cellular systems controlling metal transport, intracellular distribution, and immobilization as well as on systems regulating metal-dependent transcription. In addition to environmental aspects (including phytoremediation), the book treats the pathophysiology of metal deficiency and overload in relation to disease.

Download or read book Metal Biology Takes Flight The Study of Metal Homeostasis and Detoxification in Insects written by Stephanie E. Mohr and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-08-22 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metals such as copper, iron, manganese, and zinc are clearly required for proper metabolism and development, while imbalances can lead to systemic dysfunction and disease. As a result, organisms have evolved complex genetic systems for the regulation of metal levels, including import, export, and sequestration of metals within cells and sub-cellular compartments. The study of metal biology in insects has the potential to greatly expand our understanding of metal biology. The results of such studies might point to new possible therapeutic interventions for neurological and other human diseases, as well as new strategies for insect disease vector control. The articles collected in this Research Topic comprise review and original research on metal biology in insects.

Download or read book Metal Biology Takes Flight The Study of Metal Homeostasis and Detoxification in Insects written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metals such as copper, iron, manganese, and zinc are clearly required for proper metabolism and development, while imbalances can lead to systemic dysfunction and disease. As a result, organisms have evolved complex genetic systems for the regulation of metal levels, including import, export, and sequestration of metals within cells and sub-cellular compartments. The study of metal biology in insects has the potential to greatly expand our understanding of metal biology. The results of such studies might point to new possible therapeutic interventions for neurological and other human diseases, as well as new strategies for insect disease vector control. The articles collected in this Research Topic comprise review and original research on metal biology in insects.

Download or read book Metal Ion Homeostasis written by Dean H. Hamer and published by Wiley-Liss. This book was released on 1989-01-10 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses how metals are routed and incorporated into regulatory and catalytic proteins and how their pathways are regulated. Describes the diverse strategies that organisms have adopted to acquire, utilize, and store essential metals while protecting themselves against metal toxicity. Metal ion homeostasis and detoxification are considered in terms of structure and regulation. Covers the role of metals in DNA-binding proteins and gene regulation, the chemistry and biology of metal-binding peptides, and methods of metal detoxification. Also includes structural and functional studies of metalloproteins, and a section on the physiology and diseases of unbalanced metal ion homeostasis.

Download or read book Molecular Microbiology of Heavy Metals written by Dietrich H. Nies and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-24 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers allocation of metals in cells, metal transporter, storage and metalloregulatory proteins, cellular responses to metal ion stress, transcription of genes involved in metal ion homeostasis, uptake of essential metals, metal efflux and other detoxification mechanisms. The book also discusses metal bioreporters for the nanomolar range of concentration and tools to address the metallome. In addition, coverage details specific metals.

Download or read book Detoxification of Heavy Metals written by Irena Sherameti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heavy metals are severe environmental pollutants, and many of them are toxic even at very low concentrations. With industrial development, soil pollution with heavy metal elements have dramatically increased. The uptake of heavy metals via plants that are exposed to contaminated soils is a risk for human health and a major hazard for the ecosystem as a whole, including soil microorganisms. On the other hand, plants may be used in the decontamination of soils. The topics presented in this book include: sources of heavy metals contaminants in soils; plant species that can grow on contaminated soils; the phytoremediation of contaminated soils; tolerance, accumulation and detoxification mechanisms of zinc, copper, arsenic, cadmium and vanadium in plants; the critical role of sulfur metabolism in heavy metal tolerance; the role of aquatic macrophytes, plant growth-promoting bacteria, sugar crops and earthworms in detoxification; and heavy metal stabilization by promoting zeolite synthesis in soils.

Download or read book Cellular and Molecular Biology of Metals written by Rudolfs K. Zalups and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-05-21 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With chapter contributions from more than 30 metal biology experts, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Metals explains the role of key divalent metal ions involved in the molecular and cellular biology of various target cell populations. Although it primarily focuses on homeostatic metals, such as nickel, zinc, and chromium, the text also discusses

Download or read book Cell Biology of Metals and Nutrients written by Rüdiger Hell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants are composed of 17 essential and at least 5 beneficial elements, and these must be taken up as metal or nutrient ions to allow for growth and cell division. Much effort has been devoted to studying the physiology and biochemistry of metals and nutrients in plants. The aspect of cell biology, however, is an emerging new field and much needs to be learned about sensing, long-distance communication within plants, and cellular signal transduction chains in response to environmental stress. Cellular malfunction and consequently disease result when any of the key steps in metal and nutrient homeostasis are disrupted. Working together, leading experts in their respective fields provide a new concept that reaches beyond plant nutrition and plasmalemma transport into cellular physiology. Each chapter contains basic information on uptake, physiological function, deficiency and toxicity syndromes, long-distance and intracellular transport. The discussion is devoted to metals and nutrients where recent progress has been made and highlights the aspects of homeostasis and sensing, signaling and regulation, drawing parallels to other organisms including humans. Finally, the book identifies gaps in our current knowledge and lays out future research directions.

Download or read book Metal Transporters written by Jose M. Arguello and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of Current Topics in Membranes focuses on metal transmembrane transporters and pumps, a recently discovered family of membrane proteins with many important roles in the physiology of living organisms. The book summarizes the most recent advances in the field of metal ion transport and provides a broad overview of the major classes of transporters involved in homeostasis of heavy metals. Various families of the transporters and metal specificities are discussed with the focus on the structural and mechanistic aspects of their function and regulation. The reader will access information obtained through a variety of approaches ranging from X-ray crystallography to cell biology and bioinformatics, which have been applied to transporters identified in diverse biological systems, such as pathogenic bacteria, plants, humans and others. Field is cutting-edge and a lot of the information is new to research community Wide breadth of topic coverage Contributors of high renown and expertise

Download or read book Homeostasis and Toxicology of Non essential Metals written by Chris M. Wood and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homeostasis and Toxicology of Non-Essential Metals synthesizes the explosion of new information on the molecular, cellular, and organismal handling of metals in fish in the past 15 years. These elements are no longer viewed by fish physiologists as "heavy metals" that kill fish by suffocation, but rather as interesting moieties that enter and leave fish by specific pathways, which are subject to physiological regulation. The metals featured in this volume are those about which there has been most public and scientific concern, and therefore are those most widely studied by fish researchers. Metals such as Ag, Al, Cd, Pb, Hg, As, Sr, and U have no known nutritive function in fish at present, but are toxic at fairly low levels.

Download or read book Metallomics and the Cell written by Lucia Banci and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metallomics and the Cell provides in an authoritative and timely manner in 16 stimulating chapters, written by 37 internationally recognized experts from 9 nations, and supported by more than 3000 references, several tables, and 110 illustrations, mostly in color, a most up-to-date view of the "metallomes" which, as defined in the "omics" world, describe the entire set of biomolecules that interact with or are affected by each metal ion. The most relevant tools for visualizing metal ions in the cell and the most suitable bioinformatic tools for browsing genomes to identify metal-binding proteins are also presented. Thus, MILS-12 is of relevance for structural and systems biology, inorganic biological chemistry, genetics, medicine, diagnostics, as well as teaching, etc.

Download or read book Cellular Effects of Heavy Metals written by Gaspar Banfalvi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-02 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term “heavy metals” is used as a group name of toxic metals and metalloids (semimetals) causing contaminations and ecotoxicity. In strict chemical sense the density of heavy metals is higher than 5 g/cm3. From biological point of view as microelements they can be divided into two major groups. a. For their physiological function organisms and cells require essential microelements such as iron, chromium (III), cobalt, copper, manganese, molidenium, zinc. b. The other group of heavy metals is toxic to the health or environment. Of highest concern are the emissions of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn, Tl. The toxicity of heavy metals is well known at organizational level, while less attention has been paid to their cellular effects. This book describes the toxicity of heavy metals on microorganisms, yeast, plant and animal cells. Other chapters of the book deal with their genotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. The toxicity of several metals touch upon the aspects of environmental hazard, ecosystems and human health. Among the cellular responses of heavy metals irregularities in cellular mechanisms such as gene expression, protein folding, stress signaling pathways are among the most important ones. The final chapters deal with biosensors and removal of heavy metals. As everybody is eating, drinking and exposed to heavy metals on a daily basis, the spirit of the book will attract a wide audience.

Download or read book Characterization of Transmembrane Metal Transporters in Metal Homeostasis Detoxification and Drug Resistance written by Marc Joseph Frayna Gallenito and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of their unique chemistry, transition metals are central to the function of one-third of all proteins identified in the human proteome, thus, play pivotal roles in biological processes. Yet, abnormal metal distribution underlies cellular toxicity. Every cell, as well as whole organisms, is therefore challenged to tightly control and maintain appropriate concentrations of metals while excluding nonessential, toxic metals. Cellular metal import and export often require transmembrane transporter proteins embedded in the membrane. In this dissertation, we investigate the chemical roles underlying selectivity and translocation mechanism of transmembrane proteins involved in metal transport with the aim of shedding light on how homeostasis, detoxification and metal-based drug resistance is achieved. Atomic resolution understanding of metal selectivity by membrane proteins has remained largely elusive. The P1B-type ATPase pumps represent transporters with wide and overlapping substrate specificities. A Zn2+-transporting P-type ATPase (ZntA) was utilized as a model system to understand how metal promiscuity against Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, and Pb2+ is obtained at a molecular level. We dissected the coordination chemistry of metal-bound forms of ZntA through biochemical tools and X-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis. We revealed that coordination plasticity is required to guarantee substrate promiscuity of ZntA. Moreover, our results indicated that divergence from ideal ligand sets and geometries is required for efficient metal translocation by ZntA during its catalytic cycle. The pathology and entrance into the cells of therapeutic metals must also be based on similar coordination chemistry principles of trafficking that govern physiological trace metals. Platinumcoordination complexes are among the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs used in clinic for the treatment of cancer. Despite their efficacy, cancer cells can develop drug resistance leading to treatment failure and relapse. Cellular uptake and extrusion of Pt(II)-complexes mediated by transmembrane proteins are critical in controlling the intracellular concentrations of Pt(II)-drugs and in developing pre-target resistance. TMEM205 is a human transmembrane protein (hTMEM205) overexpressed in cancer cells resistant to cisplatin, but its molecular function underlying resistance remains elusive. We developed a low-cost and high-throughput recombinant expression platform coupled to in vivo functional resistance assays to address the molecular mechanism by which the orphan hTMEM205 protects against Pt(II)-complex toxicity. We demonstrate that hTMEM205 mediates Pt(II)-drug export selectively towards cisplatin and oxaliplatin but not carboplatin. Thus, hTMEM205 represents a new potential target that can be exploited to reduce cellular resistance towards Pt(II)-drugs. We subsequently investigated the nature of the physiological role of the “orphan” hTMEM205 and addressed whether it could exert its function as a novel Cu(I) transporter. The rationale behind this hypothesis is two-pronged: 1) Cu homeostatic pathways have been proposed to act as cisplatin transport systems and 2) Cu(I) and Pt(II) interact with similar biological ligands due to their comparable chemical coordination chemistry preferences according to the Pearson acid-base theory. In this work, through a combination of in vivo and in vitro activity assays, we defined that hTMEM205 is a novel human Cu(I) transporter. First, we developed a bacterial-based approach to show the directionality of hTMEM205-mediated copper transport. Second, successful purification of recombinant hTMEM205 allowed the establishment of a hTMEM205-reconstituted proteoliposome platform to dissect its enzymatic transport activity. By mutagenesis, we revealed that hTMEM205 recognize and mediate Cu(I) extrusion by a putative sulfur-based translocation mechanism. This work sheds light on the physiological relevance of hTMEM205 in cellular metal metabolism and establishes a new transporter-based copper pathway.

Download or read book Biotechnology and Environmental Science written by P.S. Lovett and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews recent research in eukaryotic, agricultural, environmental, and microbial biotechnology with a view to keeping scientists, government officials, and industrialists up to date on trends and advances in subspecialties adjacent to their own. Some of the specific topics are moveable elements in the human genome, agricultural applications of coat protein mediated protection, and the analysis of epitope in the cholera family of enterotoxins. The 29 papers were presented at a conference in Bangkok, Thailand, August 1990. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Download or read book Metallothioneins and Related Chelators written by Astrid Sigel and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2009 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapters 3 to 5 give an account of bacterial MTs, MTs in yeast and fungi, and MTs in plants. Most astonishingly, the MTs of bacteria and plants contain next to cysteine also histidine residues and thus, metal ions are not only sulfur- but also imidazole-coordinated which gives rise to zinc finger-like structures. Remarkably, yeast and fungal MTs are Cu(I) rather than Zn(II) or Cd(II) binding proteins. Next, Chapters 6 through 9 discuss the MTs of dipteran insects, including the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, earthworms and nematodes, as well as echinoderms, crustaceans, molluscs, and fish. Actually, aquatic animals, both vertebrates and invertebrates, have the potential to be used for monitoring metal contamination in aquatic ecosystems. Interestingly, in Chapter 9 the remarkable speculation is presented that under chronic natural exposure conditions the animals establish a trade-off between the "cost" of detoxifying non-essential metals and the "cost" of allowing some of these metals to spill over onto metal-sensitive sites. This contrasts with laboratory experiments involving aquatic animals, where the toxicity of non-essential metals normally exhibits a threshold response: at low exposure concentrations the organisms can detoxify the incoming metal and thus, tolerate the exposure, whereas at concentrations above the threshold, the detoxification mechanism is no longer able to protect the organism completely.

Download or read book Plants and Heavy Metals written by Antonella Furini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title focuses on the many aspects of the interaction between plants and heavy metals. Not only it describes the effects of heavy metal toxicity on the plant cell and its organs but it also examines the mechanisms that plants adopt to scavenge heavy metals at cellular, physiological, and metabolic level. Plants and Heavy Metals also analyses Hyperaccumulator plants and shows their potential role in phytoremediation technologies in light of the recent research results.

Download or read book Sulphur in Plants written by Y.P. Abrol and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sulphur (S) plays a pivotal role in various plant growth and development processes being a constituent of sulphur-containing amino acids, cysteine and methionine, and other metabolites viz., glutathione and phytochelatins, co-factor of enzymes which contribute to stress repair and amelioration of heavy metal toxicity. Besides, a number of S-containing components are biologically active and, thus, a source for use as medicinal value. The basic global issue before the agricultural scientist and world community is to evolve cultivars and develop methodologies for efficient use of inputs to enhance agricultural productivity. This is particularly true of the developing countries which are going to see maximum rise in population with changing food demands and declining availability of land. Amongst the inputs, nutrients play a crucial role. The major requirement is for N, P and K followed by several micro-nutrients. In this context reports of world-wide S deficiency in the agricultural systems are relevant. The reasons are many. Broadly speaking reduction inS emission, use of S-free N, P and K fertilizers and higher biomass production contributed the maximum. Despite the need for sulphur as an essential plant nutrient and the substantial returns expected from its use, very little attention has been given to fill the gap between supply and demand of S.