Download or read book Modern Trends in X ray Powder Diffraction written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revival of interest in X-ray powder diffraction, being quoted as a metamorphosis from the 'ugly duckling' to a 'beautiful swan', can be attributed to a number of modern developments in instrumentation and evaluation software. They result in faster data collection, improved accuracy and resolution, and better detectability of minor phases. The ease of data evaluation on small computers coupled direct to the instrument allows convenient execution of previously tedious and time-consuming off-line tasks like qualitative and quantitative analysis, characterization of microcrystalline properties, indexing, and lattice-constant refinements, as well as structure refinements or even exploration of new crystal structures. Powder diffraction has also progressed from an isolated analytical laboratory method to an in situ technique for analysing solid-state reactions or for the on-stream control of industrial processes. The paper surveys these developments and their real and potential applications, and tries to emphasize new trends that are regarded as important steps for the further progress of X-ray powder diffraction.
Download or read book Introduction to X Ray Powder Diffractometry written by Ron Jenkins and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1996-07-12 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to X-ray Powder Diffractometry fully updates the achievements in the field over the past fifteen years and provides a much-needed explanation of the state-of-the-art techniques involved in characterizing materials. It covers the latest instruments and methods, with an emphasis on the fundamentals of the diffractometer, its components, alignment, calibration, and automation. While the material is presented in an orderly progression, beginning with basic concepts and moving on to more complex material, each chapter stands on its own and can be studied independently or used as a professional reference. More than 230 illustrations and tables demonstrate techniques and clarify complex material.
Download or read book Modern Powder Diffraction written by David L. Bish and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 20 of Reviews in Mineralogy attempted to: (1) provide examples illustrating the state-of-the-art in powder diffraction, with emphasis on applications to geological materials; (2) describe how to obtain high-quality powder diffraction data; and (3) show how to extract maximum information from available data. In particular, the nonambient experiments are examples of some of the new and exciting areas of study using powder diffraction, and the interested reader is directed to the rapidly growing number of published papers on these subjects. Powder diffraction has evolved to a point where considerable information can be obtained from ug-sized samples, where detection limits are in the hundreds of ppm range, and where useful data can be obtained in milliseconds to microseconds. We hope that the information in this volume will increase the reader's access to the considerable amount of information contained in typical diffraction data.
Download or read book Introduction to X Ray Powder Diffractometry written by Ron Jenkins and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-29 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When bombarded with X-rays, solid materials produce distinct scattering patterns similar to fingerprints. X-ray powder diffraction is a technique used to fingerprint solid samples, which are then identified and cataloged for future use-much the way the FBI keeps fingerprints on file. The current database of some 70,000 material prints has been put to a broad range of uses, from the analysis of moon rocks to testing drugs for purity. Introduction to X-ray Powder Diffractometry fully updates the achievements in the field over the past fifteen years and provides a much-needed explanation of the state-of-the-art techniques involved in characterizing materials. It covers the latest instruments and methods, with an emphasis on the fundamentals of the diffractometer, its components, alignment, calibration, and automation. The first three chapters outline diffraction theory in clear language, accessible to both students and professionals in chemistry, physics, geology, and materials science. The book's middle chapters describe the instrumentation and procedures used in X-ray diffraction, including X-ray sources, X-ray detection, and production of monochromatic radiation. The chapter devoted to instrument design and calibration is followed by an examination of specimen preparation methods, data collection, and reduction. The final two chapters provide in-depth discussions of qualitative and quantitative analysis. While the material is presented in an orderly progression, beginning with basic concepts and moving on to more complex material, each chapter stands on its own and can be studied independently or used as a professional reference. More than 230 illustrations and tables demonstrate techniques and clarify complex material. Self-contained, timely, and user-friendly, Introduction to X-ray Powder Diffractometry is an enormously useful text and professional reference for analytical chemists, physicists, geologists and materials scientists, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in materials science and analytical chemistry. X-ray powder diffraction-a technique that has matured significantly in recent years-is used to identify solid samples and determine their composition by analyzing the so-called "fingerprints" they generate when X-rayed. This unique volume fulfills two major roles: it is the first textbook devoted solely to X-ray powder diffractometry, and the first up-to-date treatment of the subject in 20 years. This timely, authoritative volume features: * Clear, concise descriptions of both theory and practice-including fundamentals of diffraction theory and all aspects of the diffractometer * A treatment that reflects current trends toward automation, covering the newest instrumentation and automation techniques * Coverage of all the most common applications, with special emphasis on qualitative and quantitative analysis * An accessible presentation appropriate for both students and professionals * More than 230 tables and illustrations Introduction to X-ray Powder Diffractometry, a collaboration between two internationally known and respected experts in the field, provides invaluable guidance to anyone using X-ray powder diffractometers and diffractometry in materials science, ceramics, the pharmaceutical industry, and elsewhere.
Download or read book Modern Trends in Physics Research written by Lotfia M. El Nadi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Trends in Physics Research MTPR-08 was the third of the International Conference series held biannually by the Physics Department in Faculty of Science of Cairo University.The objectives of the conference are to develop greater understanding of physics research and its applications to promote new industries; to innovate knowledge about recent breakthroughs in physics, both the fundamental and technological aspects; to implement of international cooperation in new trends in physics research and to improve the performance of the physics research facilities in Egypt. This proceeding highlights the latest results in the fields of astrophysics, atomic, molecular, condensed matter, lasers, nuclear and particle physics. The peer refereed papers collected in this volume, were written by international experts in these fields. The keynote lecture, ?Overview on the Era of the Exploration of the Planets and Planetary Systems,? delivered by Professor Jay M Pasachoff of Williams College ? Hopkins Observatory was featured in the proceedings. As 2008 was the 50th anniversary of the launch of Sputnik, which began the Space Age, this volume is a unique collection of keynote, plenary and invited presentations covering fields of astrophysics, atomic physics, condensed matter physics as well as nanotechnology, molecular physics and laser physics. This volume will serve as a useful reference for scientists in modern physics and technology of the 21st century.
Download or read book Standard X ray Diffraction Powder Patterns written by and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Basic Concepts of X Ray Diffraction written by Emil Zolotoyabko and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-10 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authored by a university professor deeply involved in X-ray diffraction-related research, this textbook is based on his lectures given to graduate students for more than 20 years. It adopts a well-balanced approach, describing basic concepts and experimental techniques, which make X-ray diffraction an unsurpassed method for studying the structure of materials. Both dynamical and kinematic X-ray diffraction is considered from a unified viewpoint, in which the dynamical diffraction in single-scattering approximation serves as a bridge between these two parts. The text emphasizes the fundamental laws that govern the interaction of X-rays with matter, but also covers in detail classical and modern applications, e.g., line broadening, texture and strain/stress analyses, X-ray mapping in reciprocal space, high-resolution X-ray diffraction in the spatial and wave vector domains, X-ray focusing, inelastic and time-resolved X-ray scattering. This unique scope, in combination with otherwise hard-to-find information on analytic expressions for simulating X-ray diffraction profiles in thin-film heterostructures, X-ray interaction with phonons, coherent scattering of Mossbauer radiation, and energy-variable X-ray diffraction, makes the book indispensable for any serious user of X-ray diffraction techniques. Compact and self-contained, this textbook is suitable for students taking X-ray diffraction courses towards specialization in materials science, physics, chemistry, or biology. Numerous clear-cut illustrations, an easy-to-read style of writing, as well as rather short, easily digestible chapters all facilitate comprehension.
Download or read book Modern Trends In Physics Proceedings Of The 4th International Conference On Modern Research written by Lotfia M El-nadi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-03-25 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of the conference are to develop greater understanding of physics research and its applications to promote new industries; to innovate knowledge about recent breakthroughs in physics, both the fundamental and technological aspects; to implement of international cooperation in new trends in physics research and to improve the performance of the physics research facilities in Egypt. This proceedings highlights the latest results in the fields of astrophysics, atomic, molecular, condensed matter, laser, nuclear and particle physics. The peer refereed papers collected in this volume were written by international experts in these laser fields.
Download or read book Industrial Applications of X Ray Diffraction written by Frank Smith and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-09-22 with total page 1026 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By illustrating a wide range of specific applications in all major industries, this work broadens the coverage of X-ray diffraction beyond basic tenets, research and academic principles. The book serves as a guide to solving problems faced everyday in the laboratory, and offers a review of the current theory and practice of X-ray diffraction, major advances and potential uses.
Download or read book Two dimensional X ray Diffraction written by Bob B. He and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An indispensable resource for researchers and students in materials science, chemistry, physics, and pharmaceuticals Written by one of the pioneers of 2D X-Ray Diffraction, this updated and expanded edition of the definitive text in the field provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals of that analytical method, as well as state-of-the art experimental methods and applications. Geometry convention, x-ray source and optics, two-dimensional detectors, diffraction data interpretation, and configurations for various applications, such as phase identification, texture, stress, microstructure analysis, crystallinity, thin film analysis, and combinatorial screening are all covered in detail. Numerous experimental examples in materials research, manufacture, and pharmaceuticals are provided throughout. Two-dimensional x-ray diffraction is the ideal, non-destructive analytical method for examining samples of all kinds including metals, polymers, ceramics, semiconductors, thin films, coatings, paints, biomaterials, composites, and more. Two-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction, Second Edition is an up-to-date resource for understanding how the latest 2D detectors are integrated into diffractometers, how to get the best data using the 2D detector for diffraction, and how to interpret this data. All those desirous of setting up a 2D diffraction in their own laboratories will find the author’s coverage of the physical principles, projection geometry, and mathematical derivations extremely helpful. Features new contents in all chapters with most figures in full color to reveal more details in illustrations and diffraction patterns Covers the recent advances in detector technology and 2D data collection strategies that have led to dramatic increases in the use of two-dimensional detectors for x-ray diffraction Provides in-depth coverage of new innovations in x-ray sources, optics, system configurations, applications and data evaluation algorithms Contains new methods and experimental examples in stress, texture, crystal size, crystal orientation and thin film analysis Two-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction, Second Edition is an important working resource for industrial and academic researchers and developers in materials science, chemistry, physics, pharmaceuticals, and all those who use x-ray diffraction as a characterization method. Users of all levels, instrument technicians and X-ray laboratory managers, as well as instrument developers, will want to have it on hand.
Download or read book X Ray Diffraction written by Oliver H. Seeck and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-02-10 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-resolution x-ray diffraction and scattering is a key tool for structure analysis not only in bulk materials but also at surfaces and buried interfaces from the sub-nanometer range to micrometers. This book offers an overview of diffraction and scattering methods currently available at modern synchrotron sources and illustrates bulk and interface investigations of solid and liquid matter with up-to-date research examples. It presents important characteristics of the sources, experimental set-up, and new detector developments. The book also considers future exploitation of x-ray free electron lasers for diffraction applications.
Download or read book Powder Diffraction written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1995 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inelastic X Ray Scattering and X Ray Powder Diffraction Applications written by Alessandro Cunsolo and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-09-16 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates a few exemplary scientific topics addressed through the use of two complementary x-ray scattering techniques: inelastic x-ray scattering and x-ray powder diffraction. These scattering methods are the focus of the two main sections of this book. These sections are subdivided into chapters discussing specific applications. The general aim of this volume is providing a concise overview of the opportunities disclosed by these two experimental methods, providing some guidance for scientists picking up this field and, hopefully, inspiring more mature scientists towards the achievement of new advances in this area.
Download or read book Standard X ray Diffraction Powder Patterns written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantitative X Ray Diffractometry written by Lev S. Zevin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most important techniques for determining the atomic structure of a material is X-ray diffraction. One of the great problems of the technique, however, is the fact that only the intensity of the diffraction pattern can be measured, not its phase. The inverse problem, of determining the structure from the pattern thus contains ambiguities that must be resolved by other means. Quantitative X-ray analysis provides one way to resolve this phase problem: mixing the material in question with a material of known structure yields interferences that can be analyzed to yield the unknown phases. Invented in 1916, but little used at the time, the technique has seen a recent revival due to the development of extremely precise X-ray diffractometers coupled with powerful computers.
Download or read book X Ray Diffraction Procedures written by Harold P. Klug and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1974-05-28 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elementary crystallography. The production and properties of X-rays. Fundamental principles of X-ray diffraction. Photographic powder techniques. Diffractometric powder technique. The interpretation of powder diffraction data. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of crystalline powders. The precision determination of lattice constants. Crystallite size and lattice strains from line broadening. Investigation of preferred orientation and texture. Stress measurements in metals. Radial-distribution studies of noncrystalline materials. Layout for a diffraction laboratory. The handling and processing of X-ray film. Miscellaneous constants and numerical data. International atomic weights. Mass absorption coefficients u/p of the elements (Z=1 to 83) for a selection of wavelenghts. Quadratic forms for the cubic system. Atomic and ionic scattering factors. Lorentz and polarization factors. Temperature factor table. Warren's powder pattern power theorem.
Download or read book Tenth European Powder Diffraction Conference written by and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-10-29 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zeitschrift für Kristallographie. Supplement Volume 26 presents the complete Proceedings of all contributions to the X European Powder Diffraction Conference in Geneva 2006: Method Development and Application Instrumental Software Development Materials Supplement Series of Zeitschrift für Kristallographie publishes Proceedings and Abstracts of international conferences on the interdisciplinary field of crystallography.
