Download or read book Minimizing Potential Threats from Iran written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Minimizing Potential Threats from Iran written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Minimizing Potential Threats from Iran written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Minimizing Potential Threats from Iran written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Iran s Security Policy in the Post Revolutionary Era written by Daniel Byman and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2001-05-09 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Religion, nationalism, ethnicity, economics, and geopolitics all are important in explaining Iran's goals and tactics in its relationship with the outside world, as are the agendas of key security institutions and the ambitions of their leaders. This report assesses Iran's security policy in light of these factors. It examines broad drivers of Iran's security policy, describes important security institutions, explores decisionmaking, and reviews Iran's relations with key countries. The authors conclude that Iraq is widely recognized as the leading threat to Iran's Islamic regime and Afghanistan is seen as an emerging threat. In contrast, Iran has solid, if not necessarily warm, relations with Syria and established working ties to Pakistan and Russia. Iran's policies toward its neighbors are increasingly prudent: It is trying to calm regional tension and end its isolation, although its policies toward Israel and the United States are often an exception to this policy. Iran's security forces, particularly the regular military, are often voices of restraint, preferring shows of force to overactive confrontations. Finally, Iran's security forces generally respect and follow the wishes of Iran's civilian leadership; conducting rogue operations is rare to nonexistent.

Download or read book Addressing Potential Threats from Iran written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comprehensive Iran Sanctions Accountability and Divestment Act of 2009 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Politics of International Economic Law written by Tomer Broude and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-07 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do politics and international economic law interact with each other? Financial crises and shifts in global economic patterns have refocused our attention on how the fingerprints of the 'visible hand' can be seen all over the institutions that underpin the rules of globalization. From trade and investment to finance, governments are under pressure to enforce, resist and rewrite international economic law. Lawyers have seldom given enough attention to the influence of politics on law, whereas political scientists have had an on-again, off-again fascination with how the law influences relations among states. This book leads the way toward filling this interdisciplinary gap, through a series of important studies written by leaders in the field on specific problems in international economic relations. The book demonstrates a variety of ways in which the international political-economic nexus may be researched and understood.

Download or read book Report on the Activities of the Committee on Banking Housing and Urban Affairs of the United States Senate During the Congress Pursuant to Rule XXVI of the Standing Rules of the United States Senate written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book United States and the Iranian Nuclear Programme written by Steven Hurst and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Steven Hurst traces the development of the US - Iranian nuclear weapon crisis from the conception of Iran's nuclear programme in 1957 to the signing of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in 2015. Hurst adopts a broader perspective on the Iranian nuclear programme and explains the continued failure of the USA to halt it.

Download or read book Bipartisanship and US Foreign Policy written by Jordan Tama and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-08 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an era of ever-increasing polarization in the US Congress, American foreign policy remains marked by frequent bipartisanship. In Bipartisanship and US Foreign Policy, Jordan Tama shows that, even as polarization in American politics reaches new heights, Democrats and Republicans in Washington continue to cooperate on important international issues. Looking closely at congressional voting patterns and recent debates over military action, economic sanctions, international trade, and foreign policy spending, Tama reveals that bipartisanship remains surprisingly common when US elected officials turn their attention overseas. Yet bipartisanship today rarely involves complete unity. Instead, bipartisan coalitions spanning members of both parties often coexist with intra-party divisions or disagreement between Congress and the president, making it difficult for the United States to speak with one voice on the global stage. Drawing on new data and interviews of more than 100 foreign policy practitioners, this book documents the persistence of bipartisanship on international issues and highlights key factors that facilitate or impede cooperation on foreign policy challenges.

Download or read book Legislative Calendar written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Getting Ready for Nuclear Ready Iran written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little more than a year ago, the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center (NPEC) completed its initial analysis of Iran's nuclear program, Checking Iran's Nuclear Ambitions. Since then, Tehran's nuclear activities and public diplomacy have only affirmed what this analysis first suggested: Iran is not about to give up its effort to make nuclear fuel and, thereby, come within days of acquiring a nuclear bomb. Iran's continued pursuit of uranium enrichment and plutonium recycling puts a premium on asking what a more confident nuclear-ready Iran might confront us with and what we might do now to hedge against these threats. These questions are the focus of this volume. The book is divided into four parts. The first presents the endings of the NPEC's working group on Iran. It reflects interviews with government officials and outside specialists and the work of some 20 regional security experts whom NPEC convened in Washington to discuss the commissioned research that is contained in this book. Some of this report's endings to keep Iran and others from overtly deploying nuclear weapons or leaving the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) are beginning to gain official support. The U.S. Government, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and an increasing number of allies now support the idea that states that violate the NPT be held accountable for their transgressions, even if they should withdraw from the treaty. There also has been increased internal governmental discussion about the need to clarify what should be permitted under the rubric of "peaceful" nuclear energy as delineated under the NPT. The remaining report recommendations, which were presented in testimony before Congress in March of 2005, remain to be acted upon.

Download or read book A Single Roll of the Dice written by Trita Parsi and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-24 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Have the diplomatic efforts of the Obama administration toward Iran failed? Was the Bush administration's emphasis on military intervention, refusal to negotiate, and pursuit of regime change a better approach? How can the United States best address the ongoing turmoil in Tehran? This book provides a definitive and comprehensive analysis of the Obama administration's early diplomatic outreach to Iran and discusses the best way to move toward more positive relations between the two discordant states. Trita Parsi, a Middle East foreign policy expert with extensive Capitol Hill and United Nations experience, interviewed 70 high-ranking officials from the U.S., Iran, Europe, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Brazil—including the top American and Iranian negotiators—for this book. Parsi uncovers the previously unknown story of American and Iranian negotiations during Obama's early years as president, the calculations behind the two nations' dealings, and the real reasons for their current stalemate. Contrary to prevailing opinion, Parsi contends that diplomacy has not been fully tried. For various reasons, Obama's diplomacy ended up being a single roll of the dice. It had to work either immediately—or not at all. Persistence and perseverance are keys to any negotiation. Neither Iran nor the U.S. had them in 2009.

Download or read book Between Crime and War written by Jens David Ohlin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The threat posed by the recent rise of transnational non-state armed groups does not fit easily within either of the two basic paradigms for state responses to violence. The crime paradigm focuses on the interception of demonstrable immediate threats to the safety of others. Its aim is to protect specific persons and members of the general public from violence by identifiable individuals, who may be acting alone or in concert. In pursuit of this aim, the state uses police operations and the criminal justice system. Both of these tools are governed by human rights principles that significantly constrain state power. A state may not restrict liberty unless it has demonstrable evidence that an individual may pose a danger to others. It may not use force if other means will be effective to stop a threat. If using force is unavoidable, it must be the minimum amount necessary. Furthermore, a state generally may not take life unless no other measure will intercept an immediate threat to life"--

Download or read book Digest of United States Practice in International Law 2009 written by Elizabeth R. Wilcox and published by . This book was released on 2011-04-07 with total page 925 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Co-published by Oxford University Press and the International Law Institute, and prepared by the Office of the Legal Adviser at the Department of State, the Digest of United States Practice in International Law presents an annual compilation of documents and commentary highlighting significant developments in public and private international law, and is an invaluable resource for practitioners and scholars in the field. Each edition compiles excerpts from documents such as treaties, diplomatic notes and correspondence, legal opinion letters, judicial decisions, Senate committee reports and press releases. Each document is selected by members of the Legal Adviser's Office of the U.S. Department of State, based on their judgments about the significance of the issues, their potential relevance to future situations, and their likely interest to scholars and practitioners. In almost every case, the commentary to each excerpt is accompanied by a citation to the full text. Featured in the 2009 Digest are excerpts from and discussion of numerous documents relating to issues of current interest, including the following: * Final Rule issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services eliminating ban on people with HIV from entering the United States, 74 Fed. Reg. 56,547 (Nov. 2, 2009) (Chapter 1, Nationality, Citizenship, and Immigration) * U.S. federal court decisions involving First Amendment challenges to district court decisions upholding denials of visas to individuals accused of having contributed funds to terrorist organizations (e.g., the Second Circuit vacated and remanded a district court's decision upholding the denial of a visa to Muslim scholar Tariq Ramadan (American Academy v. Napolitano, 573 F.3d 115 (2d Cir. 2009)) (Chapter 1, Nationality, Citizenship, and Immigration) * U.S. motion to dismiss petition for a writ of habeas corpus filed by a Mexican national who claimed that he would be tortured if extradited to Mexico to face homicide charges (Saldana v. United States, No. 2:09-cv-02786-JPM-cgc (W.D. Tenn. 2009)) (Chapter 3, International Criminal Law) * Eleventh Circuit affirmation of district court's 2008 decision denying writ of habeas corpus to former Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega to prevent his extradition to France (Noriega v. Pastrana, 564 F.3d 1290 (11th Cir. 2009)) (Chapter 3, International Criminal Law) * U.S. grant of two petitions for certiorari in a case challenging constitutionality of the provisions of the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, Pub. L. No. 104-132, 110 Stat. 1214, that make it a criminal offense for any person within the United States or subject to U.S. jurisdiction "knowingly" to provide "material support or resources" to a designated foreign terrorist organization ("FTO") (Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project, 130 S. Ct. 534 (2009); Humanitarian Law Project v. Holder, 130 S. Ct. 534 (2009)) (Chapter 3, International Criminal Law) * Statement of Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton about the "Human Rights Agenda for the 21st Century" (Georgetown University, December 14, 2009) (Chapter 6, Human Rights) * U.S. statements to the UN Human Rights Council relating to the Gaza conflict and the report of the UN Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict (the "Goldstone Report") (Chapter 6, Human Rights) * Statement of President Barack H. Obama and memorandum to the Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development on the rescission of the "Mexico City Policy," which had directed USAID to withhold USAID funds from any nongovernmental organization using non-USAID funds to engage in activities relating to abortion (Chapter 6, Human Rights) * Letter of Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton to Senator Jeanne Shaheen outlining U.S. initiatives to end the use of rape and sexual violence in conflict zones, particularly in Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, accompanied by the proposed "Strategic Plan for Combating Violence Against Women in Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)," and Statement of Secretary of State Clinton to the UN Security Council regarding U.S.-led Resolution concerning sexual violence in situations of armed conflict (Chapter 6, Human Rights) * Statement of Ambassador Susan Rice, U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations, and White House Senior Advisor Valerie Jarrett on the views of the U.S. towards the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (signed by the U.S. on July 30, 2009) (Chapter 6, Human Rights) * Statement of Harold Hongju Koh, Department of State Legal Adviser, to the International Court of Justice, discussing whether the "unilateral declaration of independence by the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government of Kosovo [is] in accordance with international law" (Chapter 9, Diplomatic Relations, Succession, and Continuity of States) * U.S. federal court decisions relating to actions brought under sovereign states under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, including actions against the Holy See, the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Chapter 10, Foreign Sovereign Immunity) * Diplomatic note indicating change in policy of the Department of State to extend the "definition of 'family' forming part of the household of a diplomatic agent [to] include same-sex domestic partners ('domestic partners') for purposes of the application of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations and Vienna Convention on Consular Relations in the United States" (74 Fed. Reg. 36,112 (July 22, 2009)) (Chapter 10, Foreign Sovereign Immunity) * The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative's 2009 Special 301 Report to identify those foreign countries that deny adequate and effective protection of intellectual property rights or deny fair and equitable market access to U.S. persons that rely upon intellectual property protection (Chapter 11, Trade, Commercial Relations, Investment, and Transportation) * Statement of the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia ("CGPCS"), hosted by the United States at UN Headquarters in New York (Chapter 12, Territorial Regimes and Related Issues) * President Barack H. Obama's December 18, 2009, press briefing relating to the "Copenhagen Accord," reached by the major world economies at the Fifteenth Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (Chapter 13, Environment and Other Transnational Scientific Issues) * Testimony of Keith Loken, Assistant Legal Adviser for Private International Law, Department of State, in support of the Hague Convention on the International Recovery of Child Support and Other Forms of Family Maintenance (which was signed by the United States but awaits Senate approval) (Chapter 15, Private International Law) * Various documents relating to the U.S. position on the imposition or retention of sanctions against or the curtailment of assistance to countries including the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Iran, Eritrea, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Sudan, Burma, Madagascar, and Honduras (Chapter 16, Sanctions) * Memorandum of President Barack H. Obama to the Secretaries of State, Treasury, and Commerce instructing them to take certain actions to implement a new policy to promote democracy and human rights in Cuba, including "facilitating greater contact between separated family members in the United States and Cuba and increasing the flow of remittances and information to the Cuban people" (Chapter 16, Sanctions) * U.S. positions on the peace process in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the resolution of the North-South conflict in Sudan, as well as U.S. positions on peacekeeping in Georgia, Kosovo, Lebanon, and Somalia (Chapter 17, International Conflict Resolution and Avoidance) * Excerpts from Executive Order 13491, "Ensuring Lawful Interrogations," 74 Fed. Reg. 4893 (Jan. 27, 2009), which was intended "to improve the effectiveness of human intelligence-gathering, to promote the safe, lawful, and humane treatment of individuals in United States custody and of United States personnel who are detained in armed conflicts, to ensure compliance with the treaty obligations of the United States, including the Geneva Conventions, and to take care that the laws of the United States are faithfully executed" (Chapter 18, Use of Force, Arms Control and Disarmament, and Nonproliferation) * Excerpts from Executive Order 13492, "Review and Disposition of Individuals Detained At the Guantánamo Bay Naval Base and Closure of Detention Facilities," 74 Fed. Reg. 4897 (Jan. 27, 2009) (Chapter 18, Use of Force, Arms Control and Disarmament, and Nonproliferation) * Other U.S. positions relating to treatment of detainees upon release, as well as U.S. federal court decisions relating to habeas litigation involving current detainees held at Guantanamo and in Afghanistan and civil suits involving former Guantanamo detainees (Chapter 18, Use of Force, Arms Control and Disarmament, and Nonproliferation)

Download or read book Lawfare written by Orde F. Kittrie and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Lawfare, author Orde Kittrie's draws on his experiences as a lawfare practitioner, US State Department attorney, and international law scholar in analyzing the theory and practice of the strategic leveraging of law as an increasingly powerful and effective weapon in the current global security landscape. Lawfare incorporates case studies of recent offensive and defensive lawfare by the United States, Iran, China, and by both sides of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and includes dozens of examples of how lawfare has thus been waged and defended against. Kittrie notes that since private attorneys can play important and decisive roles in their nations' national security plans through their expertise in areas like financial law, maritime insurance law, cyber law, and telecommunications law, the full scope of lawfare's impact and possibilities are just starting to be understood.