Download or read book Mechanisms of Immigration Control written by Grete Brochmann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-06-03 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perhaps the most vexing question facing Europe today is what to do about asylum seekers and people in search of work who arrive daily, some escaping nations where poverty and persecution are, for them, facts of life. Given its costs - both human and economic - immigration policy has understandably become a highly politicized issue. With the abolition of internal borders within the EU, new controls are needed to stop immigration and to prevent non-citizens from working illegally. New external policies are being used, such as early warning systems and visa controls, with the long-term aim of reducing emigration from poor and war-ridden nations. Europe has also intensified its control of internal aliens. But there are limits to how tight a control can be made without violating the norms and values of the democratic state, where human rights should be valid for citizens and non-citizens alike. However, free immigration is not in the interests of the European states. It might undermine labour and housing markets, make planning impossible, and alter the preconditions for welfare states. This timely book addresses the politics and mechanisms of immigration control in Europe in an effort to unravel its complexities and propose sensible solutions. It covers recent events, including racist and populist party politics, as well as changes in the international setting, such as the development within the European Union and Schengen, and the recent refugee crisis in the former Yugoslavia. It will be essential reading for anyone interested in immigration studies, European politics, international relations, anthropology and sociology.

Download or read book Immigration and the Law written by Sofía Espinoza Álvarez and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the era of globalization, shifting political landscapes, and transnational criminal organizations, discourse around immigration is reaching unprecedented levels. Immigration and the Law is a timely and significant volume of essays that addresses the social, political, and economic contexts of migration in the United States. The contributors analyze the historical and contemporary landscapes of immigration laws, their enforcement, and the discourse surrounding these events, as well as the mechanisms, beliefs, and ideologies that govern them. In today’s highly charged atmosphere, Immigration and the Law gives readers a grounded and broad overview of U.S. immigration law in a single book. Encompassing issues such as shifting demographics, a changing criminal justice system, and volatile political climate, the book is critically significant for academic, political, legal, and social arenas. The contributors offer sound evidence to expose the historical legacy of violence, brutality, manipulation, oppression, marginalization, prejudice, discrimination, power, and control. Demystifying the ways that current ideas of ethnicity, race, gender, and class govern immigration and uphold the functioning and legitimacy of the criminal justice system, Immigration and the Law presents a variety of studies and perspectives that offer a pathway toward addressing long-neglected but vital topics in the discourse on immigration and the law. Contributors Sofía Espinoza Álvarez Steven W. Bender Leo R. Chávez Arnoldo De León Daniel Justino Delgado Roxanne Lynn Doty Brenda I. Gill Ruth Gomberg-Muñoz Peter Laufer Lupe S. Salinas Mary C. Sengstock Martin Guevara Urbina Claudio G. Vera Sánchez

Download or read book Extraterritorial Immigration Control written by Bernhard Ryan and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2010 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work analyses the legal challenges posed by contemporary practices of extraterritorial immigration control: visas, pre-embarkation checks and the interception of irregular migrants. It examines the international law framework, and provides case-studies from Europe, Australia and the United States.

Download or read book Interior Immigration Enforcement written by Isabel Josie Anadon and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation examines immigration enforcement within the interior of the United States. Each of the three empirical chapters employs a distinct geographical unit of analysis, state, county, and town. Immigration laws and policies is not simply a matter of national governance, but one that extends well into the interior of the United States. Neither can immigration matters be exclusively the domain of southern border regions and towns. Multi-jurisdictional examination of immigration highlights how borders have extended across states, counties and towns throughout the country. Over the last forty years, the United States has legislated and built an expansive immigration enforcement regime that extends far beyond these border regions well within the country's interior. This dissertation extends empirical, theoretical, and sociological study of U.S. interior immigration enforcement.The first chapter examines restrictive state-level omnibus immigration laws (OILs), using original data to uncover the effects of these laws on compositional change for undocumented, Foreign-born, and Hispanic/Latino populations from 2005 to 2017. Using a quasi-experimental design, I show that by passing omnibus immigration laws, states shape demographic patterns of foreign-born populations. Specifically, I find that states that pass omnibus immigration laws experience a decrease in undocumented and Foreign-born populations relative to states that did not pass similar laws. Effects are estimated each year after the passage of OILs, providing additional insight into the temporal impact of omnibus immigration laws on the settlement patterns of these groups. This paper takes a critical approach by providing theoretical justification to center the role of the subnational in U.S. immigration matters. I find evidence that OILs legislate a unique form of social exclusion within immigrant and undocumented communities living in their jurisdictions. Amid the boom in the late 1980s, there was a rapid increase in the opening of immigrant detention centers. While long-standing legal doctrine deems immigrant detention a civil matter, scholars and activists assert that modern immigrant detention is a form of punishment, effectively erasing the line between the criminal and civil nature of immigration law. Chapter 2 uses data from FOIR (Freedom of Information Requests) to provide a comprehensive historical and spatial analysis of immigrant detention and its connections with the prison boom since 1980. I draw on multiple data sources that, over time, identify that immigrant detention centers are more likely to be opened in towns with prisons. Findings from this study show that towns with detention centers are more likely to have a proximate prison, have greater numbers of Hispanic/Latino populations living in these detention center towns, and worsening economic characteristics over time. By mapping the inequality of place, this paper extends research on how legal violence manifests spatially across towns in the United States. The final chapter advances the literature on the causes, conditions, and consequences of immigrant detention. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in 2016 recommended an increase in the use of private sector involvement in immigrant detention center management. Scholarly empirical research does not fully understand the complex connection between private prison building and immigrant detention center placement in the United States. This study is the first of its kind to examine the likelihood of a county placing an immigrant detention center if a private prison opens from 1980 to 2010 across region and rurality. Findings show that the odds of a county opening an immigrant detention center significantly increase if a prison is present and even more significantly when a private prison is present. In addition, these counties are more likely to attract Hispanic/Latino populations and have more high school graduates than places without immigrant detention centers.

Download or read book Reorganizing the U S Immigration Function written by Demetrios G. Papademetriou and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At current migration rates, about two-thirds of U.S. population growth in the next fifty years will be attributable to immigrants, their children, and their grandchildren. Despite the issue's importance, the Immigration and Naturalization Service has relatively low stature, and no formal structure exists within the Executive Branch for coherent immigration policy development. This is especially problematic because the immigration function cuts across numerous critical policy issues ranging from social security, welfare, and human resources to education, economic competitiveness, law enforcement, and foreign policy. Frustration with INS performance has been mounting for a decade, as have charges that the system is incoherent, overburdened, poorly run, and accountable to no one. Some in Congress now propose dismantling the agency and distributing its functions to other agencies. The authors of this book argue that, among the several reform proposals that have been proffered, theirs is the only effort to redesign the system in light of its fundamental objectives. Their proposal, calling for a new, high-level agency to direct and consolidate the nation's immigration system, also seeks to establish a clear distinction between enforcement and services and to improve the delivery of all programs, including the trouble-plagued services.

Download or read book Fundamental Rights Challenges in Border Controls and Expulsion of Irregular Immigrants in the European Union written by Sergio Carrera and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-02-25 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume examines the extent to which the various authorities and actors currently performing border management and expulsion-related tasks are subject to accountability mechanisms capable of delivering effective remedies and justice for abuses suffered by migrants and asylum seekers. Member states of the European Union and State Parties to the Council of Europe are under the obligation to establish complaint mechanisms allowing immigrants and/or asylum seekers to seek effective remedies in cases where their rights are violated. This book sheds light on the complaint bodies and procedures existing and available in Austria, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Spain, Poland, and Romania. It assesses their role in overseeing, investigating, and redressing cases of human rights violations deriving from violent border and immigration management practices, and expedited expulsion procedures. This book therefore provides an assessment of the practical, legal, and procedural challenges that affect the possibility to lodge complaints and access remedies for human rights violations suffered at the hands of the law enforcement authorities and other security actors operating at land, air, and sea borders, or participating in expulsions procedures – in particular, joint return flights. The volume will be of key interest to students, scholars, and practitioners working on human rights, migration and borders, international law, European law and security studies, EU politics, and more broadly, international relations.

Download or read book Micro Management of Irregular Migration written by Reinhard Schweitzer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides an analysis of the functioning, consequences and inherent limitations of internalised immigration control. By adopting the perspective of irregular residents as well as local service providers, the book sheds new light on the intricate mechanisms that either help or hinder the diffusion of immigration control into concrete institutional settings, like schools or hospitals. A simple and innovative analytical framework enables the systematic comparison of three different spheres of service provision across two distinct local as well as also national contexts. This is necessary to understand the complex interplay between formal law and policy, the intrinsic rules and logics operating within institutions, and the ethical or practical obligations and constraints attached to particular roles and professions. Based on empirical findings and rigorous analysis, the book argues that internalised control is part of the problem that irregular migration poses for society, rather than constituting a potential solution to it.

Download or read book Rights Deportation and Detention in the Age of Immigration Control written by Tom K. Wong and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-13 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immigration is among the most prominent, enduring, and contentious features of our globalized world. Yet, there is little systematic, cross-national research on why countries "do what they do" when it comes to their immigration policies. Rights, Deportation, and Detention in the Age of Immigration Control addresses this gap by examining what are arguably the most contested and dynamic immigration policies—immigration control—across 25 immigrant-receiving countries, including the U.S. and most of the European Union. The book addresses head on three of the most salient aspects of immigration control: the denial of rights to non-citizens, their physical removal and exclusion from the polity through deportation, and their deprivation of liberty and freedom of movement in immigration detention. In addition to answering the question of why states do what they do, the book describes contemporary trends in what Tom K. Wong refers to as the machinery of immigration control, analyzes the determinants of these trends using a combination of quantitative analysis and fieldwork, and explores whether efforts to deter unwanted immigration are actually working.

Download or read book Immigration Control written by Action Group on Immigration and Nationality and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Criminalisation of Migration in Europe written by Valsamis Mitsilegas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first monograph providing a comprehensive legal analysis of the criminalisation of migration in Europe. The book puts forward a definition of the criminalisation of migration as the three-fold process whereby migration management takes place via the adoption of substantive criminal law, via recourse to traditional criminal law enforcement mechanisms including surveillance and detention, and via the development of mechanisms of prevention and pre-emption. The book provides a typology of criminalisation of migration, structured on the basis of the three stages of the migrant experience: criminalisation before entry (examining criminalisation in the context of extraterritorial immigration control, delegation and privatisation in immigration control and the securitisation of migration); criminalisation during stay (examining how substantive criminal law is used to regulate migration in the territory); and criminalisation after entry and towards removal (examining efforts to exclude and remove migrants from the territory and jurisdiction of EU Member States and criminalisation through detention). The analysis focuses on the impact of the criminalisation of migration on human rights and the rule of law, and it highlights how European Union law (through the application of both the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and general principles of EU law) and ECHR law may contribute towards achieving decriminalisation of migration in Europe.

Download or read book Introduction to International Migration written by Jeannette Money and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-05-30 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to International Migration introduces students to state-of-the-art knowledge on international migration, a contemporary issue of central importance to virtually all countries around the globe. Original chapters by prominent women migration scholars cover a complex and multifaceted issue area including various types of migration, the mechanisms of migration governance, the impact of migration on both host and home societies, the migrants themselves in a transnational space, and the nexus between migration and other aspects of globalization. Key topics include labor, gender, citizenship, public opinion, development, security, climate, and ethics. Refugee flows are tracked from beginning to end. Photos, figures, text boxes with real-world examples, discussion questions, and recommended readings provide pedagogical structure for each chapter. Intended as a core text for courses on migration and immigration and a supplement to more general courses in global studies, this book is appropriate for both undergraduate and graduate students in the variety of disciplines that deal with the challenges of international migration. Special Features Consistently structured original chapters by notable scholars include an Introduction, Empirical Overview, Theoretical Evolution, Continuing Issues, and Summary for every chapter. Chapter pedagogy includes Discussion Questions, Suggested Readings, and References as well as a Data Appendix for the book. Photos with thematic captions and Text Boxes on hot topics round out the visual and substantive appeal of the text.

Download or read book The Punitive Meanings of Immigration Control Within the Realm of Criminal Courts Decision Making written by Byron Ernesto Villagómez Moncayo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contemporary convergence between immigration control and criminal justice entails a substantial reconfiguration of immigration control decision-making processes. One of the most significant features of this conversion is the increasing intervention of the criminal judiciary in matters related to immigration control. Deportation can be in many cases a consequence of a criminal conviction for a considerable number of crimes, and bail or sentencing decisions can be influenced by the migratory status and the deportation likelihood of a defendant. Although empirical research upon the convergence between immigration and criminal law has rapidly grown in the last decade, there is still a gap in the literature regarding the judicial decision-making processes and determinants of immigration control within the realm of criminal courts. This research purports to contribute to the scholarly research on such aspects by conducting an in-depth qualitative case-study analysis of a specific court setting. This dissertation focuses on Spain given that its legal migration regime shares many of the substantial aspects of the phenomenon described by the crimmigration concept. Despite irregular migration is not a criminal offence in that country, immigration detention is authorised by criminal judges and there is a series of expulsion (deportation) pathways available within criminal proceedings. Spain is a relevant research location in this regard due to its crucial role at controlling the Southern border of the so-called 'fortress Europe'. Drawing on 78 in-depth semi-structured interviews with judges, prosecutors, court personnel, defence attorneys and other legal professionals, as well as focused observation for a period of eight months, this thesis seeks to ascertain the punitive meanings attributed by criminal court actors to immigration control. This research relies on organisational, social-psychological, and cultural frameworks for explaining judicial decision-making by criminal courts, focusing on immigration detention and expulsion throughout the criminal proceeding, which are in general administrative procedures under judicial supervision by criminal courts. Whilst assuming that the convergence between immigration control and criminal justice is a contemporary mechanism for the social construction of the 'criminal immigrant', the main findings of this study are structured in two parts. The first delves into the idiosyncratic features of immigration detention decision-making, and the second into the meanings ascribed by court actors to so called pre-trial, sentencing and post-sentence expulsion. This analysis evidences that immigration detention decision-making is substantially determined by the convergence of bureaucratically patterned decisional mechanics and the intrinsic criminal justice cultural identity of criminal courts. This embodies Kafkaesque dynamics characterised by automation, thoughtlessness and dehumanisation in decision-making. Furthermore, this research reveals that expulsion is a court's culturally constructed punishment, defined more by the meanings produced and attributed to it by court actors than by its formal legal categorisation. Specifically, this thesis contends that expulsion is assessed by court actors in terms of its suitability for attaining such traditional purposes of punishment as incapacitation, deterrence and retribution. Therefore, this research concludes that immigration detention and expulsion are substantially traversed by the constitutive cultural identity of criminal courts, which in turn determines their key procedural traits and decisional outcomes.

Download or read book Constructing and Imagining Labour Migration written by Ms Sandra Mantu and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-03-28 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labour migration has been on the agenda of many countries around the globe at the same time as governments of both sending and receiving countries have been trying to develop regulatory mechanisms. This book opens the debate on the global politics of labour migration by proposing a re-assessment of the interaction between states regarding labour migration. Presenting case-specific scholarship from leading experts from five different continents, each contribution engages with the changing landscape of migration control and teases out emerging control patterns, dynamics and correlations that can be made between them and existing control paradigms. The multidisciplinary and global focus in 'Constructing and Imagining Labour Migration' sheds much needed light on the mechanisms deployed by states in their attempts to control labour migration and on the manner in which these mechanisms impact upon migrants themselves, leaving some caught up in the politics of labour market control

Download or read book European Integration and Immigration from Third Countries written by Grete Brochmann and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advent of a unified European market, immigration issues have become a high priority on the political agenda. Formerly a marginal topic, immigration has developed into one of the most central and complicated issues of the European Union (EU). The immigration quandary typifies a general dilemma facing the EU countries as they struggle to reconcile national and international interests. The EU countries want to establish a common internal market, removing internal borders to promote competition and growth. This book provides a thorough description and analysis of the dynamics between the EU member states and the Union, and the preconditions for the development of a common immigration policy within the EU.

Download or read book Protecting the Rights of Refugees Beyond European Borders written by Lisa Heschl and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European migration and asylum policy has been shaped by efforts to establish an efficient migration management system in order to protect the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice from the new security threat of "irregular migration". The extraterritorialisation of immigration control measures beyond territorial borders form part of this strategy and the EU-Turkey deal and the call for an increased cooperation with Northern Africa are but two examples. Pre-border control mechanisms composed of administrative, legislative and operational measures, are largely perceived as effective means to channel flows of migrants avoiding logistical and financial burdens for Member States. However, from a legal perspective, this shift to extraterritorial activities raises important questions related to the creation of zones in which responsibilities for legal norms related to the protection of refugees may be circumvented by States or any other actors involved in migration control activities. 'Protecting the Rights of Refugees Beyond European Borders' tries to reconcile the motives behind extraterritorialisation strategies with actual legal consequences. It carefully examines the legal frameworks that govern situations in which a migrant meets an authority in the context of extraterritorial immigration control measures.

Download or read book Immigration as a Social Determinant of Health written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1965 the foreign-born population of the United States has swelled from 9.6 million or 5 percent of the population to 45 million or 14 percent in 2015. Today, about one-quarter of the U.S. population consists of immigrants or the children of immigrants. Given the sizable representation of immigrants in the U.S. population, their health is a major influence on the health of the population as a whole. On average, immigrants are healthier than native-born Americans. Yet, immigrants also are subject to the systematic marginalization and discrimination that often lead to the creation of health disparities. To explore the link between immigration and health disparities, the Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity held a workshop in Oakland, California, on November 28, 2017. This summary of that workshop highlights the presentations and discussions of the workshop.

Download or read book Immigration Outside the Law written by Hiroshi Motomura and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014-05 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A 1975 state-wide law in Texas made it legal for school districts to bar students from public schools if they were in the country illegally, thus making it extremely difficult or even possible for scores of children to receive an education. The resulting landmark Supreme Court case, Plyler v. Doe (1982), established the constitutional right of children to attend public elementary and secondary schools regardless of legal status and changed how the nation approached the conversation about immigration outside the law. Today, as the United States takes steps towards immigration policy reform, Americans are subjected to polarized debates on what the country should do with its "illegal" or "undocumented" population. In Immigration Outside the Law, acclaimed immigration law expert Hiroshi Motomura takes a neutral, legally-accurate approach in his attention and responses to the questions surrounding those whom he calls "unauthorized migrants." In a reasoned and careful discussion, he seeks to explain why unlawful immigration is such a contentious debate in the United States and to offer suggestions for what should be done about it. He looks at ways in which unauthorized immigrants are becoming part of American society and why it is critical to pave the way for this integration. In the final section of the book, Motomura focuses on practical and politically viable solutions to the problem in three public policy areas: international economic development, domestic economic policy, and educational policy. Amidst the extreme opinions voiced daily in the media, Motomura explains the complicated topic of immigration outside the law in an understandable and refreshingly objective way for students and scholars studying immigration law, policy-makers looking for informed opinions, and any American developing an opinion on this contentious issue"--