Download or read book Membrane Interactions of Plant Virus Movement Proteins written by Angus Iain Aitken and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recognition and Response in Plant Virus Interactions written by Ronald S.S. Fraser and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanisms of resistance to plant viruses are diverse, and probably involve different types of recognition events. Often, a cascade of changes affecting broader aspects of defence and metabolism is switched on progressively after the initial recognition event. Virulence, i.e. resistence-breaking behaviour of the virus, involves a failure or alteration of recognition or subsequent signalling. Consequences of these recognition events are the ways in which the pathogenic effects on the host are exerted: formation of visible symptoms and control of plant growth. This volume offers a comprehensive coverage of the recognition and signalling events between plants and viruses whereby the particular attraction of viruses (and viroids) is that they can now be completely defined in molecular terms: they offer excellent opportunities for studying the molecular biology of signalling, and may even provide useful guidelines on how plants and cellular pathogens interact.

Download or read book Plant Virus Interactions written by Tatjana Kleinow and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-13 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant RNA– and DNA-viruses have small genomes and with this limited coding capacity exhibit a strong dependency on host cellular processes and factors to complete their viral life cycle. Various interactions of viral proteins or nucleic acids with host components (proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids and metabolites) evolved, which are essential for a successful systemic spread of viruses within the plant. For example, in plants, transport of endogenous macromolecules like proteins and nucleic acids occurs in a highly selective and regulated manner and viruses exploit these specifically controlled trafficking pathways. Research on plant virus movement is located at the interface of molecular plant virology and plant cell biology. The proposed book project aims to give an overview on the current state of this research and to highlight novel insights into the dynamic interplay between plant viruses and host cells. The book is intended for researchers in plant biology and virology and especially written for those who aim to understand cell biology of virus-plant interactions. ​

Download or read book The Cowpea Mosaic Virus Movement Protein written by C. M. Carvalho and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For systemic infection of a host plant, viruses multiply in the initially infected cell and spread to the neighbouring cells through plasmodesmata (cell-to-cell movement), to eventually reach the vascular system and use the phloem to spread to other plant parts (long-distance movement). To achieve cell-to-cell transport through plasmodesmata, these complex pores in the plant cell wall must be modulated to allow viral passage. Two major types of cell-to-cell transport have been described, movement of the viral genome in a non-encapsidated form, as exemplified by Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), and?tubule-guided? movement of mature virus particles (virions), exemplified by Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV). In both mechanisms one or more virally encoded movement proteins (MP) play an essential role in the targeting of infectious entities from the site of replication to the plasmodesmata, as well as in the subsequent modification of and transport through the modified pores. However, it is generally recognised that intercellular movement is a concerted effort of not only viral factors but also host factors, the knowledge of the latter being very scarce at the moment. With CPMV, the MP polymerises within the plasmodesmal pore into a transport tubule, through which mature virions then are delivered into the neighbouring uninfected cell. Identical tubules are also formed in single plant protoplasts that are infected with CPMV or transfected with the MP gene alone, hence, in the absence of cell wall and plasmodesmata. At the onset of the research presented in this thesis, no information about host proteins interacting with the CPMV MP was available. Such interactions were to be expected, for instance during the process of transport (targeting) of the MP from its site of synthesis to the periphery of the infected cell, the polymerisation process at the plasma membrane, and the structural modification of the plasmodesma. Thus, the research described in this thesis focused on the functioning of the CPMV MP with special emphasis on its interactions with virion proteins and host proteins. For initial studies on these interactions the property of the CPMV MP to assemble into tubules on single cell protoplasts was exploited in Chapter 2. Thus it was shown that virus particles residing in the tubule contain a single deviant species of the small coat protein (S CP) that is larger than the two forms of S CP (S-s and S-f) which are consistently found in virus present in the cytoplasm of infected cells. The nature of the deviation is not known, but the exclusive presence of this deviant S CP in virions that are being transported suggests that the S CP is in some way involved in cell-to-cell movement. Identification of host proteins in isolated tubule fractions by electrophoretic analysis was not successful, but a directed search for potential host proteins by Western blot analysis using specific antibodies indicated the presence of pectin methylesterase (PME) in the plasma membrane surrounding the tubule (Chapter 2). This protein has previously been implicated in cell-to-cell movement of other plant viruses, i.e. TMV, Cauliflower mosaic virus and Turnip vein clearing virus. The PME enzyme is involved in cell wall turnover and affects cell wall rigidity by modulating pH and ion balance. Such cell wall dynamics could be a necessity for the modification of the plasmodesmal pore to enable the insertion of a viral transport tubule. The interaction between the MP and virion proteins was further investigated in Chapter 3. Protein overlay assays and ELISA showed that the MP binds only to its homologous virions and that it is the large (L) coat protein which is involved in this binding. Considering also the deviation found in the S CP of virions within the transport tubules, it is conceivable that both CPs play a crucial but different role in the cell-to-cell movement of CPMV. A C-terminal deletion in MP, which in planta results in a mutant virus defective in cell-to-cell movement and producing tubules devoid of particles, also resulted in the abolishment of L CP binding, thus validating the in vitro binding approaches. The ability of the CPMV MP to bind nucleic acid and rNTP was analysed in Chapter 4. It is shown that MP binds rGTP but no other rNTPs, and by site-directed mutagenesis the GTP binding site was located within a sequence motif conserved among the MPs of tobamo- and comoviruses. The non-GTP-binding mutant MP exhibited disturbed intracellular targeting and tubule formation, suggesting that GTP binding may play a significant role in targeted transport and multimerization of the MP. It was also shown that the MP is capable of binding both ss-RNA and DNA, but not ds nucleic acids. The studies on possible interactions between CPMV MP and host (plasma membrane) proteins were extended in Chapter 5. To identify potential MP-binding host proteins, purified MP was used as a probe in overlay assays and affinity column chromatography to assess plasma membrane proteins for their affinity to the MP. In the blot overlay assays, candidate MP-binding proteins with apparent sizes of 34, 30 and 28 kDa were detected. Further analysis of the cowpea plasma membrane fraction using affinity chromatography also revealed a limited number of eight MP-binding proteins including again a 30 kDa protein band. Sequencing of the 30 kDa protein band revealed that it actually represented a mixture of two protein species, i.e. an aquaporin and a vacuolar-type ATPase. A possible role of these host proteins in viral MP functioning is discussed in Chapter 5. Finally, in the General Discussion (Chapter 6) the results obtained in this thesis research are discussed and integrated in a speculative model for the functioning of the CPMV MP, accommodating the different observed interactions with virion and host proteins.

Download or read book Matthews Plant Virology written by Richard Ellis Ford Matthews and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 1084 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been ten years since the publication of the third edition of this seminal text on plant virology, during which there has been an explosion of conceptual and factual advances. The fourth edition updates and revises many details of the previous editon, while retaining the important older results that constitute the field's conceptual foundation. Key features of the fourth edition include: * Thumbnail sketches of each genera and family groups * Genome maps of all genera for which they are known * Genetic engineered resistance strategies for virus disease control * Latest understanding of virus interactions with plants, including gene silencing * Interactions between viruses and insect, fungal, and nematode vectors * New plate section containing over 50 full-color illustrations.

Download or read book Viral Transport in Plants written by Elisabeth Waigmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-24 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A state-of-the-art overview of the intricate functional virus/host relationships that allow a virus or viroid to move cell-to-cell and systemically through the plant, as well as from plant to plant, and, thus, to spread infection. The book also illustrates the mechanisms by which viruses overcome plant defence responses, such as RNA silencing. Arabidopsis is used as an illustration of a plant host eminently suitable for genetic approaches to identify novel players in plant/virus interactions.

Download or read book Current Research Topics in Plant Virology written by Aiming Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-07 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Topics covered in this book include RNA silencing and its suppression in plant virus infection, virus replication mechanisms, the association of cellular membranes with virus replication and movement, plant genetic resistance to viruses, viral cell-to-cell spread, long distance movement in plants, virus induced ER stress, virus diversity and evolution, virus-vector interactions, cross protection, geminiviruses, negative strand RNA viruses, viroids, and the diagnosis of plant viral diseases using next generation sequencing. This book was anticipated to help plant pathologists, scholars, professors, teachers and advanced students in the field with a comprehensive state-of-the-art knowledge of the subject.

Download or read book Plant Viruses From Ecology to Control written by Jesús Navas Castillo and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant viruses cause many of the most important diseases threatening crops worldwide. Over the last quarter of a century, an increasing number of plant viruses have emerged in various parts of the world, especially in the tropics and subtropics. As is generally observed for plant viruses, most of the emerging viruses are transmitted horizontally by biological vectors, mainly insects. Reverse genetics using infectious clones--available for many plant viruses--has been used for identification of viral determinants involved in virus-host and virus-vector interactions. Although many studies have identified a number of factors involved in disease development and transmission, the precise mechanisms are unknown for most of the virus-plant-vector combinations. In most cases, the diverse outcomes resulting from virus-virus interactions are poorly understood. Although significant advances have been made towards understand the mechanisms involved in plant resistance to viruses, we are far from being able to apply this knowledge to protect cultivated plants from the all viral threats.The aim of this Special Issue was to provide a platform for researchers interested in plant virology to share their recent results. To achieve this, we invited the plant virology community to submit research articles, short communications and reviews related to the various aspects of plant virology: ecology, virus-plant host interactions, virus-vector interactions, virus-virus interactions, and control strategies. This issue contains some of the best current research in plant virology.

Download or read book Plant Virus Interactions written by Elizabeth P.B. Fontes and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-23 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed volume provides practical guidance on techniques in plant-virus interaction research, from targeting specific molecular interactions within the virus-host interactome to the identification of the complete virus-host protein-protein interaction network. After chapters on acquiring the necessary molecular tools, the book continues with biochemical and genetic approaches to confirming protein-protein interactions both in vivo and in vitro, procedures and protocols for assessing replication, translation, viral genome movement, and insect transmission, as well as techniques for detecting multiple molecular interactions between the host and the virus and monitoring immune hubs. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and comprehensive, Plant-Virus Interactions serves as a valuable resource for understanding the protein-protein interaction network between the virus and the host, crucial for comprehending the life cycle of a virus and for developing strategies for broad-spectrum and long-lasting resistance against viral infections.

Download or read book Functional Similarities Between Plant Virus Movement Proteins and Approaches to Creating Transgenic Plants that Restrict Viral Movement written by Bret David Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Plant Virology Protocols written by Gary Foster and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2008-03-07 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the considerable success of the first edition of Plant Virology Protocols, this exciting new edition covers the many new techniques that are now applied to the examination and understanding of plant viruses. Each section presents the most novel methods and step-by-step reproducible laboratory protocols to allow researchers more effective approaches to study plant viruses. This updated book will prove indispensable to laboratory investigators studying plant viruses.

Download or read book Plant Virus Host Interaction written by R.K. Gaur and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant Virus-Host Interaction: Molecular Approaches and Viral Evolution, Second Edition, provides comprehensive coverage of molecular approaches for virus-host interaction. The book contains cutting-edge research in plant molecular virology, including pathogenic viroids and transport by insect vectors, interference with transmission to control viruses, synergism with pivotal coverage of RNA silencing, and the counter-defensive strategies used by viruses to overcome the silencing response in plants. This new edition introduces new, emerging proteins involved in host-virus interactions and provides in-depth coverage of plant virus genes’ interactions with host, localization and expression. With contributions from leading experts, this is a comprehensive reference for plant virologists, molecular biologists and others interested in characterization of plant viruses and disease management. Introduces new, emerging proteins involved during the host-virus interaction and new virus strains that invade new crops through recombination, resorting and mutation Provides molecular approaches for virus-host interaction Highlights RNA silencing and counter-defensive strategies for disease management Discusses the socioeconomic implications of viral spread and mitigation techniques

Download or read book Plant Virology written by Roger Hull and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 1119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seminal text Plant Virology is now in its fifth edition. It has been 10 years since the publication of the fourth edition, during which there has been an explosion of conceptual and factual advances. The fifth edition of Plant Virology updates and revises many details of the previous edition while retaining the important earlier results that constitute the field's conceptual foundation. Revamped art, along with fully updated references and increased focus on molecular biology, transgenic resistance, aphid transmission, and new, cutting-edge topics, bring the volume up to date and maintain its value as an essential reference for researchers and students in the field. - Thumbnail sketches of each genera and family groups - Genome maps of all genera for which they are known - Genetic engineered resistance strategies for virus disease control - Latest understanding of virus interactions with plants, including gene silencing - Interactions between viruses and insect, fungal, and nematode vectors - Contains over 300 full-color illustrations

Download or read book Molecular Biology of Plant Viruses written by Chuni L. Mandahar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two decades ago, recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering ushered in a new era in the study of plant viruses. The major breakthrough came in the eighties, primarily due to the development of new methods for RNA reverse transcription and cDNA cloning, along with restriction enzyme mapping and rapid nucleotide sequencing. An information explosion in various molecular aspects of plant viruses was caused by these studies. Current research efforts investigate the study of viral genomes, genetic maps, genes and gene expression, gene products, and genetic basis of virus functions and biological properties. Molecular Biology of Plant Viruses analyzes, collates and reviews such published information. Additionally, it demonstrates the mechanisms of genetic variability; brings out the molecular basis of virus transport in plants and of virus transmission by vectors and of disease symptomatology; and discusses molecular biology of viroids and transgenic plants. It also treats the recently discovered genetic phenomenon of gene silencing and the gene-for-gene interactions between the hosts and plant viruses. Molecular Biology of Plant Viruses is an excellent reference, providing insight into the exciting research developments made in the field.

Download or read book Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin SYTA Regulates Plant Virus Cell to cell Transport and the Formation of Plasma Membrane derived Endosomes written by Jennifer D. Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Natural and Engineered Resistance to Plant Viruses written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-11-03 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viruses are a huge threat to agriculture. In the past, viruses used to be controlled using conventional methods, such as crop rotation and destruction of the infected plants, but now there are more novel ways to control them. This volume focuses on natural and engineered virus resistance, the two major strategies used for crop protection. - Contributions from leading authorities - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field