Download or read book Meshless Algorithms for Modelling and Simulation of Cutting of Soft Tissue for Surgical Simulation written by Xia Jin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Truncated abstract] Surgical simulation can extend surgeons' ability to learn, plan and carry out surgical interventions more accurately and less invasively. Despite advances in computational biomechanics, modelling of soft tissue cutting remains one of the most challenging problems in surgical simulation. The significant challenges are posed by the complexity of introducing the cutting-induced discontinuity, the difficulty of modelling geometric and material nonlinearities and the need to achieve a high computation speed. Most published works of surgical simulation use mass-spring models or isotropic linear elastic models to achieve fast computation speed. However, these models cannot account for the intrinsic nonlinear behaviour of soft tissue. In this thesis, a set of novel Meshless Total Lagrangian Adaptive Dynamic Relaxation (MTLADR) algorithms, which takes into account both geometric and material nonlinearities, was developed to robustly simulate the responses of soft tissue during surgery. These algorithms consist of the MTLADR two-dimensional (2D) algorithm, the MTLADR 2D cutting algorithm, the MTLADR three-dimensional (3D) algorithm and the MTLADR 3D cutting algorithm. Belonging to the element-free Galerkin (EFG) family, these algorithms feature a spatial discretisation and approximation based solely on nodes. The accuracy of the algorithms was verified against the established nonlinear static solution procedures available in the commercial finite element software Abaqus. The MTLADR 2D algorithm was developed for 2D simulation of large deformations of soft tissue prior to surgical cutting. The rationale for using the EFG method, the total Lagrangian formulation and the adaptive dynamic relaxation (DR) was demonstrated in this algorithm. Numerical experiments were conducted to predict the 2D responses of a soft tissue-like specimen to a wide range of large strains (up to 100% of the undeformed length). The numerical results agreed well with the Abaqus reference solutions. The MTLADR 2D cutting algorithm was developed for 2D simulation of the steady state responses of soft tissue at any stage of surgical cutting. The cutting-induced discontinuity was introduced by efficiently implementing the visibility criterion with the aid of the level set method. The cutting-induced deformation was then computed by an adaption of the MTLADR 2D algorithm. Numerical experiments were conducted to predict the 2D behaviour of a stretched soft tissue-like specimen during cutting. Since simulation of cutting is not supported by Abaqus, the deformed configuration of a specimen with pre-introduced discontinuities was simulated for verification. The strain energy, reaction force and nodal displacements predicted by the MTLADR 2D cutting algorithm exhibited good agreement with the Abaqus reference solutions. The MTLADR 3D algorithm was developed for 3D simulation of large deformations of soft tissue prior to surgical cutting. This algorithm is a general extension of the MTLADR 2D algorithm. Numerical experiments were conducted to predict the 3D responses of a soft tissue-like specimen to a wide range of large strains (up to 100% of the undeformed length)...

Download or read book Surgery Simulation and Soft Tissue Modeling written by Nicholas Ayache and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-06-04 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Symposium on Surgery Simulation and Soft Tissue Modeling, IS4TM 2003, held in Juan-Les-Pins, France in June 2003. The 33 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 45 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on soft tissue models, haptic rendering, cardiac modeling, and patient specific simulators.

Download or read book A Meshless Method for Computer Integrated Surgery written by Ashley Thomas Horton and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis follows the development of a clinically useful, meshless algorithm for simulation of soft tissue. The algorithm is designed to operate in irregular 3D geometry and allow for automatic discretising. It employs fully nonlinear geometric and material formulations and handles almost incompressible media. It includes multiple parts and contacts while being fast and sufficiently accurate on consumer hardware. Before developing the algorithm, existing commercial software (LS-DYNA) is used to perform some simulations of craniotomy-induced brain shift. The results suggest that the Element Free Galerkin method will be a useful foundation for future simulations. New software is written to implement a non-conforming background grid instead of a structured element mesh for quadrature. Errors introduced by the use of a non-conforming background grid, are an order of magnitude smaller than normal surgical precision. Simulations are performed with arbitrarily placed nodes to allow for irregular geometries, but this often introduces errors and instability. So efficient relationships are developed between node density, shape function support size, explicit time step size, and the non-conforming quadrature grid. Simple geometric problem domains are used to verify the method against an established Finite Element solver. Errors are deemed negligible in the context of clinical applications. The increased flexibility in discretisation and the capacity to handle extreme deformations, are considered more valuable than the small loss of accuracy. Indentation of porcine brains is simulated and compared to experimental data. The results are accurate enough to pursue the method in a more complete surgical simulation. So a complete simulation of craniotomy-induced brain shift involving irregular geometry, nonlinear formulations, arbitrary discretisation, multiple parts, multiple materials, and a contact algorithm is performed. The results demonstrate that realtime simulations are possible on existing consumer hardware. In order to improve efficiency, we consider combining the meshless method with a suitable Finite Element method. Preliminary tests are performed on cylinders and ellipsoids to confirm that the combination functions correctly. In a simulation of tumour growth the combined method is found to be more efficient than a pure meshless method and more stable than a pure Finite Element method. The union of these two methods yields a fast, stable, and efficient simulation. It is concluded that the meshless method has potential for clinical use in surgical simulation.

Download or read book Computational Biomechanics for Medicine written by Martyn P. Nash and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-13 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains contributions from computational biomechanics specialists who present and exchange opinions on the opportunities for applying their techniques to computer-integrated medicine, including computer-aided surgery and diagnostic systems. Computational Biomechanics for Medicine collects peer-reviewed chapters from the annual Computational Biomechanics for Medicine Workshop, in conjunction with the Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention [MICCAI] Society conference. The works are dedicated to research in the field of methods and applications of computational biomechanics to medical image analysis, image-guided surgery, surgical simulation, surgical intervention planning, disease diagnosis and prognosis, analysis of injury mechanisms, implant and prosthesis design, artificial organ design, and medical robotics. These chapters will appeal to a wide range of researchers and students within the fields of engineering and medicine, as well as those working in computational science.

Download or read book Computational Biomechanics for Medicine written by Adam Wittek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the greatest challenges for mechanical engineers is to extend the success of computational mechanics to fields outside traditional engineering, in particular to biology, biomedical sciences, and medicine. This book is an opportunity for computational biomechanics specialists to present and exchange opinions on the opportunities of applying their techniques to computer-integrated medicine. Computational Biomechanics for Medicine: Models, Algorithms and Implementation collects the papers from the Seventh Computational Biomechanics for Medicine Workshop held in Nice in conjunction with the Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention conference. The topics covered include: medical image analysis, image-guided surgery, surgical simulation, surgical intervention planning, disease prognosis and diagnostics, injury mechanism analysis, implant and prostheses design, and medical robotics.

Download or read book Progressive Cutting with Minimal New Element Creation of Soft Tissue Models for Interactive Surgical Simulation written by Andrew B. Mor and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "This thesis deals with the modification of finite element models used in surgical simulation. Surgical simulation offers the promise of enhanced medical training and education. It can provide a more realistic learning environment than many of the methodologies employed today while reducing costs. It also increases the variability of pathologies presented to the student, and can be used for continuing medical education. Simulators can also gain a place in the medical practice, to rehearse difficult or uncommon procedures. While a good deal of work has been done on the underlying soft tissue simulation, cutting and interacting with the model has been relatively ignored. In this thesis, we present a method for simulating cutting of soft tissue within a physically based surgical simulator. The technique works on subdividing tetrahedral meshes while impacting model and simulator efficiency as little as possible. Model stability is addresses [sic] so that the new, cut, model does not cause the simulation to become unstable. Also, within the framework the interactive simulator demonstrated, the user is able to palpate, grasp, and puncture the model."

Download or read book Computational Biomechanics for Medicine written by Karol Miller and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-17 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Biomechanics for Medicine: Solid and fluid mechanics for the benefit of patients contributions and papers from the MICCAI Computational Biomechanics for Medicine Workshop help in conjunction with Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention conference (MICCAI 2020) in Lima, Peru. The content is dedicated to research in the field of methods and applications of computational biomechanics to medical image analysis, image-guided surgery, surgical simulation, surgical intervention planning, disease prognosis and diagnostics, analysis of injury mechanisms, implant and prostheses design, as well as artificial organ design and medical robotics. This book appeals to researchers, students and professionals in the field.

Download or read book Surgery Simulation and Soft Tissue Modeling written by Nicholas Ayache and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-03-12 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Symposium on Surgery Simulation and Soft Tissue Modeling, IS4TM 2003, held in Juan-Les-Pins, France in June 2003. The 33 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 45 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on soft tissue models, haptic rendering, cardiac modeling, and patient specific simulators.

Download or read book A Volumetric Mesh free Deformation Method for Surgical Simulation in Virtual Environments written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surgical simulation for medical training and education is increasingly perceived as a valuable supplement to traditional teaching methods. Recently, soft tissue modeling has become an important research area for surgical simulation and robot-assisted surgery. This area requires high-performance computing and advanced computer graphics algorithms. A majority of previous simulation methods in computer graphics use 2D or 3D meshes. Most of these approaches are based on mass-spring systems, the Finite Element Model (FEM), the Finite Difference Model (FDM) or Boundary Element Model (BEM). In mesh-based approaches, complex physical effects, such as melting, solidifying, splitting or fusion, pose great challenges in terms of restructuring the data set. Additionally, under large deformations the original meshes may become arbitrarily ill-conditioned. Mesh-free methods were developed to establish a system of algebraic equations for the whole domain without using a predefined mesh, which omits explicit connectivity information and thus solves many of the problems with mesh-based systems. This thesis proposes a Point-Based Volumetric Deformation Method (PBVD). It has the advantage that it is very suitable for tissue structure changes occurring merely during cutting and probing operations. Notably such topology changes are hard to handle utilizing mesh-based deformation models. PBVD is not only accurate because it preserves the physical material properties of the deformable object, such as Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio (as the FEM model does), but it is also faster than the FEM model. The PBVD method is developed based on an open-source frame work, SOFA, which is designed especially for surgical simulation, and makes it convenient to compare different deformation algorithms. Presented results show the high fidelity of the visual simulations generated by the PBVD method and its better real-time performance than FEM model.

Download or read book Biomechanics of the Brain written by Karol Miller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-08 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition presents an authoritative account of the current state of brain biomechanics research for engineers, scientists and medical professionals. Since the first edition in 2011, this topic has unquestionably entered into the mainstream of biomechanical research. The book brings together leading scientists in the diverse fields of anatomy, neuroimaging, image-guided neurosurgery, brain injury, solid and fluid mechanics, mathematical modelling and computer simulation to paint an inclusive picture of the rapidly evolving field. Covering topics from brain anatomy and imaging to sophisticated methods of modeling brain injury and neurosurgery (including the most recent applications of biomechanics to treat epilepsy), to the cutting edge methods in analyzing cerebrospinal fluid and blood flow, this book is the comprehensive reference in the field. Experienced researchers as well as students will find this book useful.

Download or read book An Investigation of Soft Tissue Deformation Using Finite Element Modelling for a Virtual Reality Based Endoscopic Surgical Simulator written by Amer Alsaraira and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The simulations of grasping and cutting were performed on three types of tubular segment: surface, hollow and solid. Triangular and quadrilateral elements were used to mesh the surface type, while tetrahedral and hexahedral elements were used to mesh the hollow and solid types. Three different integration methods within FEM were used to calculate the deformation of the segment. The three integration methods were the static implicit, dynamic implicit, and dynamic explicit methods. In the simulation of grapsing the segment, it was found that the visual response of grasping was acceptable using the three integration methods. However, the computational time of grasping the segment using the dynamic explicit method was lower than the computational time using the static and dynamic implicit methods. Therefore, the explicit method is the preferred choice for performing the analysis of soft tissue deformation, and was used to simulate segment cutting. Using the explicit method, three different approaches were used to perform cutting on the virtual anatomy segment. In the first approach, a defined level of logarithmic strain was used to define elements to be deleted during simulated cutting. In this approach, cutting was performed by deleting elements with an isotropic elastic material property with and without defined cutting area (DCA). In the second approach, the cutting was simulated by deleting elements with a traction elastic material property with DCA. The elements were deleted in this approach because as they deformed, they lost their stiffness and caused failure of the elements, leading to degradation of the elements. In the third approach, the cutting of the segment was based on splitting the segment into two parts without the deletion of elements. It was found that these approaches produce an effective simulation of cutting a virtual anatomy segment for most of the three types of the segment in terms of visual response and computational time. The modeling carried out in this research suggests that FEM has significant potential to add realism to the virtual reality laparoscopic simulation and thus to enable the development of instrument-tissue manipulation skills in surgeons in training. In the case of grasping, FEM can clearly show the visual effect of deformation on the tissue grasped and the surrounding tissue. In relation to cutting, FEM can clearly show what is cut and how the surrounding tissue is affected.

Download or read book Real time Knowledge based Fuzzy Logic Model for Soft Tissue Deformation written by Joey Sing Yee Tan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-06 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a real-time and knowledge-based fuzzy logic model for soft tissue deformation. The demand for surgical simulation continues to grow, as there is a major bottleneck in surgical simulation designation and every patient is unique. Deformable models, the core of surgical simulation, play a crucial role in surgical simulation designation. Accordingly, this book (1) presents an improved mass spring model to simulate soft tissue deformation for surgery simulation; (2) ensures the accuracy of simulation by redesigning the underlying Mass Spring Model (MSM) for liver deformation, using three different fuzzy knowledge-based approaches to determine the parameters of the MSM; (3) demonstrates how data in Central Processing Unit (CPU) memory can be structured to allow coalescing according to a set of Graphical Processing Unit (GPU)-dependent alignment rules; and (4) implements heterogeneous parallel programming for the distribution of grid threats for Computer Unified Device Architecture (CUDA)-based GPU computing.

Download or read book Soft Tissue Biomechanical Modeling for Computer Assisted Surgery written by Yohan Payan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the biomechanical modeling of biological tissues in the context of Computer Assisted Surgery (CAS). More specifically, deformable soft tissues are addressed since they are the subject of the most recent developments in this field. The pioneering works on this CAS topic date from the 1980's, with applications in orthopaedics and biomechanical models of bones. More recently, however, biomechanical models of soft tissues have been proposed since most of the human body is made of soft organs that can be deformed by the surgical gesture. Such models are much more complicated to handle since the tissues can be subject to large deformations (non-linear geometrical framework) as well as complex stress/strain relationships (non-linear mechanical framework). Part 1 of the volume presents biomechanical models that have been developed in a CAS context and used during surgery. This is particularly new since most of the soft tissues models already proposed concern Computer Assisted Planning, with a pre-operative use of the models. Then, the volume addresses the two key issues raised for an intra-operative use of soft tissues models, namely (Part 2) “how to estimate the in vivo mechanical behavior of the tissues?” (i.e. what are the values of the mechanical parameters that can deliver realistic patient-specific behavior?) and (Part 3) “how to build a modeling platform that provides generic real-time (or at least interactive-time) numerical simulations?”

Download or read book Manufacturing In The Era Of 4th Industrial Revolution A World Scientific Reference In 3 Volumes written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-01-13 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The era of the fourth industrial revolution has fundamentally transformed the manufacturing landscape. Products are getting increasingly complex and customers expect a higher level of customization and quality. Manufacturing in the Era of 4th Industrial Revolution explores three technologies that are the building blocks of the next-generation advanced manufacturing.The first technology covered in Volume 1 is Additive Manufacturing (AM). AM has emerged as a very popular manufacturing process. The most common form of AM is referred to as 'three-dimensional (3D) printing'. Overall, the revolution of additive manufacturing has led to many opportunities in fabricating complex, customized, and novel products. As the number of printable materials increases and AM processes evolve, manufacturing capabilities for future engineering systems will expand rapidly, resulting in a completely new paradigm for solving a myriad of global problems.The second technology is industrial robots, which is covered in Volume 2 on Robotics. Traditionally, industrial robots have been used on mass production lines, where the same manufacturing operation is repeated many times. Recent advances in human-safe industrial robots present an opportunity for creating hybrid work cells, where humans and robots can collaborate in close physical proximities. This Cobots, or collaborative robots, has opened up to opportunity for humans and robots to work more closely together. Recent advances in artificial intelligence are striving to make industrial robots more agile, with the ability to adapt to changing environments and tasks. Additionally, recent advances in force and tactile sensing enable robots to be used in complex manufacturing tasks. These new capabilities are expanding the role of robotics in manufacturing operations and leading to significant growth in the industrial robotics area.The third technology covered in Volume 3 is augmented and virtual reality. Augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) technologies are being leveraged by the manufacturing community to improve operations in a wide variety of ways. Traditional applications have included operator training and design visualization, with more recent applications including interactive design and manufacturing planning, human and robot interactions, ergonomic analysis, information and knowledge capture, and manufacturing simulation. The advent of low-cost solutions in these areas is accepted to accelerate the rate of adoption of these technologies in the manufacturing and related sectors.Consisting of chapters by leading experts in the world, Manufacturing in the Era of 4th Industrial Revolution provides a reference set for supporting graduate programs in the advanced manufacturing area.

Download or read book Human Centered Technology for a Better Tomorrow written by Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-01 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book acts as a compilation of papers presented in the Human Engineering Symposium (HUMENS 2021). The symposium theme, “Human-centered Technology for A Better Tomorrow,” covers the following research topics: ergonomics, biomechanics, sports technology, medical device and instrumentation, artificial intelligence / machine learning, industrial design, rehabilitation, additive manufacturing, modelling and bio-simulation, and signal processing. Fifty-nine articles published in this book are divided into four parts, namely Part 1—Artificial Intelligence and Biosimulation, Part 2—Biomechanics, Safety and Sports, Part 3—Design and Instrumentation, and Part 4—Ergonomics.

Download or read book Real time Soft Tissue and Suture Simulation written by Joel Brown and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Soft Tissue Modeling for Surgical Simulation and Telemedicine written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this project were to develop computer based models of soft tissues that could eventually be integrated into virtual reality-based surgical simulators. To that end, we have developed a number of computer algorithms that span the scales from the microstructural to the phenomenological, and from 1-D to 3-D. For the 1-D case, we have developed a model of fractional order viscoelasticity. For the 3-D case, we have developed an invariant-based formulation of dispersed isotropy and implemented it in a model of blood vessel. Although the later employs as statistical measure of fiber dispersion, both a essentially phenomenological models. To implement tissue microstructure, we developed a micromechanical model based on the General Method of Cells. Through this model, we were able to model fiber-matrix interactions explicitly. These models are currently being validated and implemented into larger organ simulations.