Download or read book Mesoscopic Phases in Superconducting Electron Systems written by Philip Adam Kratz and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis explores the conditions under which topological and other exotic superconducting phases may develop and their relationships to disorder and transmission modes in mesoscopic systems, where quantum coherence effects are relevant. First, building on Ginzburg-Landau effective field theory and a London equations phenomenological model for spatially inhomogeneous superconductors with anisotropic order parameters, I discuss experimental resolution limits for scanning superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) susceptometry applied to superconductors exhibiting spatial structure on the scale of the coherence length. Resolution limits in the presence of structural disorder are quantified with theoretical analysis and experimental susceptometry measurements on controlled, nanofabricated hole array structures in niobium films. I discuss potential applications to experimental studies of electronic phase separation and structural disorder in unconventional superconductors and strongly correlated electron systems. Next, I discuss local susceptibility measurements on few-quintuple layer ternary 3D topological insulator (TI) bismuth selenide superconductor bilayers with niobium films. These measurements are motivated by predictions of pairing between helical Dirac carriers in the two-dimensional surface electron gas that lead to emergent properties such as supersymmetry and Majorana quasiparticles. We observe both local suppression and enhancement of diamagnetic susceptibility and critical temperature, which is consistent with structural and lattice disorder in the superconducting films. I discuss several implications for experimental susceptibility measurements of 3D TI NS bilayers using numerical solutions to semiclassical Usadel differential equations in the dirty-limit for superconductor-normal bilayers based on the Eilenberger-Larkin-Ovchinikov approximation. The final part of this dissertation discusses recent measurements of current-phase relations in SNS Josephson junctions on graphene-hBN Van der Waals heterostructures in finite magnetic fields, where we have observed anomalous phase shifts in the current-phase relations near the Dirac point. At the time of this writing, these effects are still not well understood. Our observations appear to be consistent with $\varphi_0$-junction behavior, recently observed in semiconductor quantum dot systems with large spin-orbit coupling, which is indicative of time-reversal and chiral symmetry breaking effects. Qualitatively similar phase shifts have also been observed in magnetoconductance measurements on these devices in the quantum Hall regime by our collaborators, but at much higher magnetic fields ($B> 1$ T). In our measurements at lower fields, this suggests that mixing between electron and hole modes may occur through delocalized states in the ballistic junctions, rather than strictly through scattering in quantum Hall edge states. Broadly, the results presented in this work hopefully will provide a basis for advancing future theoretical and experimental work towards understanding the interplay between topological phases and superconductivity in engineered quantum nanostructures and quantum materials.

Download or read book Mesoscopic Electron Transport written by Lydia L. Sohn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-09-30 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ongoing developments in nanofabrication technology and the availability of novel materials have led to the emergence and evolution of new topics for mesoscopic research, including scanning-tunnelling microscopic studies of few-atom metallic clusters, discrete energy level spectroscopy, the prediction of Kondo-type physics in the transport properties of quantum dots, time dependent effects, and the properties of interacting systems, e.g. of Luttinger liquids. The overall understanding of each of these areas is still incomplete; nevertheless, with the foundations laid by studies in the more traditional systems there is no doubt that these new areas will advance mesoscopic electron transport to a new phenomenological level, both experimentally and theoretically. Mesoscopic Electron Transport highlights selected areas in the field, provides a comprehensive review of such systems, and also serves as an introduction to the new and developing areas of mesoscopic electron transport.

Download or read book Quantum Phenomena in Mesoscopic Systems written by B. Altshuler and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2004-01-28 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a snapshot of the vision shared by outstanding scientists on the key theoretical and experimental issues in Mesoscopic Physics. Quantum properties of electrons in solid state devices and transport in semiconducting and superconducting low-dimensional systems, are discussed, as well as the basis of quantum computing (entanglement, noise decoherence and read-out). Each chapter collects the material presented at a Varenna School course of last year, by leading experts in the field. The reader gets a flavor, how theorists and experimentalists are paving the way to the physical realization of solid state qubits, the basic units of the new logic and memory elements for quantum processing. He will be surprised in finding that mesoscopic solid state devices, which were invented just yesterday ( think of the Single Electron Transistor, or the Cooper Pair Box) are currently used as charge-sensing applications in the equipment of frontier research laboratories. These devices contribute as probing systems to produce evidence on still unsettled questions in topics like the metal-insulator transition in disordered two dimensional systems, quantum Hall conductance in heterostructures, or Kondo conductance in quantum dots.

Download or read book Mesoscopic Electron Transport written by Lydia L. Sohn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ongoing developments in nanofabrication technology and the availability of novel materials have led to the emergence and evolution of new topics for mesoscopic research, including scanning-tunnelling microscopic studies of few-atom metallic clusters, discrete energy level spectroscopy, the prediction of Kondo-type physics in the transport properties of quantum dots, time dependent effects, and the properties of interacting systems, e.g. of Luttinger liquids. The overall understanding of each of these areas is still incomplete; nevertheless, with the foundations laid by studies in the more traditional systems there is no doubt that these new areas will advance mesoscopic electron transport to a new phenomenological level, both experimentally and theoretically. Mesoscopic Electron Transport highlights selected areas in the field, provides a comprehensive review of such systems, and also serves as an introduction to the new and developing areas of mesoscopic electron transport.

Download or read book Toward The Controllable Quantum States Mesoscopic Superconductivity And Spintronics written by Hideaki Takayanagi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003-03-19 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The realizations of physical systems whose quantum states can be directly manipulated have been pursued for experiments on fundamental problems in quantum mechanics and implementations of quantum information devices. Micro-fabricated superconducting systems and electronic spins are among the most promising candidates. This book contains the newest and most advanced research reports on such materials, called “Mesoscopic Superconductivity” and “Spintronics”. The former includes superconductor-semiconductor hybrid systems, very small Josephson junctions, and micron-size SQUIDs. The latter includes the control of spin transports in semiconductor heterostructures, nano-scale quantum dots, and spin injections. Superconductor-ferromagnetic metal hybrid structures are covered by both of the topics.The proceedings have been selected for coverage in:• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings)

Download or read book Quantum Mesoscopic Phenomena and Mesoscopic Devices in Microelectronics written by Igor O. Kulik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum mechanical laws are well documented at the level of a single or a few atoms and are here extended to systems containing 102 to 1010 electrons - still much smaller than the usual macroscopic objects, but behaving in a manner similar to a single atom. Besides the purely theoretical interest, such systems pose a challenge to the achievement of the ultimate microelectronic applications. The present volume presents an up-to-date account of the physics, technology and expected applications of quantum effects in solid-state mesoscopic structures. Physical phenomena include the Aharonov-Bohm effect, persistent currents, Coulomb blockade and Coulomb oscillations in single electron devices, Andreev reflections and the Josephson effect in superconductor/normal/superconductor systems, shot noise suppression in microcontacts and contact resistance quantisation, and overall quantum coherence in mesoscopic and nanoscopic structures related to the emerging physics of quantum computation in the solid-state environment.

Download or read book Mesoscopic Quantum Hall Effect written by Ivan Levkivskyi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-18 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, remarkable progress in the fabrication of novel mesoscopic devices has produced a revival of interest in quantum Hall physics. New types of measurements, more precise and efficient than ever, have made it possible to focus closely on the electronic properties of quantum Hall edge states. This is achieved by applying charge and heat currents at mesoscopic length scales, attaching metallic gates and Ohmic contacts, and splitting edge channels with the help of quantum point contacts. The experiments reveal fascinating new phenomena, such as the interference, statistics, and topological phase shifts of fractionally charged quasi-particles, strong interaction and correlation effects, and phase transitions induced by non-Gaussian fluctuations. The thesis discusses some puzzling results of these experiments and presents a coherent picture of mesoscopic effects in quantum Hall systems, which accounts for integer and fractional filling factors and ranges from microscopic theory to effective models, and covers both equilibrium and non-equilibrium phenomena.

Download or read book Transport of Interacting Electrons in Mesoscopic Systems written by Theodorus H. Stoof and published by Coronet Books. This book was released on 1997 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Correlated Fermions and Transport in Mesoscopic Systems written by Thierry Martin and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1996 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantum Transport in Mesoscopic Systems written by David Sánchez and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-01-06 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mesoscopic physics deals with systems larger than single atoms but small enough to retain their quantum properties. The possibility to create and manipulate conductors of the nanometer scale has given birth to a set of phenomena that have revolutionized physics: quantum Hall effects, persistent currents, weak localization, Coulomb blockade, etc. This Special Issue tackles the latest developments in the field. Contributors discuss time-dependent transport, quantum pumping, nanoscale heat engines and motors, molecular junctions, electron–electron correlations in confined systems, quantum thermo-electrics and current fluctuations. The works included herein represent an up-to-date account of exciting research with a broad impact in both fundamental and applied topics.

Download or read book Mesoscopic Physics Meets Quantum Engineering written by Shevchenko Sergey N and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum mechanics was initially constructed to describe objects on atomic and subatomic scales. However, in the last decades, quantum mechanics has been revisited and its use extended to the study and description of macroscopic distinct states. This is accomplished by modeling basic objects of mesoscopic physics, such as superconducting quantum circuits and low-dimensional structures derived from a two-dimensional electronic gas. In recent years, these devices support the study of fundamental systems such as a two-level quantum system, or qubit, as an object for manipulations and applications. This book will provide an introduction to quantum computation and quantum information, based on quantum physics, solid-state theory, and theory of computing. We will become familiar with this important field and explore how it is inseparably linked to basic notions of physics such as superposition, entanglement, and quantum dynamics. Then we will consider superconducting and mesoscopic systems, as well as a series of phenomena, where important are the spectra quantization, interference, and charge discreteness.This book derives its content from a lecture course designed for graduate students and postdocs who are acquainted with quantum mechanics and statistical physics. In particular, it was developed together with the lecture series taught to 5th year students of the Department of Physics and Technology in V N Karazin Kharkiv National University.

Download or read book Directions In Condensed Matter Physics Memorial Volume In Honor Of Shang keng Ma written by Geoffrey Grinstein and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1986-08-01 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects several in-depth articles giving lucid discussions on new developments in statistical and condensed matter physics. Many, though not all, contributors had been in touch with the late S-K Ma. Written by some of the world's experts and originators of new ideas in the field, this book is a must for all researchers in theoretical physics. Most of the articles should be accessible to diligent graduate students and experienced readers will gain from the wealth of materials contained herein.

Download or read book New Directions in Mesoscopic Physics Towards Nanoscience written by R. Fazio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction and comprehensive survey of the main issues in mesosocopic physics. Topics covered include quantum Hall effects, transport through quantum wires and dots, coherence in mesoscopic systems, spintronics, disordered systems, and solid state quantum computation. Some contributions are dedicated to the connections between nanoscience and biophysics and quantum optics. Although the topics mentioned have many aspects in common, they span a wide area of physics. It is therefore especially important to provide a broad view of this rapidly expanding field. Thanks to the excellent presentations, the book will be found suitable both for young researchers who want to enter the field and stimulating for more experienced scientists.

Download or read book New Perspectives In The Physics Of Mesoscopic Systems Quantum like Descriptions And Macroscopic Cohe written by Renato Fedele and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1997-10-22 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The very fast progress registered during the last few decades in physics has clearly shown the great necessity to give an interdisciplinary character to the scientific programs. This has made the intersection between different branches of physics more and more important. This volume contains theoretical and experimental results concerning the relationships among quantum-like models, macroscopic coherence and stochastic mechanics. The wide range of topics, covering particle accelerator physics, plasma physics, quantum optics, superconductivities and mesoscopic gravitation, is presented from a cross-disciplinary point of view.

Download or read book Quantum Computation and Quantum Information Theory written by Anton Zeilinger and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum information theory has revolutionised our view on the true nature of information and has led to such intriguing topics as teleportation and quantum computation. The field - by its very nature strongly interdisciplinary, with deep roots in the foundations both of quantum mechanics and of information theory and computer science - has become a major subject for scientists working in fields as diverse as quantum optics, superconductivity or information theory, all the way to computer engineers.

Download or read book Quantum Computation And Quantum Information Theory Collected Papers And Notes written by Chiara Macchiavello and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001-01-17 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum information theory has revolutionised our view on the true nature of information and has led to such intriguing topics as teleportation and quantum computation. The field — by its very nature strongly interdisciplinary, with deep roots in the foundations both of quantum mechanics and of information theory and computer science — has become a major subject for scientists working in fields as diverse as quantum optics, superconductivity or information theory, all the way to computer engineers.The aim of this book is to provide guidance and introduce the broad literature in all the various aspects of quantum information theory. The topics covered range from the fundamental aspects of the theory, like quantum algorithms and quantum complexity, to the technological aspects of the design of quantum-information-processing devices. Each section of the book consists of a selection of key papers (with particular attention to their tutorial value), chosen and introduced by leading scientists in the specific area. An entirely new introduction to quantum complexity has been specially written for the book.

Download or read book Mesoscopic Phenomena in Solids written by B.L. Altshuler and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physics of disordered systems has enjoyed a resurgence of interest in the last decade. New concepts such as weak localization, interaction effects and Coulomb gap, have been developed for the transport properties of metals and insulators. With the fabrication of smaller and smaller samples and the routine availability of low temperatures, new physics has emerged from the studies of small devices. The new field goes under the name "mesoscopic physics" and has rapidly developed, both experimentally and theoretically. This book is designed to review the current status of the field. Most of the chapters in the book are devoted to the development of new ideas in the field. They include reviews of experimental observations of conductance fluctuations and the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in disordered metals, theoretical and experimental work on low frequency noise in small disordered systems, transmittancy fluctuations through random barriers, and theoretical work on the distribution of fluctuation quantities such as conductance. Two chapters are not connected directly to the mesoscopic fluctuations but deal with small systems. They cover the effects of Coulomb interaction in the tunneling through the small junctions, and experimental results on ballistic transport through a perfect conductor.