Download or read book Microstructure Characterization of Polymers and Polymer protein Bioconjugates by Hyphenated Mass Spectrometry written by Selim Gerislioglu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass spectrometry (MS) has been a powerful technique for the characterization of synthetic polymers especially after the introduction of soft ionization methods such as electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). One-dimensional MS analysis provides molecular weight information by detection of the mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio of gas-phase analyte ions. However, tandem MS (MS/MS) capabilities, which involve separation and subsequent fragmentation of a selected analyte ion, are needed to obtain more detailed structural information. MS/MS can provide essential information on the backbone connectivity for synthetic polymers. For the sequence analysis of polymers having hydrocarbon backbones, multistage fragmentation (MSn) that combines different ion activation methods may be necessary. In addition to MS or MS/MS analysis, additional dimensions of separation can be achieved by online hyphenation of various dispersion techniques which allows for the investigation of more complex materials and mixtures. While online combination of liquid chromatography (LC) with MS has been the most common hyphenated technique, ion mobility (IM) spectrometry has been emerging as a much more rapid alternative method for the separation of gas-phase analyte ions based on their charge state, size, and architectural differences. These two separation techniques can be combined in a high-throughput 3D LC-IM-MS method or utilized separately depending on the sample complexity. In this dissertation, applications of MSn and hyphenated MS techniques are illustrated for the analysis of synthetic polymers and complex synthetic polymer-protein conjugates. In Chapter IV, various MSn approaches were investigated for the in-depth structural characterization of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)s (pNIPAM). Different ion activation methods including collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) and electron transfer dissociation (ETD) provided structural information on end group and side chain functionalities. Sequential application of these ion activation methods in an MS3 fashion was necessary to obtain -C-C- bond cleavages and elucidate the backbone connectivity. In Chapter V, various hyphenated techniques that involve IM and LC were examined for the qualitative structural characterization of synthetic polymer-protein conjugates that were prepared by covalent attachment of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to different proteins (PEGylation). The 3D LC-IM-MS technique was combined with in-source dissociation (ISD) for the site-specific characterization of PEGylated insulin with or without pretreatment of the sample.Finally, in Chapter VI, a methodology for occupancy analysis of PEGylated proteins was investigated on a model PEGylated myoglobin conjugate. Contrary to the qualitative approach discussed in Chapter V, the method presented in this final chapter involved a subtractive relative quantification by LC-MS which provided complete occupancy information on each possible PEG attachment site.
Download or read book Characterization of Polymers and Supramolecular Protein polymer Bioconjugates Using Mass Spectrometry written by Yuan Gao and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass spectrometry (MS) is increasingly used for the characterization of polymers and supramolecular protein-polymer bioconjugates; especially after the introduction of soft ionization methods such as electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). Regular MS measures molecular weight information by detecting the mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio. However, if analyzing the structure of a complicated molecule such as a protein-polymer bioconjugate, information besides the molecular mass is necessary. Tandem MS (MS/MS), which involves isolation and fragmentation of a precursor ion, is widely used to gain more detailed structural information. MALDI-MS is a powerful technique for the analysis of polymers. One of the most important steps for MALDI analysis is sample preparation. MALDI sample preparation aims of producing densely packed microcrystals that improve mass accuracy, resolution, and shot-to-shot reproducibility as compared to large crystals. This thesis compared three common sample preparation methods for MALDI analysis: Dried droplet, solvent-free MALDI (SF-MALDI), and surface-layer MALDI (SL-MALDI). Additionally, ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS were used to characterize supramolecular protein-polymer bioconjugates. Acidic polymers such as poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) were used to form non-covalent complexes with ubiquitin, a protein with many basic amino acid binding sites. Based on studies with simple peptides, MS/MS fragmentation of the ubiquitin complexes should cause cleavages in the protein backbone but preserve the non-covalent interaction. This study will apply a method to determine the attachment site of the polymer, which would reveal the surface-accessible basic amino acid residues and the higher-order structure of ubiquitin.
Download or read book Hyphenated Techniques in Polymer Characterization written by Theodore Provder and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers significant advances in hyphenated techniques in polymer characterization. Presents coupled thermal techniques and couple-thermal-spectroscopic techniques, including STA-MS, STA-FTIR, TG/IR, GC/IR, TGA/IR, TB/FTIR, DSC/FTIR, and TGA/FTIR.
Download or read book Hyphenated Techniques in Polymer Characterization written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry written by Christopher Barner-Kowollik and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-27 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining an up-to-date insight into mass-spectrometric polymer analysis beyond MALDI with application details of the instrumentation, this is a balanced and thorough presentation of the most important and widely used mass-spectrometric methods. Written by the world's most proficient experts in the field, the book focuses on the latest developments, covering such technologies and applications as ionization protocols, tandem and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, gas-phase ion-separation techniques and automated data processing. Chapters on sample preparation, polymer degradation and the usage of mass-spectrometric tools on an industrial scale round off the book. As a result, both entrants to the field and experienced researchers are able to choose the appropriate methods and instrumentations -- and to assess their respective strengths and limitations -- for the characterization of polymer compounds.
Download or read book Characterization and Analysis of Polymers written by Wiley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-02-08 with total page 987 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on Wiley's renowned Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology, this book provides coverage of key methods of characterization of the physical and chemical properties of polymers, including atomic force microscopy, chromatographic methods, laser light scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermal analysis, among others. Written by prominent scholars from around the world, this reference presents over twenty-five self -contained articles on the most used analytical techniques currently practiced in polymer science.
Download or read book MALDI Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis written by Liang Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-10-22 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles and Practices of Polymer Mass Spectrometry helps readers acquire the skills necessary for selecting the optimal methods, handling samples, analyzing the data, and interpreting the results of the mass spectrometry of polymers. This guide describes the principles of polymer MS and best practices in polymer characterization. It discusses different approaches, including MALDI, ESI, TOF MS, and FT-MS. It provides a guide to developing appropriate sample preparation protocols for different polymers. Complete with examples of applications and experiments, this is an excellent reference for scientists, researchers, graduate students, and others.
Download or read book Polymer Characterisation written by B.J. Hunt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers continue to play an ever increasing role in the modern world. In fact it is quite inconceivable to most people that we could ever have existed of the increased volume and variety of materials without them. As a result currently available, and the diversity of their application, characterisation has become an essential requirement of industrial and academic laboratories in volved with polymeric materials. On the one hand requirements may come from polymer specialists involved in the design and synthesis of new materials who require a detailed understanding of the relationship between the precise molecular architecture and the properties of the polymer in order to improve its capabilities and range of applications. On the other hand, many analysts who are not polymer specialists are faced with the problems of analysing and testing a wide range of polymeric materials for quality control or material specification purposes. We hope this book will be a useful reference for all scientists and techno or industrial laboratories, logists involved with polymers, whether in academic and irrespective of their scientific discipline. We have attempted to include in one volume all of the most important techniques. Obviously it is not possible to do this in any great depth but we have encouraged the use of specific examples to illustrate the range of possibilities. In addition numerous references are given to more detailed texts on specific subjects, to direct the reader where appropriate. The book is divided into II chapters.
Download or read book Spectroscopy of Polymers written by J.L. Koenig and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-09-16 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised and updated Second Edition of the best-selling reference/text is essential reading for students and scientists who seek a thorough and practical introduction to the field of polymer spectroscopy. Eleven chapters cover the fundamental aspects and experimental applications of the primary spectroscopic methods. The advantages and disadvantages of the various techniques for particular polymer systems are also discussed. The goal of the author is not to make the reader an expert in the field, but rather to provide enough information about the different spectroscopic methods that the reader can determine how the available techniques can be used to solve a particular polymer problem. This Second Edition contains new and updated information on techniques in IR and NMR, as well as an all-new chapter on Mass Spectrometry.
Download or read book Polymer Characterization written by Dan Campbell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discerning the properties of polymers and polymer-based materials requires a good understanding of characterization. This revised and updated text provides a comprehensive survey of characterization methods within its simple, concise chapters. Polymer Characterization: Physical Techniques, provides an overview of a wide variety of characterization methods, which makes it an excellent textbook and reference. It starts with a description of basic polymer science, providing a solid foundation from which to understand the key physical characterization techniques. The authors explain physical principles without heavy theory and give special emphasis to the application of the techniques to polymers, with plenty of illustrations. Topics covered include molecular weight determination, molecular and structural characterization by spectroscopic techniques, morphology and structural characterization by microscopy and diffraction, and thermal analysis. This edition contains a new chapter on surface analysis as well as some revised problems and solutions. The concise treatment of each topic offers even those with little prior knowledge of the subject an accessible source to relevant, simple descriptions in a well-organized format.
Download or read book Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy in Polymer Analysis written by T. R Crompton and published by Smithers Rapra. This book was released on 2010-12-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combination of chromatography with mass spectroscopy is a very useful technique which is being increasingly used by polymer chemists to improve existing polymers and to discover new ones with specific physical properties such as thermal stability and retention of properties over a long service life.This technique is extremely powerful for the analysis and characterisation of polymers and is often based on the use of controlled chromatography - mass spectroscopy to measure a polymer's decomposition with techniques such as pyrolysis, followed by chromatography to separate any breakdown product, and, finally, mass spectroscopy, to achieve an unequivocal identification of the pyrolysis products obtained. The detail that can be obtained by such methods includes structure of the polymer backbone, branching, end groups, isomeric detail and fine detail in the structure of copolymers.The first three chapters of the book discuss the various chromatographic and mass spectroscopic techniques now available.Chapters 3-8 cover the complementary methods, based on the combination of mass spectroscopy with various chromatographic techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography.Pyrolysis chromatography-mass spectroscopy is a method of studying the structure of polymers which involves subjecting the polymer pyrolysis products to a chromatographic technique to simplify subsequent analysis and, finally mass spectroscopy to identify the pyrolysis products with the possibility of deducing finer details of polymer structure than were previously attainable by classical methods (Chapters 9-11).By providing a thorough up-to-date review of work in this field it is hoped that the book will be of interest to all those engaged in polymer research and development, and polymer users in general.
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry of Polymers written by Giorgio Montaudo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-10-29 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass Spectrometry (MS) has rapidly become an indispensable tool in polymer analysis, and modern MS today complements in many ways the structural data provided by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Infrared (IR) methods. Recent advances have sparked a growing interest in this field and established a need for a summary of progress made and results
Download or read book MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry of Synthetic Polymers written by Harald Pasch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry is one of the latest and most fascinating new developments in the analysis of organic compounds. Originally developed for the analysis of biomolecules, it has developed into one of the most powerful techniques for the characterization of synthetic polymers. This book describes the fundamentals of the MALDI process and the technical features of MALDI-TOF instrumentation. It reviews the application of MALDI-TOF for identification, chemical and molar mass analysis of synthetic polymers. With many examples, the monograph examines experimental protocols for the determination of endgroups, the analysis of copolymers and additives, and the coupling of liquid chromatography and MALDI-TOF in detail.
Download or read book Chromatographic Characterization of Polymers written by Theodore Provder and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents an overview of the recent developments in the use of hyphenated multidimensional separation and detection techniques for the characterization of polymeric materials. Reports on successful multidimensional chromatographic methods and multiple detector systems. Includes an analysis of compositional heterogeneity in copolymers and blends.
Download or read book Developments in Polymer Characterisation 1 written by J. V. Dawkins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over two decades ago, !he term characterisation covered just those techniques which measured the properties of polymers in solution in order to determine molecular weight and size. The discoveries of stereoregular polymers and polymer crystals created the need for new and advanced techniques for characterising chain structures and bulk properties. Further demands for new and improved characterisation methods for bulk polymers have resulted from the recent development and exploitation of multi phase polymeric systems, such as polymer blends, block and graft copolymers, and polymer composites. Today, therefore, characterisation is a very important part of polymer science. The polymer chemist must know the chain length, chain microstructure and chain conformation of the polymers he or she has prepared, i. e. the determination of molecular properties. The scientist involved in exploiting polymers in such applications as plastics, elastomers, fibres, surface coatings and adhesives must be informed on the morphology and physical and mechanical behaviour of his or her products, i. e. the determination of bulk and surface properties and their dependence on molecular properties. The techniques required for these determinations now cover an extremely wide field. Our aim has been to review a number of techniques critically and in sufficient depth so that the present state and future potential of each technique may be judged by the reader. Three criteria were used in the selection of techniques. First, we wished to present new methods which have been developed actively in the polymer field during the past five years.
Download or read book Developments in Polymer Analysis and Characterisation written by and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 1999-12 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry of Polymers New Techniques written by Minna Hakkarainen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-25 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging Mass Spectrometric Tools for Analysis of Polymers and Polymer Additives, by Nina Aminlashgari and Minna Hakkarainen. Analysis of Polymer Additives and Impurities by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Capillary Electrophoresis/Mass Spectrometry, by Wolfgang Buchberger and Martin Stiftinger. Direct Insertion Probe Mass Spectrometry of Polymers, by Jale Hacaloglu Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Oligo- and Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives, by Petra Mischnick. Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry for Molecular Level Understanding of Polymer Degradation, by Minna Hakkarainen.
