Download or read book Methodology of Crevice Corrosion Testing for Stainless Steels in Natural and Treated Seawaters written by Ulf Kivisäkk and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crevice corrosion in chloride-containing environments, particularly sea water, poses a serious threat to the integrity of stainless steels and has been responsible for many failures. The need for a reliable test method to measure the susceptibility of passive metals to crevice corrosion in sea water has been addressed recently in a major European Programme, CREVCORR. This work was coordinated by Bard Espelid of DNV (Norway) and involved collaboration between ten different companies in six European countries. Many members of EFC Working Party 9 (Marine Corrosion) participated in the work. The first nine chapters of the book describe the development of the new crevice corrosion test method for plate and tubular materials and its application to a number of austenitic, ferritic and duplex stainless steels. A key aim was to develop a crevice corrosion test procedure where the biological activity and oxidation capacity of natural and treated sea waters are simulated electrochemically. Another important aspect of the work was to formulate a new synthetic sea water capable of simulating the corrosiveness of natural and treated sea waters, including the effects of the bio-films that can form in natural waters. The final chapter presents the results of two large collaborative test programmes involving a total of 19 laboratories in eight countries worldwide. These involved tests in natural and synthetic sea waters to evaluate the new crevice test and synthetic sea water. The book will be of value to scientists and engineers engaged in the selection of stainless steels for applications in sea water and other chlorinated natural environments.
Download or read book Marine Corrosion of Stainless Steels written by D. Féron and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-04-14 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is Number 33 of the Marine Corrosion of Stainless Steels, a publication of the European Federation of Corrosion (EFC). Part I of this volume on the "Marine Corrosion of Stainless Steels" consists of five chapters and is concerned with tests that were conducted in the 1990s on the corrosivity of European sea waters (Atlantic, Baltic, English Channel, Mediterranean, and North Sea) towards three types of stainless steels. Results from these two test programmes were presented at a European Workshop on Sea Water Corrosion of Stainless Steels in Trondheim in 1996 and at various corrosion conferences, mostly in Europe. The other four chapters in Part I describe experimental procedures, critical pitting temperature data, crevice corrosion results and results from the MAST biofilm studies. The remaining 23 chapters of the book are concerned with reviews and reports that develop the above topics.
Download or read book Survey of Literature on Crevice Corrosion 1979 1998 written by F. P. IJsseling and published by Woodhead Publishing Limited. This book was released on 2000 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crevice corrosion is a complex and technically interesting corrosion mechanism but its commercial significance should not be ignored. This survey, the most complete overview of crevice corrosion available today, covers many alloys which can suffer crevice attack but focuses mainly on stainless steels. The survey covers mechanisms, test methods and results, practical experience, protective measures and monitoring.
Download or read book Investigating the Crevice Corrosion Behavior of Coated Stainless Steel in Seawater written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Normally, stainless steel is utilized without any type of coating whatsoever. However, there are occasions where coatings may be contemplated. One of present interest to the U.S. Navy is that associated with the use of antifouling coatings on ship hulls fabricated of non-magnetic. austenitic stainless steel. Testing in natural seawater has demonstrated that coatings can protect susceptible stainless steel from barnacle related crevice corrosion and localized corrosion at weldments. However, coating defects and damage create new areas for crevice corrosion to initiate. The risk of serious crevice corrosion damage to the substrate increases with the amount of bare metal exposed. Test results demonstrated that just a few square inches of bare stainless steel is sufficient to support the corrosion reactions producing penetrations in excess of 1.5 mm in less than six months. Even 6% Mo alloys are susceptible. Localized corrosion can be prevented by the use of cathodic protection, as demonstrated by testing with sacrificial zinc anodes. However, the apparent degree of polarization associated with zinc anodes may contribute to blistering and disbonding of the coating. Test results indicate that good surface preparation, expectedly, enhances bonding of the coating to the substrate. This degree of preparation also creates more optimum conditions for crevice corrosion propagation at sites which initiate.
Download or read book Corrosion Testing in Natural Waters written by Robert M. Kain and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1997 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Testing Tribocorrosion of Passivating Materials Supporting Research and Industrial Innovation written by Jean-Pierre Celis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first edition of Testing Tribocorrosion of Passivating Materials Supporting Research and Industrial Innovation: A Handbook treats in a clear, concise, and practical manner an important material degradation and protection matter. It is designed as a handbook and provides a well structured approach of the basics needed to investigate the tribocorrosion behavior of passivating materials, and to conduct in a correct way a laboratory investigation on it. It provides answers on practical and theoretical approaches of tribocorrosion phenomena to engineers and medical persons involved with material assemblies subjected to aggressive environmental and mechanical conditions. For academic researchers it is a pertinent tool assisting them in how they can perform a tribocorrosion investigation and obtain results that are correctly interpreted and can be exchanged. Different parts of the book are illustrated with practical examples. This handbook is truly an indispensable guide for every professional who comes into contact with the complex material degradation and protection processes that take place under combined corrosion and wear conditions. Fields of interest include: transportation (aeronautics, maritime, rail, automotive), medical implants (orthopaedics, dentistry), biochemistry, food production, energy production, and machining. The coordination of this handbook writing was done by Professor Jean-Pierre Celis (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium) and Professor Pierre Ponthiaux (Ecole Centrale Paris, France) assisted by twelve European experts who contributed jointly to the nine chapters of this handbook. Main topics dealt with are tribocorrosion phenomena in medical and industrial sectors, depassivation and repassivation phenomena, impact on synergism in tribocorrosion, specific testing techniques, coupling tribology-to-corrosion, design of a testing protocol, and normalisation.
Download or read book A Working Party Report on Marine Corrosion of Stainless Steels written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Use of Coatings to Assess the Crevice Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steels in Warm Seawater written by RM. Kain and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper focuses on the utility of epoxy-type coatings for testing the crevice corrosion resistance of a variety of stainless type alloys in warm, natural seawater. Details of surface preparation, coating application and exposure to 30°C seawater for periods of up to six months are provided. Testing comprised exposure of UNS S31603, UNS N08367 and UNS S20910 in one or more of the following forms: pipe, sheet, welded plate. Results are discussed in terms of alloy resistance to crevice corrosion initiation and propagation. The attributes of coatings as a crevice former are reviewed. While alloy N08367 was clearly the most resistant to crevice corrosion initiation at coating sites, it suffered intense attack in some cases.
Download or read book Recommended Practice for Corrosion Management of Pipelines in Oil Gas Production and Transportation written by Bijan Kermani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-02 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2017. Pipeline integrity is key to maintaining operational success, safety and security and minimising harm to the environment. Corrosion is a dominant contributory factor to failures, leaks and integrity threats in pipelines. Therefore, its optimum control within an integrity management framework is paramount for the cost-effective design of facilities and ensuring continued, uninterrupted and safe operations within the expected design life. This recommended practice (RP) is a compendium of current best practices and state-of-the-art knowledge by major operators, engineering contractors and service companies involved in hydrocarbon pro-duction and transportation. The RP incorporates some minimum operational requirements and practices to ensure that when man-aging corrosion in pipelines, fundamental principles are followed. It covers management of corrosion for pipelines carrying hydrocarbons, injection water and/or produced water from design to decommissioning. It is structured to follow the logical steps of a basic corrosion management process and makes references to relevant and available international standards and/or recommended practices. It is intended for use by personnel from the petroleum industry having knowledge of corrosion and materials. It is hoped that this RP will prove to be a key reference document for engineers, suppliers and con-tractors working in the oil and gas industry, paving the way for corrosion-free operation of pipelines with the ultimate goal of improving safety, security and minimising the impact on the environment
Download or read book Understanding Biocorrosion written by T Liengen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biocorrosion refers to corrosion influenced by bacteria adhering to surfaces in biofilms. Biocorrosion is a major problem in areas such as cooling systems and marine structures where biofilms can develop. This book summarises key recent research in this subject. Part one looks at theories of biocorrosion and measurement techniques. Part two discusses how bacteria and biofilms result in biocorrosion. The final part of the book includes case studies of biocorrosion in areas as diverse as buildings, fuels, marine environments and cooling systems. - Provides a detailed overview of biocorrosion and the different scientific and/or industrial problems related to microbially induced corrosion - Introduces a variety of investigative techniques and methodologies that are employed in diagnosing and evaluating microbially induced corrosion - Includes case studies on: biodeterioration of building materials; biocorrosion issues associated with diesel and biofuels; marine biocorrosion; corrosion of open recirculating cooling water systems and cooling system components; the effect of H2S on steel corrosion
Download or read book Corrosion Under Insulation CUI Guidelines written by Gino De Landtsheer and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-22 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) Guidelines: Technical Guide for Managing CUI, Third Edition, Volume 55 builds upon the success of the first two editions to provide a fully up-to-date, practical source of information on how to monitor and manage insulated systems. In the first edition of this book published in 2008, the EFC Working Parties WP13 and WP15 engaged together to provide guidelines on managing CUI with contributions from a number of European refining, petrochemical, and offshore companies. The guidelines were intended for use on all plants and installations that contain insulated vessels, piping, and equipment, and cover a risk-based inspection methodology for CUI, inspection techniques, and recommended best practices for mitigating CUI. The guidelines include design of plant and equipment, coatings and the use of thermal spray techniques, types of insulation, cladding/jacketing materials, and protection guards. Corrosion-under-insulation (CUI) refers to the external corrosion of piping and vessels that occurs underneath externally clad/jacketed insulation as a result of the penetration of water. By its very nature CUI tends to remain undetected until the insulation and cladding/jacketing is removed to allow inspection, or when leaks occur. CUI is a common problem shared by the refining, petrochemical, power, industrial, onshore and offshore industries. - Provides revised and updated technical guidance on managing CUI provided by EFC Working Parties 13 and 15 - Discusses the standard approach to risk based inspection methodology - Presents the argument that CUI is everywhere, and looks at mitigating actions that can be started from the onset - Includes a wide array of concepts of corrosion mitigation
Download or read book Corrosion Monitoring in Nuclear Systems EFC 56 written by Stefan Ritter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-20 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion remains one of the key issues affecting the performance and availability of nuclear power plants. Therefore, reliable in-plant corrosion monitoring methods are essential both for the future operation of existing plants and to ensure the safety of future nuclear waste disposal systems. In two parts, this book was stimulated by a workshop organised by EFC Working Party 4 on Nuclear Corrosion and the European Cooperative Group on Corrosion Monitoring of Nuclear Materials (EGC-COMON). The first part deals mainly with research into the detection of stress corrosion crack initiation in nuclear power plant environments (essentially high temperature water at around 300 °C) by various methods, particularly the electrochemical noise technique but also including the electrochemical impedance, acoustic emission and direct current potential drop methods. The second part addresses the goal to develop in-situ techniques and includes examples of the application of electrochemical corrosion potential monitoring. This book will be of particular interest to scientists and engineers concerned with the mitigation of corrosion in nuclear systems.
Download or read book Corrosion Management of Seawater Cooling Systems written by Francois Ropital and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-06-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion Management of Seawater Cooling Systems, Volume 71 provides an overview on main seawater heat exchanger systems, different forms of corrosion, biocide treatments, corrosion, scale inhibitors, materials used, coatings and cathodic protection, maintenance, and monitoring and control. The book will be a valuable reference resource for academics, technicians and engineers who are interested in the corrosion management of seawater cooling systems. The evolution of practices in terms of sustainability, materials choice, treatment selection and changes to regulations have demonstrated the need to establish this new guide on recommended best practices that support corrosion management and the development of seawater heat exchangers. Seawater is considered an attractive resource for utilities in many industries such as power plants, refineries and chemical plants. Seawater cooling systems are used in heat exchangers, in once-through cooling water systems, and for recirculating cooling water systems. The metallurgy and materials used in these facilities need to be compatible with seawater and allow good corrosion control. As seawater composition and suspended solids can cause corrosion, scaling, fouling, microbiological growth and macrofouling problems, this book is a necessary addition to the conversation. - Covers key technological developments in corrosion management of seawater cooling systems - Includes coverage of seawater heat exchangers - Provides information on many different forms of corrosion - Presents tactics for the selection of materials, corrosion protections (inhibitors, coatings, cathodic protection) - Discusses maintenance, control, monitoring and inspection
Download or read book Flow Assurance written by Qiwei Wang and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2022-06-25 with total page 803 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum engineers search through endless sources to understand oil and gas chemicals, find problems, and discover solutions while operations are becoming more unconventional and driving towards more sustainable practices. The Oil and Gas Chemistry Management Series brings an all-inclusive suite of tools to cover all the sectors of oil and gas chemicals from drilling to production, processing, storage, and transportation. The second reference in the series, Flow Assurance, delivers the critical chemical oilfield basics while also covering latest research developments and practical solutions. Organized by the type of problems and mitigation methods, this reference allows the engineer to fully understand how to effectively control chemistry issues, make sound decisions, and mitigate challenges ahead. Basics include root cause, model prediction and laboratory simulation of the major chemistry related challenges during oil and gas productions, while more advanced discussions cover the chemical and non-chemical mitigation strategies for more efficient, safe and sustainable operations. Supported by a list of contributing experts from both academia and industry, Flow Assurance brings a necessary reference to bridge petroleum chemistry operations from theory into safer and cost-effective practical applications. Offers full range of oilfield production chemistry issues, including chapters focused on hydrate and organic deposition control, liquid blockage mitigation, and abiotic and microbially influenced corrosion prevention Gain effective control on problems and mitigation strategies from industry list of experts and contributors Delivers both up to date research developments and practical applications, bridging between theory and practice
Download or read book Marine Corrosion of Stainless Steels written by D. Feron and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is Number 33 of the Marine Corrosion of Stainless Steels, a publication of the European Federation of Corrosion (EFC). Part I of this volume on the "Marine Corrosion of Stainless Steels" consists of five chapters and is concerned with tests that were conducted in the 1990s on the corrosivity of European sea waters (Atlantic, Baltic, English Channel, Mediterranean, and North Sea) towards three types of stainless steels. Results from these two test programmes were presented at a European Workshop on Sea Water Corrosion of Stainless Steels in Trondheim in 1996 and at various corrosion conferences, mostly in Europe. The other four chapters in Part I describe experimental procedures, critical pitting temperature data, crevice corrosion results and results from the MAST biofilm studies. The remaining 23 chapters of the book are concerned with reviews and reports that develop the above topics.
Download or read book Seawater Crevice Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steels Coated with Silane and Antifouling Paint Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Normally, stainless steel is utilized without any type of coating whatsoever. However, there are occasions where coatings may be contemplated. One of present interest to the U.S. Navy is that associated with the use of antifouling coatings on ship hulls fabricated of non-magnetic, austenitic stainless steel. Testing in natural seawater has demonstrated that coatings can protect susceptible stainless steel from barnacle related crevice corrosion and localized corrosion at weldments. However, coating defects and damage create new areas for crevice corrosion to initiate. As discussed in an earlier project report documenting contract N00014-97-C-0216, specimens of several grades of stainless steel were extremely susceptible to crevice corrosion when partially coated with epoxy alone, or when top coated with antifouling paints of the ablative-Cu and elastomeric types. The use of zinc-rich primers is known to enhance resistance to crevice corrosion, but their use raises other issues. Of chief concern is the possibility of liquid metal embrittlement if the stainless steel were ever heated above the melting temperature for zinc. This current project addresses the alternate use of organic silane type coatings. Ideally, silane would eliminate the need for a zinc-rich primer and the epoxy barrier coating. Current test results show promise when silane is applied as an ultra-thin film on 6 Mo stainless steel. Additional testing is proposed to resolve potential problems when silane + ablative-Cu coated stainless steel is subjected to cathodic protection. Because of the apparent lack of insulation provided by the thin-film silane, cathodic disbondment of the topcoat has been observed.
Download or read book Engineering Tools for Corrosion written by Luciano Lazzari and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering Tools for Corrosion: Design and Diagnosis proposes models and equations derived from theory. It includes discussions of the estimation of main corrosion parameters for corrosion rate, electrochemical constraints, thresholds limits and initiation time. The algorithms proposed are the conjugation of theory and engineering practice resulting from research and professional activities carried out by the author for almost four decades. - Presents a rational approach to the corrosion prediction and evaluation dilemma - Illustrates new models and algorithms for quantitative estimation of corrosion related factors and parameters - Includes the design and interpretation of accelerated corrosion tests
