Download or read book Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean written by K.E. Cooksey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine biological science is now studied at the molecular level and although research scientists depend on information gained using molecular techniques, there is no book explaining the philosophy of this approach. Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean introduces the reasons why molecular technology is such a powerful tool in the study of the oceans, describing the types of techniques that can be used, why they are useful and gives examples of their application. Molecular biological techniques allow phylogenetic relationships to be explored in a manner that no macroscopic method can; although the book deals with organisms near the base of the marine food web, the ideas can be used in studies of macroorganisms as well as those in freshwater environments.
Download or read book Molecular Biology in Marine Science written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Biology in Marine Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes molecular techniques that could be invaluable in addressing process-oriented problems in the ocean sciences that have perplexed oceanographers for decades, such as understanding the basis for biogeochemical processes, recruitment processes, upper-ocean dynamics, biological impacts of global warming, and ecological impacts of human activities. The coupling of highly sophisticated methods, such as satellite remote sensing, which permits synoptic monitoring of chemical, physical, and biological parameters over large areas, with the power of modern molecular tools for ''ground truthing'' at small scales could allow scientists to address questions about marine organisms and the ocean in which they live that could not be answered previously. Clearly, the marine sciences are on the threshold of an exciting new frontier of scientific discovery and economic opportunity.
Download or read book Molecular Ecology of Aquatic Communities written by J.P. Zehr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a compendium of molecular biology applications for the study of aquatic community ecology. The collection presents the diversity of approaches that have been used, and provides future directions for the study of `molecular ecology' of aquatic communities, from viruses to fish, and in aquatic systems ranging from freshwater streams and lakes to estuaries and oceans. This collection of papers will provide a useful text and resource for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in ecology, as well as for the researcher and educator.
Download or read book Molecular Approaches for the Study of Bacterial Biodiversity in Sediments from Contrasting Regions of Productivity in the Deep Indian Ocean written by Rachel Elizabeth Malinowska and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteria dominate the remineralization of organic carbon in marine systems. Examining patterns of abundance, diversity and distribution is critical to understanding the contribution of bacteria to global biogeochemical cycles. In the oligotrophic deep sea, the role of bacterial communities is intimately linked to the flux of organic matter from primary productivity in surface waters. Deep-sea sediments are a major site of nutrient regeneration, supporting bacteria that comprise up to 90% of the benthic biomass and account for almost 45% of all respiration that occurs in the deep sea. The study of benthic bacterial communities in relation to organic matter flux may help to further scientific understanding of the contribution of bacteria to trends in the carbon cycle that have global significance. In this study, the bacterial abundance and diversity in deep-sea sediments beneath two zones of contrasting productivity in the Southern Ocean were compared. Sediments were taken at two abyssal sites, to the east and south of the Crozet Island Archipelago, in the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean. To the east of the islands, enhanced productivity levels are generated by seasonal blooms in marked contrast to the southerly, oligotrophic site where high nutrient, low chlorophyll conditions, predominate. Bacterial abundance was examined in sediment to a depth of 20 cm. No significant difference in abundance was found between sites, although a trend in decreasing abundance with vertical sediment depth was observed. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) showed consistent distribution of different bacterial groups at both sites, where the gamma- and alpha-Proteobacteria were dominant. Similar denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles were observed for both sites. A comparison of the eutrophic and oligotrophic surface sediment clone libraries found that approximately 36% of operational taxonomic units were common to both sites, however, richness was higher at the oligotrophic site. The results indicated a consistency in abundance and community structure between the two sediments, which may reflect shared biogeochemical characteristics. Both sites supported the same dominant community members. Differences in richness were observed between sites among the less dominant bacteria and these differences might reflect the contrasting productivity regimes of the overlying water.
Download or read book Biology of Marine Fungi written by Chandralata Raghukumar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-06 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diversity, ecological role and biotechnological applications of marine fungi have been addressed in numerous scientific publications in the last few years. This enormous spurt of information has led to a dire need among students and professionals alike for a source, which contains comprehensive reviews of various aspects of marine fungi. This book addresses this need, especially since it is written by reputed marine mycologists. The latest information on topics including molecular taxonomy and phylogeny, ecology of fungi in different marine habitats such as deep sea, corals, dead- sea, fungi in extreme marine environments and their biotechnological applications is reviewed. The book presents a comprehensive source of information and analysis aimed at marine fungi for researchers, teachers and students of marine mycology.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Microbiology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-01-14 with total page 4358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available as an exclusive product with a limited print run, Encyclopedia of Microbiology, 3e, is a comprehensive survey of microbiology, edited by world-class researchers. Each article is written by an expert in that specific domain and includes a glossary, list of abbreviations, defining statement, introduction, further reading and cross-references to other related encyclopedia articles. Written at a level suitable for university undergraduates, the breadth and depth of coverage will appeal beyond undergraduates to professionals and academics in related fields. 16 separate areas of microbiology covered for breadth and depth of content Extensive use of figures, tables, and color illustrations and photographs Language is accessible for undergraduates, depth appropriate for scientists Links to original journal articles via Crossref 30% NEW articles and 4-color throughout – NEW!
Download or read book Molecular Biology in Marine Science written by and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1994 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alien Ocean written by Stefan Helmreich and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2009-01-05 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Alien Ocean immerses readers in worlds being newly explored by marine biologists: the deep sea, the microscopic realm, and oceans beyond national boundaries. Working alongside scientists on ships at sea, in coastal research labs, and at undersea volcanoes, Stefan Helmreich charts how revolutions in genomics, bioinformatics, and remote sensing have pressed marine bioligists to view the sea as animated by its smallest inhabitants: marine microbes. Thriving in astonishingly extreme conditions, such microbes have become key figures in scientific and public debates about the origin of life, climate change, biotechnology, and even the possibility of life on other worlds."--Cover.
Download or read book Advances in Sponge Science Physiology Chemical and Microbial Diversity Biotechnology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-06-26 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of two special issues of Advances in Marine Biology focusing on sponge science, it features comprehensive reviews of the latest studies that are advancing our understanding of the fascinating marine phylum Porifera. The selected contributors are internationally renowned researchers in their respective fields and provide a thorough overview of the state-of-the-art of sponge science. This volume will become a reference to marine biologists with interest in benthic ecology and biotic interactions, including symbiosis; chemical and molecular ecology; systematics, phylogeny, and evolution; sponge culture and tissue engineering
Download or read book The Marine Microbiome written by Lucas J. Stal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-28 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated and expanded second edition reviews numerous aspects of the marine microbiome and its possible industrial applications. The marine microbiome is the total of microorganisms and viruses in the ocean and seas and in any connected environment, including the seafloor and marine animals and plants. In the first part of the book, diversity, origin and evolution of the marine microorganisms and viruses are discussed. The microbes presented originate from all three domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. The second part sheds some light on the different communities: it describes marine habitats and how their inhabitants control biogeochemical cycles. The third part finally examines the microbial ocean as a global system and evaluates methods of utilizing marine microbial resources. Adopting a translational approach, the book connects academic research with industrial applications, making it a fascinating read and valuable resource for microbiologists from both domains.
Download or read book Concepts and Controversies in Tidal Marsh Ecology written by M.P. Weinstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1968 when I forsook horticulture and plant physiology to try, with the help of Sea Grant funds, wetland ecology, it didn’t take long to discover a slim volume published in 1959 by the University of Georgia and edited by R. A. Ragotzkie, L. R. Pomeroy, J. M. Teal, and D. C. Scott, entitled “Proceedings of the Salt Marsh Conference” held in 1958 at the Marine Institute, Sapelo Island, Ga. Now forty years later, the Sapelo Island conference has been the major intellectual impetus, and another Sea Grant Program the major backer, of another symposium, the “International Symposium: Concepts and Controversies in Tidal Marsh Ecology”. This one re-examines the ideas of that first conference, ideas that stimulated four decades of research and led to major legislation in the United States to conserve coastal wetlands. It is dedicated, appropriately, to two then young scientists – Eugene P. Odum and John M. Teal – whose inspiration has been the starting place for a generation of coastal wetland and estuarine research. I do not mean to suggest that wetland research started at Sapelo Island. In 1899 H. C. Cowles described successional processes in Lake Michigan freshwater marsh ponds. There is a large and valuable early literature about northern bogs, most of it from Europe and the former USSR, although Eville Gorham and R. L. Lindeman made significant contributions to the American literature before 1960. V. J.
Download or read book The Fungal Community written by John Dighton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-05-24 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fungal Community: Its Organization and Role in the Ecosystem, Third Edition addresses many of the questions related to the observations, characterizations, and functional attributes of fungal assemblages and their interaction with the environment and other organisms. This edition promotes awareness of the functional methods of classification over taxonomic methods, and approaches the concept of fungal communities from an ecological perspective, rather than from a fungicentric view. It has expanded to examine issues of global and local biodiversity, the problems associated with exotic species, and the debate concerning diversity and function. The third edition also focuses on current ecological discussions - diversity and function, scaling issues, disturbance, and invasive species - from a fungal perspective. In order to address these concepts, the book examines the appropriate techniques to identify fungi, calculate their abundance, determine their associations among themselves and other organisms, and measure their individual and community function. This book explains attempts to scale these measures from the microscopic cell level through local, landscape, and ecosystem levels. The totality of the ideas, methods, and results presented by the contributing authors points to the future direction of mycology.
Download or read book Marine Omics in a Changing Ocean Modelling Molecular Pathways and Networks to Understand Species Acclimation and Adaptation written by Carolina Madeira and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-07-08 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global climate change is a major threat to marine biodiversity worldwide. Average changes in ocean temperature, pH, and oxygenation are re-shaping marine communities, with significant impacts on the critical services that marine ecosystems provide to mankind. As global climate change continues, the frequency, duration, and intensity of extreme weather events are also predicted to increase, with fast and far-reaching consequences on marine species, including mass mortality and disruption of ecological processes. As a result, millions of ocean-dependent livelihoods and jobs are also at risk, with consequent economic impacts. Given the current climate and biodiversity crisis, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services has emphasized the relevance of (1) increasing knowledge and protection of biodiversity and (2) assessing species climate-driven extinction risks. To achieve these goals, we need to understand organism-environment-ecology-evolution interactions at various levels of the biological hierarchy, from molecules to ecosystems. However, we are still lacking a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms shaping phenotypic landscapes in the natural environment, and under different global change scenarios. To address such challenges, a new strategic program was also launched by the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), “Molecules to Ecosystems”, to study life in context, and provide new research avenues in molecular life sciences. In this context, the emerging disciplines of Marine Omics and Marine Systems Biology will be key to supporting innovative solutions in marine ecosystem conservation and blue bioeconomy (for example uncover molecular traits underlying sensitivity/tolerance to environmental change, supporting assisted evolution approaches; molecular targets that can be used for diagnostics, monitoring and development of biotechnological applications).
Download or read book New Developments in Marine Biotechnology written by Y. Le Gal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Past efforts to colonize the environment and domesticate living species, coupled with scientific research, have resulted in the possession (but not always the real control) by humans of any available terrestrial space. However, oceans, which represent up to two thirds of the surface of the planet, had not been really approached until the middle of this century. As oceanographic science develops, the picture of a rich, diverse, complex and also, in many respects, specific marine life, is coming into view. In a broad sense, marine biotechnologies can be understood as the various means or techniques of managing marine living systems for the benefit of mankind. The first goal we have is for marine life to provide biomass for food. However, today it is not certain that a significant increase of total world fisheries' catches will be possible in the future. There are several ways to address this. First, we need to generate better, more complete, or different uses of the biomass actually fished. This is mainly a matter of upgrading fish and fish wastes. Second, we need to artificially grow the living species. This falls within the scope of cell cultivation and of aquaculture. Both approaches have to be appreciated si multaneously in terms of biology, ecology, and economy. In both approaches, profit improvements are linked to the introduction of biotechnological methods and to the use of biotechnological processes.
Download or read book Molecular Biological Technologies for Ocean Sensing written by Sonia M. Tiquia-Arashiro and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Back cover copy The development of ocean sensors remains a ripe area for future investigation from science, policy and systems engineering standpoints. Clearly, there are many options for realizing integrated molecular analytical sensing systems. The definition of key target molecules, detection methods and signal transduction models largely remain to be determined. Moreover, there remains a huge challenge of merging this new class of instrument with different deployment platforms, and supplying necessarypower and data telemetry infrastructure for their operation. Molecular Biological Technologies for Ocean Sensing features methods papers on the application of ecogenomic sensors on autonomous platforms in the ocean. Topics include the use of ecogenomic sensors as a tool in whole-cell and cell-free based detection and monitoring a suite of pathogens and biotoxins that are of public health concern; documenting species diversity, evolution and metabolic function; identification and quantification of aquatic organisms; and inferring metabolic potential and activities of microorganisms in the ocean. Each contribution focuses on the (1) functional requirements for detecting specific microorganisms and the genes that they harbor and express; (2) examples of research activities that take advantage of molecular detection technologies; (3) some of the challenges faced when projecting development and use of novel instruments that will utilize molecular techniques onboard autonomous platforms; and future directions. Bringing these advancements on autonomous platforms, monitoring required sample collection and processing schemes will differ from those currently used (i.e. biomedical diagnostics). This book is the first of its kind to compile current technologies for studying organisms in situ. It will aid in transfer technology to oceanographers, ecologists, microbiologists, and environmental scientists with needs for a remote, in-water sensing capability and for integration with larger scale observatory operations. With this network in place, there is a potential to bridge the gap among regulatory agencies and academics about how this kind of technology can be used for research and monitoring purposes.
Download or read book Desk Encyclopedia of Microbiology written by Moselio Schaechter and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-04-19 with total page 1277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Desk Encyclopedia of Microbiology, Second Edition is a single-volume comprehensive guide to microbiology for the advanced reader. Derived from the six volume e-only Encyclopedia of Microbiology, Third Edition, it bridges the gap between introductory texts and specialized reviews. Covering topics ranging from the basic science of microbiology to the current "hot" topics in the field, it will be invaluable for obtaining background information on a broad range of microbiological topics, preparing lectures and preparing grant applications and reports. The most comprehensive single-volume source providing an overview of microbiology to non-specialists Bridges the gap between introductory texts and specialized reviews Provides concise and general overviews of important topics within the field making it a helpful resource when preparing for lectures, writing reports, or drafting grant applications
