Download or read book Modeling Tsunami Inundation for Hazard Mapping at Everett Washington from the Seattle Fault written by Christopher D. Chamberlin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report describes the process and results of tsunami inundation modeling for the city of Everett, Washington. The purpose of the present modeling work is to produce data for use in the development of tsunami inundation maps, as part of a tsunami mapping project funded by the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program. Puget Sound is known to be at risk for local tsunami events (González et al., 2003), and previous studies conducted by the NOAA Center for Tsunami Research (NCTR) have modeled the potential effects of tsunamis on the nearby cities of Seattle (Titov et al., 2003) and Tacoma (Venturato et al., 2007). The source scenarios investigated are two potentially tsunamigenic seismic events on the Seattle Fault, including one scenario previously modeled for Seattle and Tacoma"--Introduction. [doi:10.7289/V59Z92V0 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V59Z92V0)].
Download or read book Modeling Tsunami Inundation for Hazard Mapping at Everett Washington from the Seattle Fault written by Christopher D. Chamberlin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report describes the process and results of tsunami inundation modeling for the city of Everett, Washington. The purpose of the present modeling work is to produce data for use in the development of tsunami inundation maps, as part of a tsunami mapping project funded by the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program. Puget Sound is known to be at risk for local tsunami events (González et al., 2003), and previous studies conducted by the NOAA Center for Tsunami Research (NCTR) have modeled the potential effects of tsunamis on the nearby cities of Seattle (Titov et al., 2003) and Tacoma (Venturato et al., 2007). The source scenarios investigated are two potentially tsunamigenic seismic events on the Seattle Fault, including one scenario previously modeled for Seattle and Tacoma"--Introduction. [doi:10.7289/V59Z92V0 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V59Z92V0)].
Download or read book Tacoma Washington tsunami hazard mapping project modeling tsunami inundation from Tacoma and Seattle fault earthquakes written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tacoma Washington Tsunami Hazard Mapping Project written by A.J. Venturato and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tacoma Washington Tsunami Hazard Mapping Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Explanation of Mapping Methods and Use of the Tsunami Hazard Maps of the Oregon Coast written by George R. Priest and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tsunamis and Sea Levels of the Past Millennium in Puget Sound Washington written by Carolyn E. Garrison-Laney and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tidal marsh deposits in the Puget Sound area contain evidence for multiple earthquakes and tsunamis over the past 1,000 years. This dissertation focuses on evidence beneath a salt marsh at Lynch Cove, at the head of the Hood Canal about 40 kilometers southwest of Seattle. Previous work at this marsh described stratigraphic evidence for coseismic uplift and liquefaction from a crustal earthquake or earthquakes about 1,000 years ago. New findings from Lynch Cove include two anomalous silt layers interpreted as tsunami deposits that postdate the earthquake uplift and liquefaction. These layers are better explained by tsunamis than by storms or river floods, based on the layer morphology, extent, sedimentology, and microfossils. Radiocarbon ages of the two silt layers at Lynch Cove are 1690–1830 A.D. (120–260 cal yr BP, layer A), and 1170–1230 A.D. (720–780 cal yr BP, layer B). These ages more closely align with the ages of two Cascadia earthquakes than with any other known earthquake in the Puget Sound region within the last 1,000 years. These the silt layers may have been deposited by tsunamis generated by Cascadia subduction thrust earthquakes, as were likely correlative deposits at another tidal marsh at Discovery Bay, along the tsunami path between the Pacific Ocean and Hood Canal. This study improves the age ranges of the youngest six tsunami deposits at Discovery Bay, and compares them to layers A and B at Lynch Cove, and to the ages of known earthquakes and their secondary effects, including tsunamis and slope failures, of the last 1,200 years in the Pacific Northwest. Beds 1 and 3 at Discovery Bay are attributed to Cascadia subduction thrust tsunamis, and have radiocarbon ages that overlap with the ages of layers A and B at Lynch Cove. Discovery Bay Bed 2 has now been dated to 560-630 cal yr BP (1320-1390 A.D.). It is unclear why no corresponding deposit is present between layers A and B at Lynch Cove, and why no known 14th-century coseismic subsidence or tsunami is preserved at any of the Pacific coast estuaries of southern Washington. The source of the tsunami that deposited Discovery Bay Bed 2 remains to be determined. If the source was a rupture along the Cascadia subduction thrust, it may have been limited to an area offshore southern British Columbia and northern Washington, on the northern end of the subduction zone. To test whether Cascadia tsunamis could have deposited the silt layers at Lynch Cove and Discovery Bay, numerical tsunami simulations were run for three different rupture styles of great Cascadia earthquakes, a local Seattle fault tsunami, and a transoceanic tsunami from Alaska. The Cascadia earthquake tsunami simulations produced flow depths and current speeds sufficient to deposit the silt layers at both Lynch Cove and Discovery Bay, while the Seattle fault simulation did not. The Alaska tsunami simulation also produced flooding at Lynch Cove and Discovery Bay, in agreement with historical observations from 1964. Using the inferred tsunami deposits at Lynch Cove as time markers for great Cascadia earthquakes, the paleoecology of the last ~1,000 years is reconstructed using fossil diatoms to test whether Lynch Cove, 240 km inland of the deformation front, records any Cascadia earthquake cycle deformation. A diatom transfer function was developed by statistically comparing the fossil diatoms at Lynch Cove to a training set of modern intertidal diatoms from Puget Sound. Using this method, 31 paleomarsh surface elevations were reconstructed, and with radiocarbon ages, a relative sea level curve was constructed. An overall rise in relative sea level of about 2.5 m is estimated at Lynch Cove over the last 1,000 years, a rate that is faster than rates estimated by other Puget Sound studies. Superimposed on this overall relative sea level rise, paleomarsh surface elevations are observed to rise by about 25 cm prior to the deposition of both layers A and B. While these may record Cascadia preseismic deformation, these rises are within the error range of adjacent data points, so are inconclusive. Because of this, Lynch Cove marsh is interpreted as a location that probably does not record Cascadia earthquake cycle vertical deformation. Lynch Cove is the only forearc data point of vertical interseismic deformation for the Cascadia subduction zone, and these negative results provide an inland limit of earthquake cycle deformation. The findings of this research help to better understand hazards from Cascadia earthquakes and tsunamis in the Puget Sound region. The identification of paleotsunami deposits in Hood Canal identifies a tsunami hazard that was previously unknown. The tsunami simulations corroborate the geological evidence, and identify some areas in Puget Sound with greater tsunami hazard. This study also places constraints on the inland limit of Cascadia earthquake deformation. This is important for accurate estimates of areas of strong shaking, which influence earthquake hazard maps, and for geophysical models. This research also influences estimates of earthquake recurrence. If Bed 2 at Discovery Bay is from a northern Cascadia earthquake, recurrence rates at the northern end of the subduction zone may be shorter than current estimates.
Download or read book Validation of Predicted Inundation for the Inland Coast of the Salish Sea Associated with Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquakes written by Paige Morkner and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cascadia subduction zone is understood to produce large, Mw 9.0, earthquakes every 300-1000 years. As a result of large ruptures along the fault, Washington, Oregon and Northern California, are susceptible large tsunamis along the coast. Hazard modeling and mapping along the Cascadia subduction zone has concluded that large tsunamis are able to travel through the Strait of Juan de Fuca and inundate coastal regions of the Salish Sea and Puget Sound. However, to improve modeling efforts, field validation of models is required. Tsunamis can move material from the near shore and beach and deposit in low-laying coastal marshes and ponds, acting as a proxy for past tsunami inundation. This research focuses on two locations in the northern Puget Sound, Ship Harbor marsh Anacortes, and Eliza Island.
Download or read book Efficient Tsunami Simulation at Local and Global Scales written by Xinsheng Qin and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tsunami hazard evaluation and mitigation is of great importance to coastal communities around the world, especially after the frequent occurrence of large tsunamis in the past two decades. Many physical phenomena need to be modeled during a tsunami event, e.g. tsunami wave generation and propagation, coastal inundation, and forces on structures. Most of them are nonlinear and involve a wide range of length scales, and thus are challenging to model. In this dissertation, the ability of three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) models to capture tsunami forces on structures and flow through a constructed environment is first analyzed. Then the development of a GPU-accelerated hyperbolic partial differential equation (PDE) solver with adaptive mesh refinement (AMR), with application to solving several PDEs that govern different physical processes arising in tsunamis, is presented and discussed. Tsunami inundation is the final and most destructive phase of tsunami evolution that comes after tsunami wave propagation in the ocean. The numerical modeling of this phase that incorporates the constructed environment of coastal communities is challenging for both 2D and 3D models. Inundation and flooding in this region can be too complex for 2D models to capture properly, while for 3D models a very fine mesh is required to properly capture the physics, dramatically increasing the computational cost and rendering impractical modeling of some problems. To evaluate the capability of the current tsunami inundation models, comparisons are made between GeoClaw, a depth-integrated 2D model based on the nonlinear shallow water equations (NSWE), and the interFoam solver in OpenFOAM, a 3D model based on Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations for tsunami inundation modeling. The two models are first validated against existing experimental data of a bore impinging onto a single square column. Then they are used to simulate tsunami inundation in a physical wave tank model of Seaside, Oregon. The resulting flow parameters from the models are compared and discussed, and these results are used to extrapolate tsunami-induced force predictions and give guidance for the use of numerical models in other similar situations. Numerical modeling of tsunami processes is computationally expensive. Being able to do this faster means we can simulate a problem with higher resolution to potentially get more accurate result, simulate the same problem faster to send out tsunami warning earlier, or perform more tsunami simulations within a given time budget when doing probabilistic hazard assessment or studying the uncertainties of the process. Using Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) as implemented in GeoClaw speeds up the process by greatly reducing computational demands, while accelerating the code using the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) could do so through faster hardware but has not previously been implemented in GeoClaw. The second part of this dissertation presents an efficient CUDA implementation of the GeoClaw code. The code can model transoceanic tsunami simulation by using AMR and solving the shallow water equations in spherical coordinates. Numerical experiments of the 2011 Japan tsunami and a local tsunami triggered by a hypothetical Mw 7.3 earthquake on the Seattle Fault illustrate the correctness and efficiency of the code. The GPU implementation, when running on a single GPU, is observed to be 3.6 to 6.4 times faster than the original model running in parallel on a 16-core CPU. Three metrics are proposed to evaluate performance of the model, which shows efficient usage of hardware resources.
Download or read book Tsunami Hazard Map of the Southern Washington Coast written by Timothy Walsh and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tsunami Inundation Maps for King Cove and Cold Bay Communities Alaska written by E. N. Suleimani and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potential tsunami hazards for the Alaska Peninsula communities of King Cove and Cold Bay were evaluated by numerically modeling the extent of inundation from tsunami waves generated by hypothetical earthquake sources and taking into account historical observations. Worst-case hypothetical scenarios are defined by analyzing the tsunami dynamics related to various slip distributions along the Aleutian megathrust. Our results show that the worst-case scenarios for King Cove and Cold Bay are thrust earthquakes in the western Alaska Peninsula region, with magnitudes ranging from Mw 8.9 to Mw 9.3, which have their greatest slip at 10-20 km (6-12 mi) depth. We also consider Tohoku-type ruptures and an outer-rise rupture in the western Alaska Peninsula area. Results presented here are intended to provide guidance to local emergency management agencies in tsunami inundation assessment, evacuation planning, and public education to mitigate future tsunami hazards. this report we evaluate potential tsunami hazards for the southeastern Alaska community of Yakutat and numerically model the extent of inundation from tsunami waves generated by tectonic and landslide sources. We use numerical modeling of historic tsunami events at Yakutat, such as the tsunami triggered by the 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake, and the tsunami waves generated by the recent 2011 Tohoku earthquake, to verify the tsunami model. Potential hypothetical tsunami sources include variations of the extended 1964 rupture, megathrust earthquakes in the Prince William Sound and Alaska Peninsula regions, and earthquakes in the Yakatago-Yakutat area, including the historical September 10, 1899, earthquake. Local underwater landslide events in Monti Bay are also considered as possible tsunamigenic scenarios. Numerical modeling results, combined with historical observations in the region, are intended to provide guidance to local emergency management in tsunami hazard assessment, evacuation planning, and public education for the reduction of future tsunami risk.
Download or read book The Orphan Tsunami of 1700 written by Brian F. Atwater and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2016-04-18 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A puzzling tsunami entered Japanese history in January 1700. Samurai, merchants, and villagers wrote of minor flooding and damage. Some noted having felt no earthquake; they wondered what had set off the waves but had no way of knowing that the tsunami was spawned during an earthquake along the coast of northwestern North America. This orphan tsunami would not be linked to its parent earthquake until the mid-twentieth century, through an extraordinary series of discoveries in both North America and Japan. The Orphan Tsunami of 1700, now in its second edition, tells this scientific detective story through its North American and Japanese clues. The story underpins many of today�s precautions against earthquake and tsunami hazards in the Cascadia region of northwestern North America. The Japanese tsunami of March 2011 called attention to these hazards as a mirror image of the transpacific waves of January 1700. Hear Brian Atwater on NPR with Renee Montagne http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4629401
Download or read book Field Trip to Pliocene in the Ventura Basin written by Robert S. Yeats and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Source book for Volcanic hazards Zonation written by Dwight Raymond Crandell and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tsunami Loads and Effects written by Ian Nicol Robertson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author Ian Robertson provides a comprehensive, authoritative guide to the new tsunami design provisions of Standard ASCE/SEI 7-16 using a series of detailed examples based on prototypical buildings.
Download or read book Wikinomics written by Don Tapscott and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2008-04-17 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The acclaimed bestseller that's teaching the world about the power of mass collaboration. Translated into more than twenty languages and named one of the best business books of the year by reviewers around the world, Wikinomics has become essential reading for business people everywhere. It explains how mass collaboration is happening not just at Web sites like Wikipedia and YouTube, but at traditional companies that have embraced technology to breathe new life into their enterprises. This national bestseller reveals the nuances that drive wikinomics, and share fascinating stories of how masses of people (both paid and volunteer) are now creating TV news stories, sequencing the human gnome, remixing their favorite music, designing software, finding cures for diseases, editing school texts, inventing new cosmetics, and even building motorcycles.
Download or read book Information Needs of Communities written by Steven Waldman and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-09 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2009, a bipartisan Knight Commission found that while the broadband age is enabling an info. and commun. renaissance, local communities in particular are being unevenly served with critical info. about local issues. Soon after the Knight Commission delivered its findings, the FCC initiated a working group to identify crosscurrent and trend, and make recommendations on how the info. needs of communities can be met in a broadband world. This report by the FCC Working Group on the Info. Needs of Communities addresses the rapidly changing media landscape in a broadband age. Contents: Media Landscape; The Policy and Regulatory Landscape; Recommendations. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand report.
