Download or read book Modeling and Validation of Coastal Wastewater Effluent Plumes Using High Resolution Nonhydrostatic Regional Ocean Modeling System written by Minna Ho and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wastewater pipe module is developed and implemented into a high-resolution, nonhydrostatic circulation model, the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). Intermediate and far field dilution and plume rise height is validated to cross flow laboratory experiments of Roberts, Snyder, and Baumgartner. The domain and diffuser is modeled after Southern California Bight (SCB) discharge regions with idealized flat bottom topography, linearly density-stratified vertical profile, and uniform current to mimic laboratory setup in a scaled-up domain. Direct Froude number comparisons are made. Buoyant plume flow regimes are accurately reproduced, and dilution metrics are reasonably predicted for low Froude numbers (i.e., F 1). High Froude numbers require more distance away from pipe for accurate plume characteristics. Generally, low cross flow velocity simulations, consistent with typical SCB coastal currents, are reasonably well-resolved using the 3 meter nonhydrostatic ROMS model. High Froude number flows may require effluent input parameterization adjustment or additional spatial resolution.

Download or read book Numerical Modeling Of Water Waves In Coastal And Ocean Engineering written by Pablo Higuera and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2023-03-16 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique compendium introduces the field of numerical modelling of water waves. The topics included the most widely used water wave modelling approaches, presented in increasing order of complexity and categorized into phase-averaged and phase-resolving at the highest level.A comprehensive state-of-the-art review is provided for each chapter, comprising the historical development of the method, the most relevant models and their practical applications. A full description on the method's underlying assumptions and limitations are also provided. The final chapter features coupling among different models, outlining the different types of implementations, highlighting their pros and cons, and providing numerous relevant examples for full context.The useful reference text benefits professionals, researchers, academics, graduate and undergraduate students in wave mechanics in general and coastal and ocean engineering in particular.

Download or read book A Non hydrostatic Unstructured grid Finite volume Coastal Ocean Model System fvcom nh Development Validation and Application written by Zhigang Lai and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modeling and Plume Tracking Study of a Newfoundland Coastal Outfall written by Jihad Shanaa and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book High resolution Three dimensional Plume Modeling with Eulerian Atmospheric Chemistry and Transport Models written by Fernando Garcia Menendez and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eulerian chemical transport models are extensively used to steer environmental policy, forecast air quality and study atmospheric processes. However, the ability of these models to simulate concentrated atmospheric plumes, including fire-related smoke, may be limited. Wildland fires are important sources of air pollutants and can significantly affect air quality. Emissions released in wildfires and prescribed burns have been known to substantially increase the air pollution burden at urban locations across large regions. Air quality forecasts generated with numerical models can provide valuable information to environmental regulators and land managers about the potential impacts of fires. Eulerian models present an attractive framework to simulate the transport and transformation of fire emissions. Still, the limitations inherent to chemical transport models when applied to replicate smoke plumes must be identified and well understood to adequately interpret results and further improve the models' predictive skills. Here, a modeling framework centered on the Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system (CMAQ) is used to simulate several fire episodes that occurred in the Southeastern U.S. and investigate the sensitivity of fine particulate matter concentration predictions to various model inputs and parameters. Significant sources of uncertainty in the model are identified and discussed, including the spatiotemporal allocation of fire emissions and meteorological drivers. In addition, special attention is given to model grid resolution. Adaptive grid modeling is explored as a strategy to simulate fire-related plumes. An adaptive version of CMAQ, capable of dynamically restructuring the grid on which solution fields are estimated and providing refinement at the regions where accuracy is most dependent on resolution, is presented. The fully adaptive three-dimensional modeling technique can be applied to reach unprecedented levels of grid resolution and provide insight into plume dynamics unattainable with static grid models. Through this work the capability of current chemical transport models to replicate fire-related air quality impacts is evaluated, key research needs to achieve effective simulations are identified, and numerical tools designed to improve model performance are developed.

Download or read book A Numerical Study of the Mid field River Plume written by Kelly Lynne Cole and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Idealized and realistic simulations of the Merrimack River plume on the east coast of the U.S. are performed using the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). The effect of discharge, tides and rotation on the evolution of the tidal plume are examined. Experiments investigating the deceleration of the plume body through mixing and the relaxation of the tidal plume front are performed. Three primary findings result from this research. First, more ambient water interacts with the tidal plume front than source water. Because it takes several hours for source water to translate the plume and it is strongly diluted in the plume interior, only a small fraction of source water reaches the front. Therefore, the front is responsible for a small portion of mixing of the total ebb discharge. Second, the mouth and the tidal plume front communicate on an advective time scale. When the ebb discharge is stopped at the estuary mouth, the inertia of the discharge is enough to keep previously released source water necessary to sustain frontal propagation moving frontward. The front begins to slow when the withheld estuarine discharge is not supplied to the front. Third, the net plume mixing, defined as the total mixing of a parcel of source water before it enters the far-field, is altered by rotation. As discharge increases, an irrotational plume will exhibit an increasing trend in net mixing, while a rotational plume will exhibit a decreasing trend. These experiments bridge engineering and geophysical scale plume studies and provide a framework for understanding results reported in literature. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152637

Download or read book Eco Hydrodynamic Modelling of Primary Production in Coastal Waters and Lakes Using BLOOM written by F.J. Los and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2009-03-03 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many areas nutrient loadings to aquatic ecosystems have increased considerably as a result of population growth, industrial development and urbanisation. This has resulted in enhanced growth of phytoplankton, shifts in composition of the plankton community and changes in the structure of ecosystems, which are often considered to be objectionable. To help understanding these processes and to predict future conditions, a mathematical model, BLOOM, has been developed and applied since 1977. It simulates the biomass and composition of phytoplankton and macro algae in relation to the amount of nutrients, the under water light climate and grazing. It can be applied as a relatively simple screening tool, but also as part of advanced integrated modelling systems including additional hydrodynamic, suspended matter and habitat components. The model has been extensively validated, which means that its credibility was demonstrated systematically for certain types of applications. It has been applied as a supporting management tool to a very large number of aquatic systems worldwide: lakes, channel systems, estuaries, lagoons and coastal seas, using generic coefficients (one set for fresh water, one set for marine simulations) as much as possible. The principles of the model, its validation and a number of representative applications are described in Eco-Hydrodynamic Modelling of Primary Production in Coastal Waters and Lakes Using BLOOM.

Download or read book Modeling of Plume Rise and Dispersion The University of Salford Model U S P R written by Brian Henderson-Sellers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Monitoring of Effluent Plumes in Coastal Newfoundland written by Sara Adams and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mathematical Modeling for Outfall Plume Management Using AUVs written by Patricia Ramos and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-07 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A monitoring mission to study the shape and estimate initial dilution of the S. Jacinto outfall plume using an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle was performed on July 30, 2002. In order to reduce the uncertainty about plume location and concentrate the vehicle mission only in the hydrodynamic mixing zone, outputs of a near-field prediction model, based on effective real-time in situ measurements of current speed and direction and density stratification, were opportunistically used to specify in real time the mission transects. The surface characteristics of the outfall plume were found to be influenced strongly by the relatively weak stratification and low current velocities. Dilution was estimated using a TS-diagram with initial mixing lines between wastewater and ambient waters. In order to efficiently map the plume dispersion least-squares collocation method technique was applied. This book is an important reference in the field and tells how AUVs can provide high-quality measurements of physical properties of effluent plumes in a quite effective manner.

Download or read book Effluent Transport and Diffusion Models for the Coastal Zone written by David C. L. Lam and published by Springer. This book was released on 1984 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Farfield Modeling of the Boynton Inlet Plume Using Sulfur Hexafluoride as Tracer written by Joaquin Pire-Schmidt and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis and modeling of the coastal farfield behavior of inlet discharge plumes is the key to understanding the fate of pollutants discharged into the ocean. These plumes disperse in chaotic and unpredictable patterns. Theoretical models are based on the average conditions and calibrated to the results of tracer studies. Data and models for freshwater discharges in coastal ocean systems are limited because of the lack of adequate tracers. On February, 2007, a tracer study was conducted on the Boynton Inlet, Florida, using sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer. The objective of this study is to provide methods of analysis for the sample data collected during the experiment. The detected tracer concentrated in a bolus that migrated north of the inlet at velocities lower than predicted by the current data. The plume was successfully modeled with a Gaussian plume model, with 90% of the SF6 predictions having less than 4.6 pptr error.

Download or read book WATER QUALITY MODELING written by AUTHOR; R. MANIVANAN. and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Developing Efficient High order Transport Schemes for Cross scale Coupled Estuary ocean Modeling written by Fei Ye and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD) models have progressed greatly in simulating the world’s oceans and estuaries in the past three decades, thanks to the development of novel numerical algorithms and the advent of massively parallel high-performance computing platforms. Study of inter-related processes on multi-scales (e.g., between large-scale (remote) processes and small-scale (local) processes) has always been an important theme for GFD modeling. For this purpose, models based on unstructured-grid (UG) have shown great potential because of their superior abilities in enabling multi-resolution and in fitting geometry and boundary. Despite UG models’ successful applications on coastal systems, significant obstacles still exist that have so far prevented UG models from realizing their full cross-scale capability. The pressing issues include the computation overhead resulting from large contrasts in the spatial resolutions, and the relative lack of skill for UG model in the eddying regime. Specifically for our own implicit UG model (SCHISM), the transport solver often emerges as a major bottleneck for both accuracy and efficiency. The overall goal of this dissertation is two-fold. The first goal is to address the challenges in tracer transport by developing efficient high-order schemes for the transport processes and test them in the framework of a community supported modeling system (SCHISM: Semi-implicit Cross-scale Hydroscience Integrated System Model) for cross-scale processes. The second goal is to utilize the new schemes developed in this dissertation and elsewhere to build a bona fide cross-scale Chesapeake Bay model and use it to address some key knowledge gaps in the physical processes in this system and to better assist decision makers of coastal resource management. The work on numerical scheme development has resulted in two new high-order transport solvers. The first solver tackles the vertical transport that often imposes the most stringent constraint on model efficiency (Chapter 2). With an implicit method and two flux limiters in both space and time, the new TVD2 solver leads to a speed-up of 1.6-6.0 in various cross-scale applications as compared to traditional explicit methods, while achieving 2nd-order accuracy in both space and time. Together with a flexible vertical gridding system, the flow over steep slopes can be faithfully simulated efficiently and accurately without altering the underlying bathymetry. The second scheme aims at improving the model skill in the eddying ocean (Chapter 4). UG coastal models tend to under-resolve features like meso-scale eddies and meanders, and this issue is partially attributed to the numerical diffusion in the transport schemes that are originally developed for estuarine applications. To address this issue, a 3rd-order transport scheme based on WENO formulation is developed, and is demonstrated to improve the meso-scale features. The new solvers are then tested in the Chesapeake Bay and adjacent Atlantic Ocean on small, medium and large domains respectively, corresponding to the three main chapters of this dissertation (Chapter 2-4), with an ultimate goal of achieving a seamless cross-scale model from the Gulf Stream to the shallow regions in the Bay tributaries and sub-tributaries. We highlight the dominant role played by the bathymetry in nearshore systems and the detrimental effects of bathymetric smoothing commonly used in many coastal models (Chapter 3). With the new methods developed in this dissertation and elsewhere, the model has enabled the analyses on some important processes that are hard to quantify with traditional techniques, e.g., the effect of channel-shoal contrast on lateral circulation and salinity distribution, hypoxia volume, the influence of realistic bathymetry on the freshwater plume etc. Potential topics for future research are also discussed at the end. In addition, the new solvers have also been successfully exported to many other oceanic and nearshore systems around the world via user groups of our community modeling system (cf. ‘Publications’ under ‘schism.wiki’).

Download or read book Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Studies of Particle Laden Plumes from Wastewater Discharges written by Chunying Anna Li and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Studies of Particle-laden Plumes From Wastewater Discharges" by Chunying, Anna, Li, 李春穎, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3731864 Subjects: Sediment transport - Mathematical models Suspended sediments - Mathematical models Waste disposal in the ocean - Mathematical models Lagrange equations Jets - Fluid dynamics

Download or read book Estuarine and Coastal Modeling written by Malcolm L. Spaulding and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection contains 83 peer-reviewed papers presenting on marine environmental modeling presented at the 6th International Conference on Estuarine and Coastal Modeling, held in New Orleans, Louisiana, November 3-5, 1999.

Download or read book Characterization and Modeling of Plumes and Animal Plume Tracing in Wave Influenced Coastal Environments written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focused on understanding how peripheral and central encoding of chemical detection signals are accomplished, and determining which spatial and temporal properties of chemical plumes are of most importance to plume-tracing animals. Laboratory experiments were performed to examine the odor-tracing behavior of the stomatopod H. ensigera in unidirectional and wave-influenced flow environments, and correlated tracing maneuvers with the simultaneously-recorded characteristics of the odor plume at the position of the animals' olfactory antennules. We also performed a combination field data collection/modeling research program to characterize the dynamics of a plume from a near-bed source in near-coastal waters. It was found that odor plumes in both unidirectional and wave-affected flow consist of very thin filaments of high concentration interspersed with clean water, but odor filaments encountered by the antennules have both a higher maximum odor concentration and a higher mean odor concentration in wave-affected flows. This is the first recording of the exact chemical information an animal is getting as it navigates to a source in a realistic flow environment. The field experiments revealed that the plume's vertical extent is entirely determined by the source height and the thickness of the near bottom mixed layer, which is set by the local stratification.