Download or read book Modern Technology of Petroleum Greases Lubricants Petro Chemicals Lubricating Oils Cutting Oil Additives Refining Bitumen Waxes with Process and Formulations 3rd Revised Edition written by NIIR Board of Consultants & Engineers and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2018-04-03 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lubricants, greases and petrochemicals are most versatile on the Industrial Plateau now a day. The significance of Lubricants, Greases and specialty products in the day to day functioning of nearly every machine part, instrument, appliance & device cannot be over emphasized lubricants reduce friction & wear between rubbing parts, thereby enhancing their life. A lubricant is a substance introduced to reduce friction between moving surfaces. It may also have the function of transporting foreign particles. The property of reducing friction is known as lubricity. The broad types of lubricating oils are as under; crankcase oils, gear oils, metal working oils, metal drawing oils, spindle and other textile oils, steam turbine oils. Synthetic lubricants have a higher viscosity index, but are less stable to oxidation. They are suitable for high temperature applications. In the modern industrial year, greases have been increasingly employed to cope with a variety of difficult lubrication problems, particularly those where the liquid lubricant is not feasible. Greases are essentially solid or semi solid lubricants consisting of gelling or thickening agent in a liquid lubricant. Greases and lubricants are one of the important products derived from crude petroleum. Petroleum is formed by hydrocarbons (a hydrocarbon is a compound made up of carbon and hydrogen) with the addition of certain other substances, primarily sulphur. Petroleum in its natural form when first collected is usually named crude oil, and can be clear, green or black and may be either thin like gasoline or thick like tar. The principal product of petroleum refining are motor gasoline, aviation gasoline, kerosene, jet fuels, diesel fuels, lubricating oils and fuel oils. Considerable quantities of petroleum wax, bitumen, liquid petroleum gases (LPG), industrial naphtha and coke are also produced. Petrochemicals are chemicals made from petroleum (crude oil) and natural gas. Petroleum and natural gas are made up of hydrocarbon molecules, which are comprised of one or more carbon atoms, to which hydrogen atoms are attached. The Indian lubricants industry claims to be the sixth largest in the world. The petrochemical industry in India has been one of the fastest growing industries in the country. This industry also has immense importance in the growth of economy of the country and the growth and development of manufacturing industry as well. Some of the fundamentals of the book are types of lubricating oils, crankcase oils, gear oils, metal working oils, metal drawing oils, spindle and other textile oils, steam turbine oils, synthetic lubricants, formulations and com pounding of lubricants, additives for straight mineral oil gear lubricants, raw materials for lubricants, equipments for lubricants manufacture, reclamation of used lubricating oil, nature of contaminants in used lubricating oil, gravity methods of purification, metal forming and deforming lubricant, cutting oils, heat treatment oils, greases, sodium soap greases, lithium soap greases, aluminium soap greases, mixed soap greases, complex soap greases etc. The objective of this book is to furnish comprehensive information about nearly all prominent types of lubricants, greases and petrochemicals. This book covers formulae, processes of various petroleum items. This book is an invaluable resource for entrepreneurs, existing units, professionals, institutions etc.

Download or read book Modern Technology of Petroleum Greases Lubricants and Petro Chemicals written by Niir Board and published by National Institute of Industrial Re. This book was released on 2004 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lubricants, Greases and Petrochemicals are most versatile on the Industrial Plateau now a days. The significance of Lubricants, Greases and specialty products in the day-to-day functioning of nearly every machine part, instrument, appliance & device can not be over emphasized lubricants reduce friction & wear between rubbing parts, there by enhancing their life.

Download or read book Hand Book of Lubricants Greases and Petrochemicals Technology written by and published by Engineers India Research In. This book was released on 2009* with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Book Hand Book of Lubricants, Greases and Petrochemicals Technology covers almost all the basic and advanced details to setup own Product Introduc tion, Lubricating Base Stocks, Oxidative Degradation and Stabilisation of Mineral Oil Based Lubricants, Lubricating Oils Classification, Synthetic Fluids, Speciality Oils, Miscellaneous Additives and Vegetable Oils, Various Formulations of Lubricants and Grease, Asphalt Technology, Speciality Products, Treatment of Lubes, The Formulation of Automotive Lubricant, Industrial Lubricants, Lubricating Greases, Manufacture of Lubricating Greases, Lubricant and Their Environmental Impact, Jatropha (Bio Diesel) Cultivation & Extraction, Crude Oil Bleaching for Petroleum Jelly, Soluble Cutting Oil, Emulsifiers for Cutting Oils, Peroleum Jelly, Toluene and SBP from Crude Naphtha, White Oil from Ker osene Oil, Transformer Oil, Biodiesel Project Report. The book has been written for the benefit and to prove an asset and a handy reference guide in the hands of new entrepreneurs & well established industrialists

Download or read book Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants written by Roy M. Mortier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of lubricants began in ancient times and has developed into a major international business through the need to lubricate machines of increasing complexity. The impetus for lubricant development has arisen from need, so lubricating practice has preceded an understanding of the scientific principles. This is not surprising as the scientific basis of the technology is, by nature, highly complex and interdisciplinary. However, we believe that the understanding of lubricant phenomena will continue to be developed at a molecular level to meet future challenges. These challenges will include the control of emissions from internal combustion engines, the reduction of friction and wear in and continuing improvements to lubricant performance and machinery, life-time. More recently, there has been an increased understanding of the chemical aspects of lubrication, which has complemented the knowledge and understanding gained through studies dealing with physics and engineering. This book aims to bring together this chemical information and present it in a practical way. It is written by chemists who are authorities in the various specialisations within the lubricating industry, and is intended to be of interest to chemists who may already be working in the lubricating industry or in academia, and who are seeking a chemist's view of lubrication. It will also be of benefit to engineers and technologists familiar with the industry who require a more fundamental understanding of lubricants.

Download or read book Lubricating Oils Greases and Petroleum Products Manufacturing Handbook written by NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lubricating oils are specially formulated oils that reduce friction between moving parts and help maintain mechanical parts. Lubricating oil is a thick fatty oil used to make the parts of a machine move smoothly. The lubricants market is growing due to the growing automotive industry, increased consumer awareness and government regulations regarding lubricants. Lubricants are used in vehicles to reduce friction, which leads to a longer lifespan and reduced wear and tear on the vehicles. The growth of lubricants usage in the automotive industry is mainly due to an increasing demand for heavy duty vehicles and light passenger vehicles, and an increase in the average lifespan of the vehicles. As saving conventional resources and cutting emissions and energy have become central environmental matters, the lubricants are progressively attracting more consumer awareness. Greases are made by using oil (typically mineral oil) and mixing it with thickeners (such as lithium-based soaps). They may also contain additional lubricating particles, such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide, or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, aka Teflon). White grease is made from inedible hog fat and has a low content of free fatty acids. Yellow grease is made from darker parts of the hog and may include parts used to make white grease. Brown grease contains beef and mutton fats as well as hog fats. Synthetic grease may consist of synthetic oils containing standard soaps or may be a mixture of synthetic thickeners, or bases, in petroleum oils. Silicones are greases in which both the base and the oil are synthetic. Asia-Pacific represents the largest and the fastest growing market, with volume sales projected to grow at a CAGR of 5% over the analysis period. Automotive lubricants represents the largest product market, with engine oils generating a major chunk of the revenues. The market for industrial lubricants is supported by the huge demand for industrial engine oils and growing consumption of process oils. The major content of the book are Food and Technical Grade White Oils and Highly Refined Paraffins, Base Oils from Petroleum, Formulation of Automotive Lubricants, Lubricating Grease, Aviation Lubricants, Formulation and Structure of Lubricating Greases, Marine Lubricants, Industrial Lubricants, Refining of Petroleum, Lubricating Oils, Greases and Solid Lubricants, Refinery Products, Crude Distillation and Photographs of Machinery with Suppliers Contact Details. This book will be a mile stone for its readers who are new to this sector, will also find useful for professionals, entrepreneurs, those studying and researching in this important area. TAGS Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing, Production of Lubricants, Lube Oil Processing, Lubricating Oil Blending Plant and Production, How Lubricating Oil is made? Lubricants Manufacturing Plant, Lubricant Oil Production Business Plan, Lubricating Oil Blending, Production of Lubricating Oil, Lube Oil Production, Lubricating Oil Production, Lubricating Oils and Greases Processing, Lubricating Oil Manufacturing Company, Lubricants for Automotive Manufacturing of Lubricants for Automotive, Lubricant Oil Manufacturing Plant, Lubricant Oil Manufacturing Industry, Lubricating Oil Production Plant, Lubricants Refining and Manufacturing, Lubricant Production Process, Petroleum Oil Production, How to Start Lubricant Oil Production Company, Lube Oil Processing Plant, Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing, Grease Plant, Manufacturing of Lubricating Greases, Grease Manufacturing, Grease Manufacturing Plant, Grease & Oil Manufacturing Plant, Manufacture of Grease, Grease Manufacturing Unit, Grease Manufacturing Company, Grease Manufacturing Industry, Lubricating Oils and Greases, Petroleum Products Manufacturing, Petrochemical Products Manufacture, Petroleum Fuels Manufacturing, Production of Petroleum Products, Petroleum Products Manufacturing Plant, Lubricants and Other Petroleum Product Manufacturing, Petroleum Products Manufacturing Industry, Great Opportunity for Startup, Small Start-up Business Project, Best small and cottage scale industries, Startup India, Stand up India, Small Scale Industries, New small scale ideas for Lubricant Oil Manufacturing industry, Lubricant Oil Manufacturing Business Ideas you can start on your own, Indian Lubricant Oil Manufacturing industry, Small scale Lubricant Oil Manufacturing, Business Ideas for Grease Manufacturing Company, How to start Grease Manufacturing business, Starting Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing, Start Your Own Grease Manufacturing Business, Grease Manufacturing Business Plan, Business plan for Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing production, Small Scale Industries in India, Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing Based Small Business Ideas in India, Small Scale Industry You Can Start on Your Own, Business plan for small scale industries, Set up Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing, Profitable Small Scale Manufacturing, How to Start a Small Business in India, Free Manufacturing Business Plans, Small and Medium Scale Manufacturing, Profitable Small Business Industries Ideas, Business ideas for Startup

Download or read book Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants written by R. M. Mortier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use oflubricants began in ancient times and has developed into a major international business through the need to lubricate machines of increasing complexity. The impetus for lubricant development has arisen from need, so lubricatingpractice has preceded an understanding ofthe scientific principles. This is not surprising as the scientific basis of the technology is, by nature, highly complex and interdisciplinary. However, we believe that the under standing of lubricant phenomena will continue to be developed at a mol ecular level to meet future challenges. These challenges will include the control of emissions from internal combustion engines, the reduction of friction and wear in machinery, and continuing improvements to lubricant performanceand life-time. More recently, there has been an increased understanding of the chemical aspects of lubrication, which has complemented the knowledge and under standing gained through studies dealing with physics and engineering. This book aims to bring together this chemical information and present it in a practical way. It is written by chemists who are authorities in the various specialisations within the lubricating industry, and is intended to be of interest to chemists who may already be working in the lubricating industry or in academia, and who are seeking a chemist's view of lubrication. It will also be of benefit to engineers and technologists familiar with the industry who require a more fundamental understanding oflubricants.

Download or read book Manufacturing of Petroleum Products Petroleum Waxes Greases and Solid Lubricants Solid Fuels Gaseous Fuels Gasoline Diesel Fuel Oils Automotive Diesel and Aviation Fuels Lubricating Oils and Lubricating Greases written by NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2019-05-06 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The petroleum waxes are semi refined or fully refined products obtained during the processing of crude oil. According to their structure they are divided into macrocrystalline waxes (paraffin waxes) and microcrystalline waxes (ceresine, petrolatum, others). Grease, thick, oily lubricant consisting of inedible lard, the rendered fat of waste animal parts, or a petroleum-derived or synthetic oil containing a thickening agent. Greases of mineral or synthetic origin consist of a thickening agent dispersed in a liquid lubricant such as petroleum oil or a synthetic fluid. Diesel fuel, also called diesel oil, combustible liquid used as fuel for diesel engines, ordinarily obtained from fractions of crude oil that are less volatile than the fractions used in gasoline. Lubricating oil, sometimes simply called lubricant/lube, is a class of oils used to reduce the friction, heat, and wear between mechanical components that are in contact with each other. Lubricating oil is used in motorized vehicles, where it is known specifically as motor oil and transmission fluid. The global wax market was valued at around USD 9 billion in 2017 and is expected to reach approximately USD 12 billion in 2024, growing at a CAGR of slightly above 3.5% between 2018 and 2024.The India lubricant market is expected to register a CAGR of 4.64%, during the forecast period, 2018-2023. The major factors driving the growth of the market are the increasing vehicular production along with the growing industrial sector. The global market for lubricants is expected to reach USD 70.32 billion by 2020. The global grease market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 2.13% during the forecast period, 2018 - 2023.Aviation fuel market size will grow by over USD 34 billion during 2018-2022 Some of the fundamentals of the book are composition of the petroleum waxes, solvent extraction, greases and solid lubricants, solid fuels, other significant tests or properties, gaseous fuels, properties of waxes, gasoline, diesel fuel oils, automotive, diesel and aviation fuels, special processes for motor-fuel blending components, crude distillation, lubricating oils, lubricating greases, nature of lubricating oils, photographs of machinery with suppliers contact details A total guide to manufacturing and entrepreneurial success in one of todayÕs most lucrative petroleum industry. This book is one-stop guide to one of the fastest growing sectors of the petroleum industry, where opportunities abound for manufacturers, retailers, and entrepreneurs. This is the only complete handbook on the commercial production of petroleum products. It serves up a feast of how-to information, from concept to purchasing equipment.

Download or read book Modern Technology Of Oils Fats Its Derivatives 2nd Revised Edition written by NIIR Board and published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.. This book was released on 2013-02-05 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until recently fats and oils have been in surplus, and considered a relatively low value byproduct. Only recently have energy uses of fats and oils begun to be economically viable. Food value of fats and oils is still far above the energy value of fats and oils. Industrial and technical value of fats and oils is still above the energy value of fats and oils. Animal feeds value of fats and oils tends to remain below the energy value of fats and oils. With development of new technology oils and fats industry has undergone a number of changes and challenges that have prompted the development of new technologies, and processing techniques. Oils and fats constitute one of the major classes of food products. In fact oils and fats are almost omnipresent in food processing – whether naturally occurring in foods or added as ingredients for functional benefits and, despite the impression given by several sources to the contrary; they remain an essential part of the human diet. However, it is increasingly apparent that both the quantity and the quality of the fat consumed are vital to achieve a balanced diet. They are essential constituents of all forms of plant and animal life. Oils and fats occur naturally in many of our foods, such as dairy products, meats, poultry, and vegetable oil seeds. India is the biggest supplier of greater variety of vegetable oil and still the resources are abundant. The applications of oils are also seen in paints, varnishes and related products. Since the use of oils and fats in our daily life is very noticeable the market demands of these products are splendid. Special efforts has been made to include all the valuable information about the oils, fats and its derivatives which integrates all aspects of food oils and fats from chemistry to food processing to nutrition. The book includes sources, utilization and classification of oil and fats followed by the next chapter that contain details in physical properties of fat and fatty acids. Exquisite reactions of fat and fatty acids are also included in the later chapter. It also focuses majorly in fractionation of fat and fatty acids, solidification, homogenization and emulsification, extraction of fats and oils from the various sources, detail application in paints, varnishes, and related products is also included. It also provides accessible, concentrated information on the composition, properties, and uses of the oils derived as the major product followed by modifications of these oils that are commercially available by means of refining, bleaching and deodorization unit with detailed manufacturing process, flow diagram and other related information of important oils, fats and their derivatives. Special content on machinery equipment photographs along with supplier details has also been included. We hope that this book turns out to be considerate to all the entrepreneurs, technocrats, food technologists and others linked with this industry. 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Download or read book Modern Technology of Synthetic Resins Their Applications 2nd Revised Edition written by NIIR Board and published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.. This book was released on 2018-04-20 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthetic resin is typically manufactured using a chemical polymerization process. This process then results in the creation of polymers that are more stable and homogeneous than naturally occurring resin. Since they are more stable and are cheaper, various forms of synthetic resin are used in a variety of products such as plastics, paints, varnishes, and textiles. There are various kinds of synthetic resins; acetal resins, amino resins, casein resins, epoxy resins, hydrocarbon resins, polyamide resins, etc. The classic variety is epoxy resin, manufactured through polymerization, used as a thermoset polymer for adhesives and composites. Epoxy resin is two times stronger than concrete, seamless and waterproof. Polyamide resin is another example of synthetic resins. Polyamide resins are products of polymerization of an amino acid or the condensation of a diamine with a dicarboxylic acid. They are used for fibers, bristles, bearings, gears, molded objects, coatings, and adhesives. The term nylon formerly referred specifically to synthetic polyamides as a class. Because of many applications in mechanical engineering, nylons are considered engineering plastics. Resins are valued for their chemical properties and associated uses, such as the production of varnishes, adhesives, lacquers, paints, rubber and pharmaceutical uses. The applications of synthetic resins are seen in some important industries like paint industry, adhesive industry, the printing ink industry, the textile industry, the leather industry, the floor polish, paper, agricultural industry etc. As it can be seen that there is an enormous scope of application of resins hence it is one of the major field to venture. Synthetic Resins are materials with properties similar to natural plant resins. They are viscous liquids capable of hardening permanently. Chemically they are very different from resinous compounds secreted by plants. Synthetic resins are of several classes. The growth of the synthetic resins market can be attributed to the high demand from the packaging sector due to favorable properties, including lightweight and ability to act as an excellent barrier, which allows for their usage in applications such as barrier packaging, shrink wraps, and pharmaceutical packaging. The major contents of the book are properties, manufacturing process, formulae of synthetic resins and applications of synthetic resins, derivatives of resins, use of resins in polymer field, alkyd resin technology, epoxy resins, manufacture of polystyrene based ion-exchange, phenol formaldehyde reactions, polycarbonates resins, polyester coating compositions, synthetic rubbers, modification with synthetic resins, water-soluble polymers, cross-linking of water-soluble coatings etc. This book also contains the list of manufacturers and dealers of raw materials, list of Chemical Plant, Photographs of Machinery with Suppliers Contact Details, Sample Plant Layout and Process Flow Chart. The book will be very useful for new entrepreneurs, manufacturers of synthetic resins who can easily extract the relevant formulation and manufacturing process from the book. 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Download or read book Petroleum Petroleum Products Technology Handbook written by NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2019-05-04 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum asphalt is a sticky, black and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid that is present in most petroleum crude oils and in some natural deposits. Petroleum crude oil is a complex mixture of a great many different hydrocarbons. Refined petroleum products are derived from crude oils through processes such as catalytic cracking and fractional distillation. Refining is a necessary step before oil can be burned as fuel or used to create end products. Residual fuel oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons prepared by blending a residuum component with a flux stock which is a distillate component diluent, to give the desired viscosity of the fuel oil produced.Petroleum refining is the process of separating the many compoundspresent in crude petroleum.An Oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant wherecrude oil is processed and refined into more useful products The global Petroleum Asphalt market is valued at USD 48.8 Billion in 2017 and is expected to reach USD 77.67 Billion by the end of 2024, growing at a Growth Rate of 6.87% between 2017 and 2024.The global bunker fuel market was valued at $137,215.5 million in 2017 and is expected to reach $273,050.4 million by 2025, registering a CAGR of 9.4% from 2018 to 2025. Some of the fundamentals of the book are composition of radiation effects on lubricants, thermal cracking of pure saturatedhydrocarbons, petroleum asphalts, refinery products, refinery feedstocks, blending and compounding, oil refining, residual fuel oils, distillate heating oils, formulations of petroleum, photographs of machinery withsuppliers contact details. A total guide to manufacturing and entrepreneurial success in one of today's most lucrative petroleum industry. This book is one-stop guide to one of the fastest growing sectors of the petroleum industry, where opportunities abound for manufacturers, retailers, and entrepreneurs. This is the only complete handbook on the commercial production of petroleum products. It serves up a feast of how-to information, from concept to purchasing equipment.

Download or read book Epoxy Resins Technology Handbook Synthesis Epoxy Resin Adhesives Epoxy Coatings with Manufacturing Process and Machinery Equipment Details 3rd Revised Edition written by Dr. Himadri Panda and published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.. This book was released on 2022-07-07 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epoxy is a term used to denote both the basic components and the cured end products of epoxy resins, as well as a colloquial name for the epoxide functional group. Epoxy resin are a class of thermoset materials used extensively in structural and specialty composite applications because they offer a unique combination of properties that are unattainable with other thermoset resins. Epoxies are monomers or prepolymers that further reacts with curing agents to yield high performance thermosetting plastics. They have gained wide acceptance in protecting coatings, electrical and structural applications because of their exceptional combination of properties such as toughness, adhesion, chemical resistance and superior electrical properties. Epoxy resins are characterized by the presence of a three membered cycle ether group commonly referred to as an epoxy group 1,2-epoxide, or oxirane. The most widely used epoxy resins are diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol-A derived from bisphenol-A and epichlorohydrin. The market of epoxy resins are growing day by day. Today the total business of this product is more than 100 crores. Epoxy resins are used for about 75% of wind blades currently produced worldwide, while polyester resins account for the remaining 25%. A standard 1.5-MW (megawatt) wind turbine has approximately 10 tonnes of epoxy in its blades. Traditionally, the markets for epoxy resins have been driven by demand generated primarily in areas of adhesives, building and civil construction, electrical insulation, printed circuit boards, and protective coatings for consumer durables, amongst others. The major contents of the book are synthesis and characteristics of epoxy resin, manufacture of epoxy resins, epoxide curing reactions, the dynamic mechanical properties of epoxy resins, physical and chemical properties of epoxy resins, epoxy resin adhesives, epoxy resin coatings, epoxy coating give into water, electrical and electronic applications, analysis of epoxides and epoxy resins and the toxicology of epoxy resins. It will be a standard reference book for professionals and entrepreneurs. Those who are interested in this field can find the complete information from manufacture to final uses of epoxy resin. This presentation will be very helpful to new entrepreneurs, technocrats, research scholars, libraries and existing units.

Download or read book The Complete Technology Book on Vermiculture and Vermicompost Earthworm with Manufacturing Process Machinery Equipment Details Plant Layout written by Dr. Himadri Panda and published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.. This book was released on 2022-03-22 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advantage of vermicomposting is that it composts the wastes of rural areas. They clean our villages by using unnecessary organic and non-organic materials. Improves the texture of the soil and its ability to store water. Improves root growth and the multiplication of beneficial soil microorganisms by providing optimum aeration to the soil. Vermicompost (vermi-compost) is a mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, bedding materials, and vermicast created by the decomposition process using various species of worms, usually red wigglers, white worms, and other earthworms. This is known as vermicomposting, and the practise of raising worms for this purpose is known as vermiculture. Sewage treatment can also be done with vermicomposting. The Global Vermicompost Market is reach growing at a CAGR of 16.74%. The Growth of the global vermicompost market is caused by various factors, such as improved soil aeration, improved water holding capacity, better nutrient cycle, and enriched soil with micro-organism, helps in plant root growth and structure, enhanced germination. The vermicomposting method is used in organic farming. Increasing the use of sustainable agricultural practices, such as vermicomposting along with Government support for organic farming is significantly contributing to the global vermicompost market growth. Vermicompost offers plants with necessary nutrients and helps in plant diseases suppression. Worm castings often comprise 7 times more phosphorus, 11 times more potassium, and 5 times more nitrogen than ordinary soil, which are crucial minerals required for plant growth. Vermiculture and Vermicompost (Earthworm), as well as their manufacturing methods, are all covered in depth in this book. It also offers photos of equipment as well as contact information for industrial providers. This book is a one-stop shop for everything you need to know about the Vermiculture and Vermicompost (Earthworm) industry, which is ripe for manufacturers, merchants, and entrepreneurs. This is the only book that goes into great detail about Vermiculture and Vermicompost. It's a genuine feast of how-to material, from concept to equipment buying.

Download or read book The Complete Technology Book on Wax and Polishes Formulae Manufacturing Processes with Machinery Equipment Details 2nd Edition written by P. K. Chattopadhyay and published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.. This book was released on 2021-01-01 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wax is a simple lipid that is formed by the esterification of a long-chain alcohol and a fatty acid. The alcohol might have anything from 12 to 32 carbon atoms. Waxes are found as coats on leaves and stems in nature. The wax helps to keep the plant from losing too much water. Waxes are utilized in a variety of applications around the world, including packaging, coatings, cosmetics, foods, adhesives, inks, castings, crayons, chewing gum, polishes, and candles. Waxing and polishing serve very distinct purposes in terms of process detailing. Waxing is a method of protecting the paint on the exterior of a vehicle. However, Polishing is what is done after a wax to ensure that the vehicle has that glossy shine. Wax does this by smoothing out the painted surface by filling swirls and scratches with a protective coating. The worldwide wax market is growing at a rate of 2.8 percent per year. Over the forecast period, rising demand for wax in various applications such as candles, packaging, rubber & plastic processing, cosmetics & toiletries, fire logs, adhesives, building boards, medicines, and home & automotive polishes is expected to drive market expansion. The market for furniture polish is growing at a rate of 5.0 percent per year. Furniture polish is in high demand due to rising need for harm-resistant business and residential settings, increased furniture exports, and increased furniture production. This will propel the global furniture polish market forward. Increased disposable income, as well as government investments in infrastructure development. The major contents of the book are Vegetable Waxes, Paraffin Wax Compounds, Synthetic Mineral Waxes, Other Mineral Waxes, Polish, Abrasives, Metal Cleaners, Polishes, Microcrystalline Waxes, Photographs of Machinery with Suppliers Contact Details and Plant Layout & Process Flow Chart. A comprehensive reference to the Wax and Polishes industry's manufacturing and business success. This book serves as a one-stop shop for information on the Wax and Polishes business, which offers several prospects for producers, retailers, and entrepreneurs. This is the only book that covers the entire information of commercial wax and polish manufacture. It provides a feast of how-to knowledge, from concept through equipment purchase.

Download or read book The Complete Book on Resins Alkyd Amino Phenolic Polyurethane Epoxy Silicone Acrylic Paints Varnishes Pigments Additives Surface Coating Products with Formulae written by Dr. Himadri Panda and published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.. This book was released on 2022-02-23 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resin is a versatile material that can be utilized for a variety of applications. It's frequently utilized in durable castings, arts and crafts, flooring, countertops, and other applications. Resin is a good adhesive and can be used to produce plastics. The best approach to maintain a range of surfaces safe is to use industrial coatings. Surface coating is any mixture of film-forming materials, pigments, solvents, and other additives that, when applied to a surface and cured or dried, produces a thin functional and frequently decorative film. Paints, drying oils and varnishes, synthetic transparent coatings, and other items with the primary function of protecting an object's surface from the environment are examples of surface coatings. The global resin market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.4%. The growing demand for epoxy resin in the paints and coatings industry is driving the market. In addition, demand is likely to be driven by the growing use of epoxy in the electronics and electrical industries as an insulator and to protect components from dust, short-circuiting, and moisture. The rising demand for convenience and processed food and beverages is increasing the demand for packaging in both developed and emerging countries. Resins are used in internal coatings of cans to enhance the shelf life of canned food and beverages products. They are also used to protect and preserve the taste, texture, and colour of food and beverage products while preventing corrosion. Moreover, the increasing use of glass packaging is significantly contributing to the market growth as it uses resin to prevent corrosion in jars and bottles. The introduction of various stringent policies regarding food safety by several governments is increasing the use of epoxy resin, further fuelling the market growth. The book covers a variety of topics related to starting a Resin Business. It also includes images of the equipment and facility structure, as well as information on machinery suppliers. An in-depth look at the Resin Industry and how to start a business in it. This book is a one-stop shop for everything you need to know about the Resin Industry, which is rife with opportunities for manufacturers, merchants, and entrepreneurs. This is the only book on the market that covers the entire process of establishing a commercial Surface Coating facility. From concept to equipment acquisition, it's a wonderful feast of how-to information.

Download or read book The Complete Book on Waste Treatment Technologies Industrial Biomedical Water Electronic Municipal Household Kitchen Farm Animal Dairy Poultry Meat Fish Sea Food Industry Waste and Machinery Equipment Details 2nd Edition written by PROF. DR. MAHENDRA PAL and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2022-07-07 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waste management is a global problem that continues to increase with rapid industrialization, population growth, and economic development. As the world hurtles towards the urban future, the amount of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is growing very fast. Waste includes any solid material or material that is suspended dissolved or transported in water or deposited on land. Wastes are generally classified into solid, liquid, & gaseous and are broadly classified as household waste; municipal waste; commercial and non-hazardous industrial wastes; e- waste, hazardous (toxic) industrial wastes; construction and demolition waste; health care wastes – waste generated in health care facilities (e.g. hospitals, medical research facilities); human and animal wastes; and incinerator wastes. In the recent years, modern society has become more responsible when it comes to waste management. The fast industrialization, urbanization, modern technology, and rapidly growing population in India have posed a serious challenge to the waste management. In India, per capita generation rate of municipal solid waste ranges from 0.2 to 0.5 kg/day. At present, the daily generation rate in South Asia, East Asia and the Pacific combined is approximately 1.0 million tons per day. The current scenario reveals that there is a tremendous scope for the development of waste treatment technologies and is expected to offer significant opportunities in the near future. Sustainability of waste management is the key for providing an effective service that can satisfy the need of end users. Solid Waste Management sector in India has become a very lucrative sector for investors. With a growing urgency for efficient waste management in many cities, there will be more and more employment opportunities in the sector. The participation of different sectors, roll of Government and private organization is important for better management of waste. This book describes the various waste treatment technologies like; Physical treatment techniques, biological treatment techniques, anaerobic lagoon techniques etc. It will be a standard reference book for professionals, entrepreneurs, students, teachers, researchers, administrators, and planners of various disciplines who are directly or indirectly involved in the waste management.

Download or read book Modern Technology Of Milk Processing Dairy Products 4th Edition written by NIIR Board and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dairy industry plays an important role in our daily life. It is difficult to realize how fast changes are taking place in the dairy industry. Milk is an important human food, it is palatable, easy to digest and highly nutritive. One of the important factors affecting the total amount of milk produced and the way in which this milk is utilized is the demand for the various products. In order to prepare such a diversity of products, many different processes have been developed by the industry. There are numerous types of milk products such as ghee, butter, paneer, cheese, yogurt, ice cream powder, baby cereal food, cream, and so on. Each of these has been designed to take advantage of some particular property of milk. Dairy products are generally defined as food produced from the milk of mammals; they are usually high energy yielding food products. Enzymes play an important role in the production of cheese. Raw milk contains several native enzymes some of which can be used for analytical and quality purposes for example pasteurization can be assessed by determining indigenous alkaline phosphate activity. India is known as the Oyster of the global dairy industry, with opportunities galore to the entrepreneurs globally. Anyone might want to capitalize on the largest and fastest growing milk and milk products market. The dairy industry in India has been witnessing rapid growth. The liberalized economy provides more opportunities for MNCs and foreign investors to release the full potential of this industry. The main aim of the Indian dairy industry is only to better manage the national resources to enhance milk production and upgrade milk processing using innovative technologies. The major contents of the book are cholesterol, coronary heart disease and mil fat, cholesterol and cardio vascular diseases, fatty acids & cholesterol, factors affecting cardio vascular disease, application of enzymes in dairy and food processing, utilisation of milk components: casein, advances in the heat treatment of milk, varieties of sheep's cheese, whey cheese, potted cheese, filled cheese, testing butter at different stages, presentation of butter at different stages, condensed and evaporated milk, dried milk powder, skimmed powder, malted powder, butter powder, ghee yoghurt, technology processing of dairy and dairy products, dried milk shake, milk powder, dahi from sweet cream butter milk, packaging of dairy and milk products, dairy farm, dairy products & milk packaging in pouches, etc. Developments in the dairy industry are enough to justify a revision of a considerable amount of material in this book. This book deals with processes, formulae, project profiles, details of plant, machinery & raw materials with their resources etc. of various dairy products. This book will help all its readers from entrepreneurs to food industries, technocrats and scientists.

Download or read book Handbook on Biofuel Ethanol and Bioenergy Based Products Ethanol as Biofuel Methane Gas Biodiesel Biogas Biomass Gasification Bio Chemical Renewable Energy Clean Energy Activated Carbon Agricultural Residues Forestry Residues Animal Waste Wood Wastes Industrial Wastes Municipal Solid Wastes and Sewage with Machinery Manufacturing Process Equipment Details and Plant Layout written by P. K. Chattopadhyay and published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.. This book was released on 2022-01-12 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioenergy is biofuel-derived energy. Biofuel is any fuel made from biomass, such as plant or algal matter or animal waste. Biofuel is considered a renewable energy source since the feedstock material can be easily renewed, unlike fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas. Ethanol is a naturally occurring result of plant fermentation that may also be made by hydrating ethylene. Ethanol is a widely used industrial chemical that is employed as a solvent, in the production of other organic compounds, and as a fuel additive (forming a mixture known as a gasohol). Many alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, and distilled spirits, include ethanol as a psychoactive element. Transportation fuels generated from biomass resources, such as ethanol and biomass-based diesel, are known as biofuels. Using ethanol or biodiesel reduces the use of crude oil-based gasoline and diesel, potentially lowering the amount of crude oil imported from other nations. The global biofuels market is expected to reach growth at 7.3% CAGR. Increasing demand for biofuels as automobile fuel owing to their environment friendly characteristic to mitigate greenhouse gas emission is expected to propel industry growth. The global ethanol fuel market is expected to reach growing at a CAGR of 6.7%. The demand for the product is driven by growing usage of the product as a biofuel. The bioenergy market is expected to register a CAGR of over 6% during the forecast period. Bioenergy is one of the renewable energy sources globally. Increasing demand for energy, advancements in bioenergy conversion technologies, and increasing investment in bioenergy, and declining electricity generation costs from bioenergy facilities are expected to drive the market during the forecast period. The book covers a wide range of topics connected to Biofuel, Ethanol and Bioenergy Based Products, as well as their manufacturing processes. It also includes contact information for machinery suppliers, as well as images of equipment and plant layout. A complete guide on Biofuel, Ethanol and Bioenergy Based Products manufacture and entrepreneurship. This book serves as a one-stop shop for everything you need to know about the Biofuel, Ethanol and Bioenergy Based Products manufacturing industry, which is ripe with opportunity for manufacturers, merchants, and entrepreneurs. This is the only book that covers commercial Biofuel, Ethanol and Bioenergy Based Products in depth. From concept through equipment procurement, it is a veritable feast of how-to information.