Download or read book Modelling and Observations of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer of the Arctic Marginal Ice Zone written by Rhiannon Davies and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A numerical model of the atmospheric boundary layer over a marginal ice zone written by L.H. Kantha and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Numerical Modeling and Observations of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Over Sea Ice written by Marta Aleksandra Wenta and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ice at the Interface written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The atmosphere-ocean boundary layer in which sea ice resides includes many complex processes that require a more realistic treatment in GCMs, particularly as models move toward full earth system descriptions. The primary purpose of the workshop was to define and discuss such coupled processes from observational and modeling points of view, including insight from both the Arctic and Antarctic systems. The workshop met each of its overarching goals, including fostering collaboration among experimentalists, theorists and modelers, proposing modeling strategies, and ascertaining data availability and needs. Several scientific themes emerged from the workshop, such as the importance of episodic or extreme events, precipitation, stratification above and below the ice, and the marginal ice zone, whose seasonal Arctic migrations now traverse more territory than in the past.
Download or read book Air Mass Modification in the Marginal Ice Zone written by Theodore J Bennett (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A case study of the Andreas et al. (1984) data on atmospheric boundary layer modification in the marginal ice zone is made. Our model is a two-dimensional, multi-level, linear model with turbulence, lateral and vertical advection, and radiation. Good agreement between observed and modeled temperature cross-sections is obtained. In contrast to the hypothesis of Andreas et al., we find the air flow is stable to secondary circulations. Cloud top longwave cooling, not an air-to-surface heat flux, dominates the cooling of the boundary layer. The accumulation with fetch over the ice of changes in the surface wind field are shown to have a large effect on estimates of the surface wind stress. We speculate that the Andreas et al. estimates of the drag coefficient over the compact sea ice are too high. Keywords: Atmospheric boundary layers; and Air-sea-ice interaction.
Download or read book Air Ice Ocean Interaction written by Miles McPhee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-09-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when the polar regions are undergoing rapid and unprecedented change, understanding exchanges of momentum, heat and salt at the ice-ocean interface is critical for realistically predicting the future state of sea ice. By offering a measurement platform largely unaffected by surface waves, drifting sea ice provides a unique laboratory for studying aspects of geophysical boundary layer flows that are extremely difficult to measure elsewhere. This book draws on both extensive observations and theoretical principles to develop a concise description of the impact of stress, rotation, and buoyancy on the turbulence scales that control exchanges between the atmosphere and underlying ocean when sea ice is present. Several interesting and unique observational data sets are used to illustrate different aspects of ice-ocean interaction ranging from the impact of salt on melting in the Greenland Sea marginal ice zone, to how nonlinearities in the equation of state for seawater affect mixing in the Weddell Sea. The book’s content, developed from a series of lectures, may be appropriate additional material for upper-level undergraduates and first-year graduate students studying the geophysics of sea ice and planetary boundary layers.
Download or read book Atmospheric boundary layer modification in the marginal ice zone written by T.J. BENNETT and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Variability of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer in the Greenland Sea Marginal Ice Zone written by Karl L. Dinkler and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vertical structure of the atmospheric boundary layer in the East Greenland Sea/Fram Strait marginal ice zone (MIZ) is examined for various wind flow regimes with respect to the ice edge. Rawinsonde profiles and surface observations collected from three ships during MIZEX-87 (20 March - 11 April 1987) served as the data set for the examination. Three specific flow regimes are discussed: On-ice flow, off-ice flow, and flow parallel to the ice. On-ice flow resulted in deep, moist mixed layers capped by high weak inversions at the MIZ. Off-ice flow resulted in multiple surface and elevated inversions, with specific humidity highest within an elevated lower-tropospheric layer and dry regions near the surface and aloft. Parallel flow led to the development of strikingly different boundary layer regimes separated by the ice edge: Over ice, deep surface and elevated inversions were associated with alternating moist and dry layers in the lower troposphere; over water, multiple elevated inversions were associated with an elevated lower-tropospheric moist layer and dry regions near the surface and alot. Possible physical processes important for the development of the observed features are discussed. Theses. (fr).
Download or read book Marginal Ice Zone Bibliography written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insights Into The Challenges Of Modeling The Atmospheric Boundary Layer written by Esa-Matti Tastula and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work approaches the topic of modeling the atmospheric boundary layer in four research projects, which are summarized below. i) The diurnal cycles of near-surface meteorological parameters over Antarctic sea ice in six widely used atmospheric reanalyses were validated against observations from Ice Station Weddell. The station drifted from February through May 1992 and provided the most extensive set of meteorological observations ever collected in the Antarctic sea ice zone. For the radiative and turbulent surface fluxes, both the amplitude and shape of the diurnal cycles varied considerably among different reanalyses. Near-surface temperature, specific humidity, and wind speed in the reanalyses all featured small diurnal ranges, which, in most cases, fell within the uncertainties of the observed cycle. A skill score approach revealed the superiority of the ERA-Interim reanalysis in reproducing the observed diurnal cycles. An explanation for the shortcomings in the reanalyses is their failure to capture the diurnal cycle in cloud cover fraction, which leads to errors in other quantities as well. Apart from the diurnal cycles, NCEP-CFSR gave the best error statistics. ii) The accuracy of prediction of stable atmospheric boundary layers depends on the parameterization of the surface layer which is usually derived from the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory. In this study, several surface-layer models in the format of velocity and potential temperature Deacon numbers were compared to observations from CASES-99, Cardington, and Halley datasets. The comparisons were hindered by a large amount of scatter within and among datasets. Tests utilizing R2 demonstrated that the Quasi-Normal Scale Elimination (QNSE) theory exhibits the best overall performance. Further proof of this was provided by 1D simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of Sea Ice in Mediating Atmosphere ice ocean Momentum Transfer written by Samuel Dale Brenner and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ongoing loss of Arctic sea ice prompts questions about changes in momentum transfer across the atmosphere-ice-ocean system and potential climate feedback mechanisms, but the role of the ice in mediating that process is not fully understood. To address knowledge gaps about atmosphere-ice-ocean momentum transfer, this study makes use of in situ measurements collected during two recent observational campaigns in the Beaufort Sea: the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) program and the Stratified Ocean Dynamics of the Arctic (SODA) program. The research is presented in two parts.Part I develops data processing methods for instrumentation deployed as part of the SODA program while part II uses data from both programs to evaluate controls of sea ice on the ocean surface stress and the associated response in the ocean surface mixed layer (ML). Measurements of upper ocean properties can be challenging in the Arctic Ocean due to environmental conditions, including the need for moored instruments to avoid contact with sea ice. Part I of this work describes methods for developing usable data products from upward-looking Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measurements on the SODA moorings. This encompasses methods for creating combined data records from vertically-offset ADCPs on the same mooring chain and methods for using ADCPs to estimate surface ML depth and temperature. As ML depth and temperature measurements are not typically possible from subsurface moorings in the Arctic, the approach developed here provides considerable value and could be applied to other extant mooring records to recover information about ML property variability or trends. Building on these measurements, part II considers how sea ice properties, such as concentration and morphology, affect the transfer of momentum from the sea ice to the ocean and the associated upper-ocean dynamics. Ice-ocean drag coefficients, a measure of momentum transfer efficiency, calculated using a force-balance approach from the SODA mooring data show seasonal variations consistent with past observations, but at odds with previous model results.Tests of model parameterizations of drag based on direct observations of under-ice morphology reveal that the model-observation mismatch can be attributed to inaccuracies in empirical translations from bulk geometric properties to detailed geometry statistics, especially under-representation of floe sizes. The mooring measurements further show a seasonal upper-ocean response to surface stress, with minimal energy in ML inertial oscillations under sea ice cover. A simplified momentum budget for the coupled ice-ocean system shows that the seasonality stems from a combination of internal stress in the ice damping the oscillations and seasonal variability in the ocean ML depth. Finally, shipboard measurements from the MIZ program show the evolution of ice-edge-located freshwater front as it reacted to changes in the surface wind stress, raising questions about how sea ice might impact spatial heterogeneity of stress and how that might interact with frontal dynamics. This research shows that boundary layer dynamics and internal ice mechanics both play a role in mediating atmosphere-ice-ocean momentum transfer. The results suggest future trends of more "slippery" ice-ocean boundary layer, and decreasing internal sea ice stress, which could lead to increased sea ice drift speeds and more direct atmosphere-ocean coupling.
Download or read book Arctic Oceanography written by and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1995 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sea Ice written by David N. Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-06 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 20 years the study of the frozen Arctic and Southern Oceans and sub-arctic seas has progressed at a remarkable pace. This third edition of Sea Ice gives insight into the very latest understanding of the how sea ice is formed, how we measure (and model) its extent, the biology that lives within and associated with sea ice and the effect of climate change on its distribution. How sea ice influences the oceanography of underlying waters and the influences that sea ice has on humans living in Arctic regions are also discussed. Featuring twelve new chapters, this edition follows two previous editions (2001 and 2010), and the need for this latest update exhibits just how rapidly the science of sea ice is developing. The 27 chapters are written by a team of more than 50 of the worlds’ leading experts in their fields. These combine to make the book the most comprehensive introduction to the physics, chemistry, biology and geology of sea ice that there is. This third edition of Sea Ice will be a key resource for all policy makers, researchers and students who work with the frozen oceans and seas.
Download or read book Arctic Climate Change written by Peter Lemke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-22 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arctic is now experiencing some of the most rapid and severe climate change on earth. Over the next 100 years, climate change is expected to accelerate, contributing to major physical, ecological, social, and economic changes, many of which have already begun. Changes in arctic climate will also affect the rest of the world through increased global warming and rising sea levels. The volume addresses the following major topics: - Research results in observing aspects of the Arctic climate system and its processes across a range of time and space scales - Representation of cryospheric, atmospheric, and oceanic processes in models, including simulation of their interaction with coupled models - Our understanding of the role of the Arctic in the global climate system, its response to large-scale climate variations, and the processes involved.
Download or read book Physics and Chemistry of the Arctic Atmosphere written by Alexander Kokhanovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents current knowledge on chemistry and physics of Arctic atmosphere. Special attention is given to studies of the Arctic haze phenomenon, Arctic tropospheric clouds, Arctic fog, polar stratospheric and mesospheric clouds, atmospheric dynamics, thermodynamics and radiative transfer as related to the polar environment. The atmosphere-cryosphere feedbacks and atmospheric remote sensing techniques are presented in detail. The problems of climate change in the Arctic are also addressed.
Download or read book Atmospheric Measurements with Unmanned Aerial Systems UAS written by Marcelo I. Guzman and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first literature collection focused on the development and implementation of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) and their integration with sensors for atmospheric measurements on Earth. The research covered in the book combines chemical, physical, and meteorological measurements performed in field campaigns, as well as conceptual and laboratory work. Useful examples for the development of platforms and autonomous systems for environmental studies are provided, which demonstrate how careful the operation of sensors aboard UAS must be to gather information for remote sensing in the atmosphere. The work serves as a key collection of articles to introduce the topic to new researchers interested in the field, guide future studies, and motivate measurements to improve our understanding of the Earth’s complex atmosphere.
