Download or read book Microdosimetric Determination of Radiation Quality in Very High Energy Photon Beams for Conformal Radiotherapy written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Absorbed Dose Determination in External Beam Radiotherapy written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Code of Practice, which has also been endorsed by WHO, PAHO and ESTRO, fulfils the need for a systematic and internationally unified approach to the calibration of ionization chambers in terms of absorbed dose to water and to the use of these detectors in determining the absorbed dose to water for the radiation beams used in radiotherapy. It provides a methodology for the determination of absorbed dose to water in the low, medium and high energy photon beams, electron beams, proton beams and heavy ion beams used for external radiation therapy.

Download or read book Absorbed Dose Determination in Photon and Electron Beams written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition contains eight additional pages, summarizing recommended changes resulting from a review of data and procedures presented in the first edition. Otherwise, the report remains unchanged. The report itself represents a step towards a universal code advising users in Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratories (SSDLs) and radiation therapy centres throughout the world on how to obtain the absorbed dose from a measurement of exposure or another appropriate quantity. As the numerical result of a physical measurement must be complemented by an assessment of its uncertainty, Appendix A to this Code gives a brief summary of a treatment uncertainties concept by A. Allisy and J.W. Müller from the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM).

Download or read book Microdosimetry Measurements in Beams of High Energy Electrons and Photons written by U. Lennart and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dosimetry of High energy Photon Beams Based on Standards of Absorbed Dose to Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Microdosimetric Description of Beam Quality and Biological Effectiveness in Radiation Therapy written by Aris Tilikidis and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Absorbed Dose Determination in External Beam Radiation Therapy written by Åsa Palm and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Radiation Oncology Physics written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA. This book was released on 2005 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is aimed at students and teachers involved in teaching programmes in field of medical radiation physics, and it covers the basic medical physics knowledge required in the form of a syllabus for modern radiation oncology. The information will be useful to those preparing for professional certification exams in radiation oncology, medical physics, dosimetry or radiotherapy technology.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Ionizing Radiation Dosimetry written by Pedro Andreo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-05-17 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new, comprehensively updated edition of the acclaimed textbook by F.H. Attix (Introduction to Radiological Physics and Radiation Dosimetry) taking into account the substantial developments in dosimetry since its first edition. This monograph covers charged and uncharged particle interactions at a level consistent with the advanced use of the Monte Carlo method in dosimetry; radiation quantities, macroscopic behaviour and the characterization of radiation fields and beams are covered in detail. A number of chapters include addenda presenting derivations and discussions that offer new insight into established dosimetric principles and concepts. The theoretical aspects of dosimetry are given in the comprehensive chapter on cavity theory, followed by the description of primary measurement standards, ionization chambers, chemical dosimeters and solid state detectors. Chapters on applications include reference dosimetry for standard and small fields in radiotherapy, diagnostic radiology and interventional procedures, dosimetry of unsealed and sealed radionuclide sources, and neutron beam dosimetry. The topics are presented in a logical, easy-to-follow sequence and the text is supplemented by numerous illustrative diagrams, tables and appendices. For senior undergraduate- or graduate-level students and professionals.

Download or read book Protocol for Clinical Reference Dosimetry of High Energy Photon and Electron Beams written by Peter R. Almond and published by . This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Radiation Therapy Dosimetry written by Arash Darafsheh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book covers the everyday use and underlying principles of radiation dosimeters used in radiation oncology clinics. It provides an up-to-date reference spanning the full range of current modalities with emphasis on practical know-how. The main audience is medical physicists, radiation oncology physics residents, and medical physics graduate students. The reader gains the necessary tools for determining which detector is best for a given application. Dosimetry of cutting edge techniques from radiosurgery to MRI-guided systems to small fields and proton therapy are all addressed. Main topics include fundamentals of radiation dosimeters, brachytherapy and external beam radiation therapy dosimetry, and dosimetry of imaging modalities. Comprised of 30 chapters authored by leading experts in the medical physics community, the book: Covers the basic principles and practical use of radiation dosimeters in radiation oncology clinics across the full range of current modalities. Focuses on providing practical guidance for those using these detectors in the clinic. Explains which detector is more suitable for a particular application. Discusses the state of the art in radiotherapy approaches, from radiosurgery and MR-guided systems to advanced range verification techniques in proton therapy. Gives critical comparisons of dosimeters for photon, electron, and proton therapies.

Download or read book The Use of Microdosimetric Techniques in Radiation Protection Measurements written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major objective of radiation protection is to determine the dose equivalent for routine radiation protection applications. As microdosimetry has developed over approximately three decades, its most important application has been in measuring radiation quality, especially in radiation fields of unknown or inadequately known energy spectra. In these radiation fields, determination of dose equivalent is not straightforward; however, the use of microdosimetric principles and techniques could solve this problem. In this paper, the authors discuss the measurement of lineal energy, a microscopic analog to linear energy transfer, and demonstrate the development and implementation of the variance-covariance method, a novel method in experimental microdosimetry. This method permits the determination of dose mean lineal energy, an essential parameter of radiation quality, in a radiation field of unknown spectrum, time-varying dose rate, and high dose rate. Real-time monitoring of changes in radiation quality can also be achieved by using microdosimetric techniques.

Download or read book Achievable Accuracy of Radiation Dose Measurement for Linear Accelerators Using Different Protocols written by Mariam Hamad Darmaki and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of radiotherapy treatment is to deliver a specified radiation dose throughout a definite target volume within predetermined levels of accuracy and homogeneity; at the same time ensuring adequate dose sparing of surrounding normal tissue. Radiotherapy is a complex process involving a number of steps and the accuracy of each stage has a direct impact on the treatment outcome. At each stage, comprehensive quality assurance procedures are required to ensure safe and accurate delivery of the prescribed dose. This project will aim to determine the currently achievable accuracy and reproducibility of radiotherapy dosimetry and assess the current recommendations for quality assurance tolerances. Alongside, it will examine the traceability of different codes of practice in measuring absorbed dose results from high energy photon and electron beams. The study will present a theoretical and a practical comparison between different codes of practice: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA TRS-398), American Association of Physics in Medicine, (AAPM TG-51), Institute of Physical Engineering in Medicine (IPEM-2003) for electron beams, and Institute of Physical Science in Medicine (IPSM-1990) for photon beams. Our study confirms that our results are within the ± 5 % internationally suggested accuracy and provides detailed comparison between the mentioned protocols. We measured the data and analyzed them in detail and presented them with the reference conditions to determine the absorbed dose to water for high energy photon and electron beams with the chosen protocols. Our obtained results are consistent with the reference beam data from Varian Medical Systems. This enhances the confidence on Tawam hospital's Quality Assurance on the Linear Accelerators.

Download or read book Determination of Endpoint Energy and Bremsstrahlung Spectra for High energy Radiation therapy Beams written by Danny Joe Landry and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cherenkov Emission based In water Photon and Electron Beam Dosimetry written by Yana Zlateva and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with photon and electron beams, generated by medical linear accelerators (linacs) is a mainstay cancer treatment modality. EBRT is prescribed in terms of radiation absorbed dose, defined as the energy deposited in the patient per unit mass. The measurement of absorbed dose, termed dosimetry, is critical for ensuring that a sufficient dose is delivered to the patient while minimizing the dose to surrounding healthy tissues. This includes linac beam calibration and commissioning via reference and relative dosimetry. Reference dosimetry measures absolute dose, whereas relative dosimetry measures relative dose (e.g., spatial dose distribution). Dosimetry is primarily performed in water, as it is the main constituent of soft tissue, and with the use of radiation dosimeters. Modern EBRT dosimeters are not composed of tissue or water, which leads to necessary material conversion, beam perturbation, and volume averaging.We investigate Cherenkov emission (CE) as a potential solution to these challenges. CE is an anisotropic optical signal generated by high-energy radiation in dielectrics, including water. We first evaluate CE for reference dosimetry of broad beams on beam axis in water, which is done for beam calibration with standard uncertainty (k=1) of ~1. The overall objective of the thesis is to develop a clinically-implementable CE-based dosimetry formalism and to thus motivate and inform future dosimetry system development.First, we proposed a CE-to-dose conversion formalism, designed Monte Carlo (MC) simulation code for the calculation of CE-to-dose conversion data used by the formalism, and validated the code experimentally in a relative sense with a preliminary detector design. The experimental validation demonstrated agreement with the simulations within 1%. In addition, the CE spectrum, angular characteristics, measurement robustness, and background signal contributions were evaluated and appropriate recommendations were made for CE-based dosimetry system and protocol development.Secondly, motivated by the experimental validation, we MC-calculated CE-to-dose conversion data for a clinically representative library of electron beam qualities, investigated beam quality specification (a measurable quantity necessary to select the conversion data specific to the user's beam), and estimated a potentially achievable dosimetric uncertainty budget at a reference depth in water. We demonstrated that a combined standard dosimetric uncertainty (k=1) of the order of 1% could be achievable. This motivates further CE-based dosimetry system development.Finally, we performed an MC charged particle step-size dependence study of the CE-to-dose conversion with both photon and electron beams. The goal of this study was to understand the physics and determine whether corrections to the code and the formalism are warranted. For electron beams, the deviations from terse step control are up to 1%. Therefore, we recommend using the results of this study to augment the uncertainties to electron beam CE-to-dose conversion data or to guide step control in future calculations with the current version of the code. For photon beams, the deviations can be up to 10% depending on the optical detection system configuration. Therefore, we recommend using the results of this study to guide further MC code and formalism development for CE-based photon beam dosimetry.This work demonstrates the feasibility and the clinical viability of CE-based photon and electron beam radiotherapy dosimetry. The results of this thesis motivate and inform CE-based dosimetry system and future protocol development efforts. The next step is MC code and formalism development for CE-based photon beam dosimetry, followed by dosimetry system development. This research could ultimately lead to a 3D, micrometer-resolution, perturbation-free, in-water dosimetry technique that can be used in external beam radiotherapy of cancer"--

Download or read book Microdosimetry measurements in beams of high energy electrons and photons written by U. Lennart R. Lindborg and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Radiation Dosimetry written by C.G. Orton and published by Springer. This book was released on 1986-03-31 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mankind has evolved in a sea of radiation. We have been bombarded constantly by X rays, y rays, UV rays, and particulate radiations from outer space, and by terrestrial radiations from the ground we walk on, from our building materials, and from our own bodies. Recently, we have become increasingly subjected to man-made radiations, especially from the medical and defense industries. All of these radiations are capable of affecting us biologically, both to our benefit and to our detriment. This book provides a thorough review of the physical and biological dosimetry of these radiations. It is targeted to those health professionals who are concerned with understanding the mechanisms fundamental to the biological action of ionizing radiation or who are involved in the application, measurement, or treatment of the effects of such radiations. The first chapter, on "Bioeffect Dosimetry in Radiation Therapy," should be of special interest to anyone involved in the treatment of cancer by radiation. It includes a brief review of the history of the manipulation of time-dose parameters in order to improve therapeutic benefit, and an up-to-date analysis of time-dose relationships designed for use in fractionated radiotherapy and brachytherapy. This is followed by two chapters reviewing and comparing national and international protocols for the precise measurement of photon and electron radiations in therapy. These chapters should be invaluable to radiation physicists responsible for treatment machine calibrations.