Download or read book Microfloral and faunal interactions in natural and agro ecosystems written by M.J. Mitchell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MYRON J. MITCHELL* The biota of soils constitute an integral part of both natural and agronomic ecosystems. The soil microflora and fauna in conjunction with the belowground portion of the Metaphyta or higher plants constitute the living milieu, components of which are in intimate association with each other as well as the abiotic constituents of the soil. Since these associations or interactions are important in regulat ing both the flux and availability of energy and nutrients, the central theme of the present book focuses on these interactions. The effects of microfloral and faunal inter actions with regard to overall ecosystem dynamics and specific critical processes will be examined. HISTORICAL ASPECTS The coverage of this volume is an extension of a vast body of literature which dates back to the 18th century. A brief compendium of major books and reviews published from 1960 to 1983 is given chronologically in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. Russell (1961) has reviewed work in the 1800's during which some of the basic tenets on the relationships between plant nutrition and soil properties became estab lished. In this period agricultural science was founded and the study of soil bacteriology began. The evolution of soil biology up to the early 1970's has been described by Satch211 in the volume edited by Dickinson and Pugh (1974). *Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 2 ~ .
Download or read book Microfloral and Faunal Interactions in Natural and Agro Ecosystems written by M. J. Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 1985-12-31 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biogeodynamics of Pollutants in Soils and Sediments written by Wim Salomons and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the USA, Western and Central Europe, there are many large-scale polluted sites that are too large to be cleaned up economically with available technologies. The pollution is caused by heavy industries to soils and sediments in waterways and reservoirs. Since these areas are expected to remain polluted for many years, it is necessary to take a long-term view to insure that the capacity to retain the contaminants is not diminished and to understand the potential for large-scale contaminant mobilization at these sites triggered by changing environmental conditions. This book provides information for predicting long-term changes and making risk assessments and describes the approach of geochemical engineering to handling large-scale polluted sites.
Download or read book Sustainable Agricultural Systems written by Edwards and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique look at how the adoption of sustainable farming methods is being pursued throughout the world. This comprehensive book provides clear insight into research and education needs and the many points of view that come to bear on the issue of sustainability. Essential for agricultural leaders in research, education, conservation, policy making, and anyone else interested in creating an economically and environmentally sustainable agriculture worldwide.
Download or read book The Potential of U S Grazing Lands to Sequester Carbon and Mitigate the Greenhouse Effect written by Ronald F. Follett and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-09-15 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grazing lands represent the largest and most diverse land resource-taking up over half the earth's land surface. The large area grazing land occupies, its diversity of climates and soils, and the potential to improve its use and productivity all contribute to its importance for sequestering C and mitigating the greenhouse effect and other condition
Download or read book Soil Biological Fertility written by Lynette K. Abbott and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-27 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is becoming more relevant to explore soil biological processes in terms of their contribution to soil fertility. This book presents a comprehensive scientific overview of the components and processes that underpin the biological characteristics of soil fertility. It highlights the enormous diversity of life in soil and the resulting effects that management of land can have on the contribution of this diverse community to soil fertility in an agricultural context.
Download or read book Modeling Processes and Their Interactions in Cropping Systems written by Lajpat R. Ahuja and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-07-06 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling Processes and Their Interactions in Cropping Systems A complete discussion of soil-plant-climate-management processes In Modeling Processes and Their Interactions in Cropping Systems: Challenges for the 21st Century, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive and up-to-date scientific textbook devoted to teaching the modeling of soil-plant-climate-management processes at the upper undergraduate and graduate levels. The book emphasizes the new opportunities and paradigms available to modern lab and field researchers and aims to improve their understanding and quantification of individual processes and their interactions. The book helps readers quantify field research results in terms of the fundamental theory and concepts broadly generalizable beyond specific sites, as well as predict experimental results from knowledge of the fundamental factors that determine the environment and plant growth in different climates. Readers will also discover: An introduction to water and chemical transport in the soil matrix and macropores Explorations of heat transport, water balance, snowpack, and soil freezing Discussions of merging machine learning with APSIM models to improve the evaluation of the impact of climate extremes on wheat yields in Australia Examinations of the quantification and modeling of management effects on soil properties, including discussions of tillage, reconsolidation, crop residues, and crop management The book will be essential reading for anyone interested in the 2030 breakthroughs in agriculture identified by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.
Download or read book Advances in Soil Science written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil degradation is clearly one of the most pressing problems facing man kind. A continuation of soil degradation will eventually lead to a loss in crop productivity even though fertilizers and other inputs often result in increased yields in the short term. Soil degradation also leads to environ mental pollution. A decrease in soil quality invariably leads to a decrease in water quality, and often in air quality. While there is a clear consensus that soil degradation is a major problem, the literature on this subject leaves numerous baffling questions. If statis tics on land degradation are correct, there is a definite cause for concern, and present a mammoth challenge for agricultural scientists. There are those that say the scientific community has over dramatized this issue, and created a credibility problem. Consequently; Volume 11 of Advances in Soil Science was organized by Dr. Rattan Lal who is recognized as a lead ing authority on the subject. The objective of Volume 11 was to assess the types and processes of soil degradation and establish some of the major cause-effect relationships. Volume II documented the seriousness of soil degradation in many parts of the world. Therefore, it seemed immediately important to devote a volume to the principles and technologies for restor ing degraded soils to a productive status. While the land resources are limited, world population is rapidly increasing, particularly in developing countries. Dr.
Download or read book Soil Biology Guide written by Daniel L. Dindal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1991-01-16 with total page 1381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive study of the biology, taxonomy, and ecology of each of the soil biotic groups. The first chapter presents an ecological approach to soil studies. The remaining 42 chapters provide specific information on each of the taxonomic groupings. Contains illustrated identification keys to each group. Some keys go by functional morphological delineations; others lead the reader to classical identification at family, genus, or species levels. Some incorporate descriptions of new genera and species. Especially useful for the study of mesic, xeric, and hydric terrestrial sites. Includes an extensive bibliography.
Download or read book Fungi in Ecosystem Processes written by John Dighton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Fungi in Ecosystem Processes continues the unique approach of examining the roles of fungi from the perspective of ecosystem functions. It explores how fungi have adapted to survive within particular constraints, how they help to maintain homeostasis in ecosystems, how they facilitate resistance to perturbations, and how they influence the communities of other organisms. Updated and revised, the second edition Expands the section on plant pathogens, invasive species, and insect–fungal interactions Provides more extensive coverage on insect–fungal interactions, including entomopathogens, the links between entomopathogens and endophytes, and symbiotic and mutualistic interactions Adds a new section on fungi in the built environment Presents new material on below-ground to above-ground interactions mediated through fungi, such as mycorrhizal signaling systems for herbivory defense The book also includes expanded coverage of the role of fungi in suppressive soils, aquatic and marine fungi, modern methods of following food chains in fungal–invertebrate trophic interactions, and the physiology of nutrient uptake by mycorrhizae. A necessary update and expansion to previous material, this book provides an essential reference on the current understanding of fungal roles in ecosystem processes. It also identifies directions for future study, including an emphasis on the need for further research on fungi in built environments.
Download or read book Advances in Ecological Research written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1992-03-25 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concepts and concerns regarding the global effects of a continued increase in the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases have enjoyed a high visibility in newspapers and scientific journals. This concern is now being translated into big-science projects. These international projects aim to understand better the processes of climate and ecosystem changes and impacts and are being designed under the aegis of the World Climate Research Programme and the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme. Biological and climatic systems are intertwined in processes leading to impacts and feedbacks and so it has emerged that climatologists, atmospheric scientists, terrestrial and marine ecologists must collaborate in research programmes, else the bases of their future projections are incomplete. This special volume of Advances in Ecological Research brings together eight papers which propose and demonstrate the two major components of current climate change research, future prediction and interdisciplinary approach.
Download or read book Mycorrhizal Functioning written by Michael Allen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now known that over 90 percent of all plants have established integrative plant-fungal processes in their root systems, and it may well turn out to be the case that virtually all plants have mycorrhizae. In this work, many of the best researchers in the field review the current status of research in plant-fungal communications, mycorrhizal organisms, applications, and biotechnology. The focus is a hierarchical one. This volume is comprehensive and covers both ectomycorrhizae and vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizae, addressing concepts that are related to all the different groups. Mycorrhizal Functioning will be of interest to professionals and graduate students in microbiology, ecology, mycology, plant pathology, plant science, and soil science. Those working in the agricultural biotechnology industry will also benefit from the book's applications perspective.
Download or read book Waste Sites as Biological Reactors written by Percival A. Miller and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-12-26 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where and how wastes disappear, and how the environment is affected by the process, are issues that affect cities and towns around the world. Recent investigations have convincingly shown that waste poses water, air, and public health dangers that necessitate highly efficient engineered controls. An inexpensive, effective, method for assessing impa
Download or read book Biochar for Environmental Management written by Johannes Lehmann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-16 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochar is the carbon-rich product when biomass (such as wood, manure or crop residues) is heated in a closed container with little or no available air. It can be used to improve agriculture and the environment in several ways, and its stability in soil and superior nutrient-retention properties make it an ideal soil amendment to increase crop yields. In addition to this, biochar sequestration, in combination with sustainable biomass production, can be carbon-negative and therefore used to actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, with major implications for mitigation of climate change. Biochar production can also be combined with bioenergy production through the use of the gases that are given off in the pyrolysis process. This book is the first to synthesize the expanding research literature on this topic. The book's interdisciplinary approach, which covers engineering, environmental sciences, agricultural sciences, economics and policy, is a vital tool at this stage of biochar technology development. This comprehensive overview of current knowledge will be of interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in a wide range of disciplines.
Download or read book Adaptive Soil Management From Theory to Practices written by Amitava Rakshit and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses in detail on learning and adapting through partnerships between managers, scientists, and other stakeholders who learn together how to create and maintain sustainable resource systems. As natural areas shrink and fragment, our ability to sustain economic growth and safeguard biological diversity and ecological integrity is increasingly being put to the test. In attempting to meet this unprecedented challenge, adaptive management is becoming a viable alternative for broader application. Adaptive management is an iterative decision-making process which is both operationally and conceptually simple and which incorporates users to acknowledge and account for uncertainty, and sustain an operating environment that promotes its reduction through careful planning, evaluation, and learning until the desired results are achieved. This multifaceted approach requires clearly defined management objectives to guide decisions about what actions to take, and explicit assumptions about expected outcomes to compare against actual outcomes. In this edited book, we address the issue by pursuing a holistic and systematic approach that utilizes natural resources to reap sustainable environmental, economic and social benefits for adaptive management, helping to ensure that relationships between land, water and plants are managed in ways that mimic nature.
Download or read book Ecosystem Approaches to Landscape Management in Central Europe written by J.D. Tenhunen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-01-25 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges in ecosystem science encompass a broadening and strengthening of interdisciplinary ties, the transfer of knowledge of the ecosystem across scales, and the inclusion of anthropogenic impacts and human behavior into ecosystem, landscape, and regional models. The volume addresses these points within the context of studies in major ecosystem types viewed as the building blocks of central European landscapes. The research is evaluated to increase the understanding of the processes in order to unite ecosystem science with resource management. The comparison embraces coastal lowland forests, associated wetlands and lakes, agricultural land use, and montane and alpine forests. Techniques for upscaling focus on process modelling at stand and landscape scales and the use of remote sensing for landscape-level model parameterization and testing. The case studies demonstrate ways for ecosystem scientists, managers, and social scientists to cooperate.
Download or read book Nitrogen Phosphorus and Sulphur Utilisation by Fungi written by British Mycological Society. Symposium and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1989-05-11 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text/reference is broadly based, covering four basic areas: physiology and metabolism of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur by fungi; the role of these minerals in pathogenic relationships with plants; their role in mutualistic relationships with plants; and the role of saprotrophic fungi in cycling of the elements through ecosystems. Annotation.
