Download or read book The Guaran and Their Missions written by Julia J. S. Sarreal and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thirty Guaraní missions of the Río de la Plata were the largest and most prosperous of all the Catholic missions established throughout the frontier regions of the Americas to convert, acculturate, and incorporate indigenous peoples and their lands into the Spanish and Portuguese empires. But between 1768 and 1800, the mission population fell by almost half and the economy became insolvent. This unique socioeconomic history provides a coherent and comprehensive explanation for the missions' operation and decline, providing readers with an understanding of the material changes experienced by the Guaraní in their day-to-day lives. Although the mission economy funded operations, sustained the population, and influenced daily routines, scholars have not focused on this important aspect of Guaraní history, primarily producing studies of religious and cultural change. This book employs mission account books, letters, and other archival materials to trace the Guaraní mission work regime and to examine how the Guaraní shaped the mission economy. These materials enable the author to poke holes in longheld beliefs about Jesuit mission management and offer original arguments regarding the Bourbon reforms that ultimately made the missions unsustainable.

Download or read book Why Have You Come Here written by Nicholas P. Cushner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-08-03 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Christian evangelism was the ostensible motive for much of the early European interaction with the indigenous population of America. The religious orders of the Catholic Church were the front-line representatives of Western culture and the ones who met indigenous America face-to-face. They were also the primary agents of religious change. In this book, Nicholas Cushner provides the first comprehensive overview and analysis of the American missionary activities of the Jesuits. From the North American encounter with the Indians of Florida in 1565, through Mexico, New France, the Paraguay Reductions, Andean Perus, to contact with Native Americans in Maryland on the eve of the American Revolution, members of the order interacted with both native elites and colonizers. Drawing on the abundant documentation of and scholarship about these encounters, Cushner examines how the Jesuits behaved toward the indigenous population and analyzes the way in which native belief systems were replaced by Christianity. He seeks to understand how and why the initial European-Indian encounter changed not only the religion of the natives, but also their material culture, economic activity, social organization, and even their sexual behavior. Always sensitive to the influence of European "cultural filters" on Jesuit accounts, Cushner attempts as far as possible to discover the authentic voices of the Native Americans with whom they interacted. The result is a fascinating and highly accessible introduction to the earliest colonial encounters in the Americas.

Download or read book Customised Books in Early Modern Europe and the Americas 1400 1700 written by Christopher D. Fletcher and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-12-28 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Customised Books in Early Modern Europe and the Americas, 1400‒1700 examines the form, function, and meaning of alterations made by users to the physical structure of their book, through insertion or interpolation, subtraction or deletion, adjustments in the ordering of folios or quires, amendments of image or text. Although our primary interest is in printed books and print series bound like books, we also consider selected manuscripts since meaningful alterations made to incunabula and early printed books often followed the patterns such changes took in late fourteenth- and fifteenth-century codices. Throughout Customised Books the emphasis falls on the hermeneutic functions of the modifications made by makers and users to their manuscripts and books. Contributors: B. Boler Hunter, T. Cummins, A. Dlabačova, K.A.E. Enenkel, C.D. Fletcher, P.F. Gehl, P. Germano Leal, J. Kiliańczyk-Zięba, J. Koguciuk, A. van Leerdam, S. Leitch, S. McKeown, W.S. Melion, K. Michael, S. Midanik, B. Purkaple, J. Rosenholtz-Witt, B.L. Rothstein, M.R. Wade, and G. Warnar.

Download or read book The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the Jesuits written by Armstrong, Megan and Corkery, James , SJ, and Fleming, Alison and Worcester, Thomas SJ Prieto, Andrés Ignacio Shea, Henry , SJ and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on with total page 2302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Rise and Fall of the Paraguayan Republic 1800 1870 written by John Hoyt Williams and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-11-11 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paraguay plays a very small role in the modern world, but for part of the nineteenth century it was a significant regional force. Between 1800 and 1865 it changed from an imperial backwater into a dynamic, dictator-led, financially sound nation. Then came the terrible War of the Triple Alliance, and by 1870 Paraguay had virtually been destroyed. John Hoyt Williams re-creates the era’s people, places, and events in rich detail and a vigorous style, but this is much more than a mere narrative. His archival research in Paraguay and several other countries enables him to offer new facts and interpretations, correct a number of misapprehensions, and explode a few myths. He also provides the clearest, most objective portraits available of the three extraordinary men who ruled Paraguay during this time: Dr. José Gaspar de Francia, “El Supremo”; Carlos Antonio López, “the Corpulent Despot”; and López’s flamboyant son Francisco Solano López. Discussions of social, economic, and cultural conditions round out a masterly account of a remarkable historical period.

Download or read book Based on a True Story written by Donald F. Stevens and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 1998-07-01 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining history with discussions of dramatic cinema, Based on a True Story: Latin American History at the Movies examines how film has portrayed Latin America from the late fifteenth century to the present. The book opens with an introduction on the visual presentation of the past in the movies, while the rest of the book consists of essays that explore the best feature films on Latin America from the professional historian's perspective.

Download or read book Pastoral Care and Monasticism in Latin Christianity and Japanese Buddhism ca 800 1650 written by Toshio Ohnuki, Gert Melville, Yuichi Akae, Kazuhisa Takeda and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monasticism has a special position in the history of pastoral care. It produced innovations in various aspects of pastoral care despite, or more precisely, because of its isolation in legal or social terms from the secular world. The thirteen papers contained in this volume will reveal that there was a great variety in the ways pastoral care continued to be practised by monasticism, depending on time, space, and the nature of each religious order. Adopting a comparative approach, their historical and geographical range of investigation is not limited to medieval Europe but expands to the Americas and even to Japan in the early Modern Age. This volume bases on a conference held on 1 and 2 March 2019 at Okayama University, Japan, as part of the close collaboration between a Japanese research group on Christian/Buddhist religious movements and the Research Project "Monasteries in the High Middle Ages: Innovation Laboratories for European Life Designs and Regulatory Models" of the Saxon and the Heidelberg Academies of Sciences and Humanities, as well as the Research Center for Comparative History of Religious Orders (FOVOG, Dresden).

Download or read book Festivals and Heritage in Latin America written by Fabiana Lopes da Cunha and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-16 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores a variety of heritage dialogues, from global and specific approaches, combining different views, perceptions and senses. Following the first volume on Latin American Heritage as published in this book series in 2019, this new volume focuses on music, dance and railway heritage, considering artistic, archaeological, natural, ethnological and industrial aspects. It is divided into four thematic sections – 1) parties and cultural heritage, 2) railway heritage and museums, 3) archaeological heritage and tourism, and 4) cultural landscape and tourism – and presents chapters on a diverse range of topics, from samba and cultural identities in Rio de Janeiro and London to the "musealization" of railway assets, the history of Antarctic archaeology, the value of scenic landscapes and urban memory in Spain, and the cultural landscape of Brazil. This unique book explores a variety of heritage dialogues, pursuing global and specific approaches, and combining different views, perceptions and senses, including video fragments.

Download or read book Exploring Utopia written by John C. Fernandes and published by aurelia rivera libros. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Society of Jesus was formed by Ignatius Loyola and six friends in Paris in 1534 and approved by Pope Paul III in 1540. The order grew to become one of the biggest and most widespread within the Roman Catholic church. The Society's strength led to suspicion, distrust and campaigns of humiliation. Portugal banished the Jesuits in 1759. Charles III expelled all Jesuits from Spanish territories in 1767. Pope Clement XIV abolished the Society as a corporate form in July 1773. Yet the Jesuits had introduced the first printing press in the Missions as from 1700 compared with 1780 in Buenos Aires and 1808 in Brazil. Through the Guarani knowledge and jesuits learning Europe was informed about hundreds of previously unknown plants, many of them with medicinal benefits. In the 21st century the plants are still sought after by the world's major pharmaceutical corporations. But it was the stone-age Guarani who had names for 1100 plants!

Download or read book Science in the Vanished Arcadia written by Miguel de Asúa and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Science in the Vanished Miguel de Asúa provides the first modern comprehensive account of Jesuit science in the missions of Paraguay and the River Plate region during the 17th and 18th centuries. Focusing on individual Jesuits and underlining the relationships of their work to the religious goals of the Society of Jesus, the book covers the disciplines of natural history, cartography, medical botany, astronomy and the topics pursued by the former missionaries in their Italian exile. Based on many so far unexplored manuscripts and a vast corpus of primary sources, the book argues the existence of a tradition of research on nature consistent with universal Jesuit science and at the same time original in its articulation of Western learning and aboriginal lore on nature.

Download or read book Cultures of Devotion written by Frank Graziano and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spanish America has produced numerous "folk saints" -- venerated figures regarded as miraculous but not officially recognized by the Catholic Church. Some of these have huge national cults with hundreds -- perhaps millions -- of devotees. In this book Frank Graziano provides the first overview in any language of these saints, offering in-depth studies of the beliefs, rituals, and devotions surrounding seven representative figures. These case studies are illuminated by comparisons to some hundred additional saints from contemporary Spanish America. Among the six primary cases are Difunta Correa, at whose shrines devotees offer bottles of water and used auto parts in commemoration of her tragic death in the Argentinean desert. Gaucho Gil is only one of many gaucho saints, whose characteristic narrative involves political injustice and Robin-Hood crimes on behalf of the exploited people. The widespread cult of the Mexican saint Nino Fidencio is based on faith healing performed by devotees who channel his powers. Nino Compadrito is an elegantly dressed skeleton of a child, whose miraculous powers are derived in part from an Andean belief in the power of the skull of one who has suffered a tragic death. Graziano draws upon site visits and extensive interviews with devotees, archival material, media reports, and documentaries to produce vivid portraits of these fascinating popular movements. In the process he sheds new light on the often fraught relationship between orthodox Catholicism and folk beliefs and on an important and little-studied facet of the dynamic culture of contemporary Spanish America.

Download or read book Spain and Portugal in the New World written by Lyle N. McAlister and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spain and Portugal in the New World, 1492-1700 was first published in 1984. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions. Spanish and Portuguese expansion substantially altered the social, political, and economic contours of the modern world. In his book, Lyle McAlister provides a narrative and interpretive history of the exploration and settlement of the Americas by Spain and Portugal. McAlister divides this period (and the book) into three parts. First, he describes the formation of Old World societies with particular attention to those features that influenced the directions and forms of overseas expansion. Second, he traces the dynamic processes of conquest and colonization that between 1492 and about 1570 firmly established Spanish and Portuguese dominion in the New World. The third part deals with colonial growth and consolidation down to about 1700. McAlister's main themes are: the post-conquest territorial expansion that established the limits of what later came to be called Latin America, the emergence of distinctively Spanish and Portuguese American societies and economies, the formation of systems of imperial control and exploitation, and the ways in which conflicts between imperial and American interests were reconciled. This comprehensive history, with its extensive bibliographic essay and attention to historiographic issues, will be a standard reference for students and scholars of the period.

Download or read book Jesuits and Asian Goods in the Iberian Empires 1580 1700 written by Pedro Omar Svriz-Wucherer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-29 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the exchange relations between the colonies of the Iberian Empires, starting from two cities ports, Buenos Aires and Macau in the period 1580-1700. Agents, who were not professional traders such as the members of the Society of Jesus, and the circulation and consumption of Asian goods in the local populations of Buenos Aires and Macau, were analyzed. Both cases of study will show us how these non-state agents- the Jesuits- build their own networks and exchange channels to Chinese goods distribution (i.e silk, porcelain, musk, amber and others) between Asia and Latin American. This book intends to break with the local scheme of Jesuit studies in order to combine the local scale with analysis of inter-regional processes on a continental scale, from a comparative perspective.

Download or read book South Brazilian Grasslands written by Gerhard Ernst Overbeck and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-15 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the South Brazilian grasslands, a unique complex of ecosystems in Brazil. Despite high biodiversity and many important ecosystem services, their biodiversity and conservation are neglected, both nationally, and globally. This book provides a state-of-the-art synthesis of knowledge on the biodiversity and its drivers in South Brazilian grasslands and associated ecosystems. Further, the book discusses conservation challenges and options, as well as management strategies that help to maintain the region’s uniqueness. The chapters present information on biodiversity and ecological features of the region, and put this information into the context of historical and current human land uses, allowing for links to global discussions of conservation and sustainable development. Altogether, the book contains 20 chapters organized in four sections. The book is directed at researchers, students and professionals working with biodiversity and sustainable development in southern Brazil, as well as to the international scientific and conservation community interested in grasslands and associated ecosystems, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions.

Download or read book The Hidden Century written by Hugo Benjamin López and published by Tinta Libre Ediciones. This book was released on 2022-10-03 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a detailed and chronological literary journey, the author exposes with mastery and dynamism, the historical facts about Iguazu, occurred in a century (1541 - 1641) that has been, for an incomprehensible reason, systematically hidden from society and kept out of the classrooms. Each of the facts are firmly supported by primary and research sources, which make the work a must-read to learn more about the identity of the Iguazu region.

Download or read book Missionizing on the Edge written by Francismar Alex Lopes de Carvalho and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-12-28 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study into how native Amazonians experienced and shaped life in missions in its different facets. The book focuses on the missions of Maynas during the Jesuit administration, from 1638 to 1768.

Download or read book The Jesuits written by John W. O'Malley and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2016-01-28 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years scholars in a range of disciplines have begun to re-evaluate the history of the Society of Jesus. Approaching the subject with new questions and methods, they have reconsidered the importance of the Society in many sectors, including those related to the sciences and the arts. They have also looked at the Jesuits as emblematic of certain traits of early modern Europeans, especially as those Europeans interacted with 'the Other' in Asia and the Americas. Originating in an international conference held at Boston College in 1997, the thirty-five essays here reflect this new historiographical trend. Focusing on the Old Society- the Society before its suppression in 1773 by papal edict- they examine the worldwide Jesuit undertaking in such fields as music, art, architecture, devotional writing, mathematics, physics, astronomy, natural history, public performance, and education, and they give special attention to the Jesuits' interaction with non-European cultures, in North and South America, China, India, and the Philippines. A picture emerges not only of the individual Jesuit, who might be missionary, diplomat, architect, and playwright over the course of his life in the Society, but also of the immense and many-faceted Jesuit enterprise as forming a kind of 'cultural ecosystem'. The Jesuits of the Old Society liked to think they had a way of proceeding special to themselves. The question, Was there a Jesuit style, a Jesuit corporate culture? is the thread that runs through this interdisciplinary collection of studies.