Download or read book Borders Regions and People written by M. van der Velde and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Latin America written by P. Coffey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latin America's experience with regional economic integration has been only slightly shorter than that of Europe. In fact, the first attempt at integration started as early as 1960, with the creation of LAFTA - the Latin American Free Trade Area (subsequently replaced by LAIA - the Latin American Integration Association). LAFTA, composed of 11 countries, sought, unsuccessfully, to create a free trade area in 12 years. In 1969, the Andean pact, which sought, also unsuccessfully, to create a sub-regional free trade area, was set up. Recently the Presidents of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay signed the Treaty of Asuncion aimed at creating a common market as from 1st January, 1995. This common market, MERCOSUR, will be completed by 2006. In comparison with the earlier and unsuccessful attempts at integration, and despite challenges and problems, both internal and external, MERCOSUR is working, and trade between the member States is increasing. Furthermore, as with the case of the European Union (EU), serious attempts (notably between Argentina and Brazil) are being made to co-ordinate economic and monetary policies. The most important evidence of these moves is the introduction of hard currencies, the reduction in the size of the public sector and the privatization of State assets. These are clearly exciting times for Latin American integration. In this book, the first in a new series of books on International Economic Integration, the authors examine the experience of MERCOSUR in the Latin American integration progress. After an analysis of the history of the moves towards integration in South America, the case of each Member State and the Associate Country is examined and perspectives for the future are assessed.

Download or read book Transport Costs and Natural Integration in Mercosur written by Azita Amjadi and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Deepening Integration in MERCOSUR written by Inter-American Development Bank and published by . This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Informe MERCOSUR n mero 1 julio diciembre 1996 Subregional Integration Report Series MERCOSUR Informes Subregionales de Integraci n MERCOSUR S rie Informes Subregionais de Integra ao MERCOSUL 1 written by and published by BID-INTAL. This book was released on with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mercosur written by Francisco Domínguez and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2004 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays aims to contribute to our understanding of the process of regional integration currently underway in South America. Mercosur is a regional manifestation of a world-wide process of globalisation whose driving force is economic, but which is potentially much more than that. It involves a variety of political, social and cultural processes, some of them barely at an embryonic stage, though each advancing at its own rate of progress. Mercosur's neo-liberal matrix, however, has led to the economic decision-making process being taken outside the realm of politics, thus leaving large sections of the population with no mechanism to influence the integration process so that it addresses their urgent needs and demands.

Download or read book The Political Economy of Integration written by Jeffrey W. Cason and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-10-04 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assesses South America’s most ambitious attempt at economic integration, Mercosur. It explains the main—and inherent—weaknesses of the integration effort, through explicit comparison with the European experience with integration. Jeffrey Cason argues that the three main reasons for Mercosur’s limited success are weak domestic political institutions in the member countries, vulnerability in the global political economy, and a serious imbalance in the economic and political weight of the member countries. In addition to providing this overarching explanation for Mercosur’s limitations, the book tells the story of Mercosur’s genesis, development, and frustrations. This book provides both an explanatory framework for understanding Mercosur and a story. It considers how Mercosur emerged, why it was greeted with great enthusiasm (and huge trade growth), and how it hit stumbling blocks as it sought to be more than it was capable of being. The book also focuses on how and why developing countries are inherently limited in any economic integration project.

Download or read book MERCOSUR and the European Union written by Mikhail Mukhametdinov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-07 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book draws comparison between MERCOSUR and the European Union to explain variation of regionalism and to expose its limits. The project is based on the idea that contemporary examples of regionalism should be evaluated against several propositions of multiple integration theories rather than against a single theory. In order to systematically explain why and how integration outcomes in MERCOSUR differ from those in the EU, the author develops an analytical framework for the comparison of the two blocs. MERCOSUR is compared with the EU by the use of the various criteria of economic interdependence, economic convergence, intra-bloc size and interest asymmetries, cultural diversity and geostrategic motivations, which are identified as the salient parameters of integration theories.

Download or read book Regional Multilateral and Unilateral Trade Policies of MERCOSUR for Growth and Poverty Reduction in Brazil written by Angelo Gurgel and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper determines the impacts of the Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA) for Brazil under alternative assumptions concerning the returns to scale and the nature of competition in several industries, emphasizing the effects on the agribusiness activities. The GTAPinGAMS applied general equilibrium model is used to run the simulations. The results suggest different changes in output, imports, exports, and prices under alternative assumptions about market structure. The FTAA allows the exploitation of economies of scale and reduction of markups in almost all industries, with evidences of rationalizing and pro-competitive effects occurring in the industries under imperfect competition. The welfare gains from the FTAA are larger in the model with market imperfections. If the FTAA excludes products from the agribusiness sectors, the Brazilian agricultural industries will exploit less the economies of scale.

Download or read book Mercosur written by Riordan Roett and published by Lynne Rienner Pub. This book was released on 1999 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overviews the origins, current status, and future evolution of Mercosur, an important regional actor in the Southern Cone of Latin America. Early chapters explain the role of Brazil and its powerful negotiating position in the bloc, and explore complexities of reconciling domestic and foreign policy goals of member countries. Discussion then turns to issues such as finding a regional approach to industrial policy, external trade negotiations, and the US approach to Mercosur and hemispheric integration. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Download or read book 25 Years of MERCOSUR A successful Example of Regional Integration written by Sabrina Schleimer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-06-27 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: 1,3, Berlin School of Economics and Law, language: English, abstract: The following extended term paper will analyse MERCOSUR and examine whether it can be regarded as a successful example of regional integration. To do so, the paper will review the objectives set in the founding treaty, the Treaty of Asunción, and analyse whether they have been fully met. At a glance, the objectives of MERCOSUR were to “eliminate trade barriers, establish a common external tariff, coordinate macroeconomic policies and develop the harmonization of laws” (Arieti, 2006, p. 764). To fulfil these objectives, the development of MERCOSUR was supposed to go through three gradual stages: the first goal was to create a free trade area, this was to be followed by a customs union, and the third and final aim was the creation of a common market. These stages will be analysed to conclude if they have been reached. At the same time, the main achievements and challenges of MERCOSUR’s integration experience will be presented. The limited scope of this term paper does not allow for an analysis of every aspect in great detail. Due to this, the main focus after the theoretical section will be on the area of trade and on the earlier stages of the agreement, as this is most important to establish the success of MERCOSUR as a regional trade agreement and thus highly relevant to find an answer to the research question. In the era of globalisation, international markets have continued to grow in importance. Many regional economic integration agreements have been negotiated and created to improve competitiveness in global trade. One of these regional agreements is the ‘Mercado Común del Sur’ (MERCOSUR), in English ‘Common Market of the Southern Cone’, which was founded by Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay in 1991. Its creation was expected to mark an economic transition of the region as “the conditions for economic expansion were viewed as highly favourable” (ASEAN Studies Centre, 2009, p. 10). 2016 marks the 25th anniversary of MERCOSUR and the regional trade agreement has grown to a significant size over the past years. It is the largest integration agreement in Latin America and the Caribbean, the fourth largest in the world and the fifth biggest economy in the world (MERCOSUR, 2017b). It encompasses around 260 million citizens and had a combined GDP of more than 2.8 trillion USD in 2015 (Campbell, 2015).

Download or read book Transport Costs and Natural Integration in Mercosur written by L. Alan Winters and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: March 1997 Geographic proximity and lower transportation costs are probably not enough for Mercosur to reap big rewards as a natural trading bloc. Amjadi and Winters explore the argument that trade between the Mercosur countries should be stimulated by preferential policies because of their geographic proximity. That is, that the Mercosur countries are candidates for natural integration. They find that, on average, transportation margins on trade within Mercosur and between Mercosur and Chile are about 6 percentage points lower than on trade with the rest of the world. That is a significant margin, and one that was reflected in the countries' trade patterns even before regional trade agreements reduced the policy-based barriers to mutual trade. But it is probably not large enough, in and of itself (without other benefits), to make the introduction of trade preferences desirable. Amjadi and Winters also explore the argument that absolutely high transportation costs between Mercosur and the rest of the world (that is, not relative to intra-Mercosur costs) justify regional trade preferences. For this to apply the introduction of trade preferences must cause the Mercosur countries to cease importing some goods from the rest of the world completely. While Mercosur-rest-of-the-world transport costs certainly are high, trade patterns suggest that very few goods will cease to be imported from the rest of the world. Finally, Amjadi and Winters find that transport margins on imports are, on average, 2 to 4 percentage points higher for Mercosur countries than for the United States. Further research on why this is so is necessary before one can conclude that avoidable inefficiencies are involved. This paper - a product of the International Trade Division, International Economics Department - is part of a larger effort by the department and the Latin America and the Caribbean Region to identify ways to make the most of Mercosur.

Download or read book Cooperation and Competition in a Common Market written by Jaime Behar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays included in this book are the result ofseven years ofresearch spanning the 1990-1997 period. Most of them have been published in scientific magazines or as chapters of books. To the end of this edition, and in order to avoid repetitions, the original texts have been modified, particularly with regard to the titles and introductions ofthe chapters. Chapter two reproduces the article "Economic Integration and Intra-Industry Trade: The Case of the Argentine-Brazilian Free Trade Agreement", published in the Journal of Common Markets (vol XXIX, No 5, pp. 527-552, sept. 1991). Chapter three originates from an empirical study prepared for UNIDO, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. The analytical framework and the preliminary conclusions of that work appeared in a working paper "The MERCOSUR Pattern of Intra-Industry Trade" (RP No 75, Stockholm: LAIS, 1997). Chapter four was published with the title "Plant-size Effects ofTrade: The Case of MERCOSUR Countries" as a chapter of the book Growth Trade and Integration in Latin America (W. Karlsson and A. Malaki (eds. ), Stockholm: LAIS, pp. 297-319, 1996). Chapter five in tum corresponds to the article entitled "Measuring the Effects of Economic Integration for the Southern Cone Countries: Industry Simulations of Trade Liberalization" as published in The Developing Economies (Vol. XXXIII, No 1, pp. 1-31, mars 1995). Finally, chapter six is the revised and updated version of the paper presented at the First European Congress ofLatinamericanists, which took place at Salamanca, Spain in June 1996.

Download or read book Does Mercosur s Trade Performance Raise Concerns about the Effects of Regional Trade Arrangements written by Alexander J. Yeats and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book MERCOSUR Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The trade and cooperation nexus how does the MERCOSUR EU process measure up Occasional Paper ITD Documento de Divulgaci n ITD 22 written by Robert Devlin and published by BID-INTAL. This book was released on 2000 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book How Regional Blocs Affect Excluded Countries written by Won Chang and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Price data on exports to Brazil from countries excluded from MERCOSUR show that preferential trading agreements hurt nonmember countries by compelling them to reduce their prices to meet competition from suppliers within the regional trading bloc.