Download or read book Mechanisms and Optimization Methods of 13C Dynamic Nuclear Polarization written by Peter James Niedbalski and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a technique that probes the microscopic environment of molecules by investigating the interaction between nuclear magnetic moments and the magnetic field in which they reside. Nuclear magnetic moments, however, are very weak, causing the Boltzmann polarization of nuclei and hence the NMR signal to be very small. This may be resolved through the use of dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), a process by which high electron polarization is transferred to nuclei through microwave irradiation near the electron resonance. In this work, primary focus is given to dissolution DNP in which nuclei are highly polarized at cryogenic temperature and then rapidly dissolved with a superheated solvent. This process results in a liquid sample whose NMR signal is enhanced many thousand-fold over thermal equilibrium. While applications of this technique are abundant, there are many unanswered questions surrounding the underlying physics and methods of optimization of the DNP process. In this work, some of these open questions are investigated through development of instrumentation and exploration of DNP free radicals. In particular, the construction of two high magnetic field DNP polarizers are discussed, one of which is the first of a new generation of cryogen-free polarizers. Furthermore, the water soluble DNP free radicals TEMPO and trityl are thoroughly investigated with a specific emphasis on the addition of paramagnetic ion complexes. Over the course of these experiments, several paramagnetic agents were tested for the first time and proven to be effective to a similar degree as the field standard gadolinium. Additionally, the link between shortened electronic T1 and improved DNP efficiency was con firmed through the study of transition metal complex dopants to DNP. A number of supporting experiments are also discussed, including Earth's field NMR and classification of free radicals by UV-Vis spectrophotometry and electron paramagnetic resonance. Finally, several basic molecular imaging applications of dissolution DNP are presented highlighting one of the many possible uses of hyperpolarized 13C NMR spectroscopy. Ultimately, this dissertation presents and discusses a number of novel methods by which 13C dynamic nuclear polarization may be optimized, paving the way for further study into the physics and applications of this technique.

Download or read book The Chemistry of Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Probes written by Eul Hyun Suh and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2024-06-01 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chemistry of Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Probes, Volume Seven focuses on the chemical aspects of hyperpolarized NMR/MRI technology, with synthesis and characterizations of labeled compounds discussed from a practical point-of-view. A brief overview of the various hyperpolarization techniques are given, with the optimization of hyperpolarization conditions and the determination of critical parameters such as polarization level and T1 relaxation values described. A practical guide on the in vivo applications of hyperpolarized compounds in small animals is also included. - Helps readers understand the structural features that determine the properties of HP-probes, such as chemical shift and relaxation times - Aids readers in selecting stable isotope labeled probes for hyperpolarized NMR/MRI applications - Teachers readers how to use the most appropriate synthetic methodology for the labeled probes - Covers how to find the most suitable polarization technique (DNP, PHIP etc.) for the probe

Download or read book 13C Dynamic Nuclear Polarization at 7 T and 3 7 35 K Using a Quasi optical 200 GHZ Setup written by Shamon Alexander Walker and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Only a 6.77% 13C polarization was found with the more highly 13C concentrated pure [1-13C]pyruvic acid sample (p-Pure). For all samples, EPR linewidths and T1e are heavily temperature dependent in the range 3.7-35 K. T1e values, for all samples, at 8.5 T seem to follow the direct process and are much smaller than what has been reported in literature[1-4] for identical systems at lower magnetic fields. The electron phase memory time (TM) doesn't seem to have much effect on the buildup of nuclear polarization (TDNP) or the DNP enhancement but that the two strongest factors in determining equilibrium DNP enhancements are T1e and T1n. However, when T1n becomes sufficiently long T1e seems to be dominating the DNP process.

Download or read book High Resolution 1H 2D 13C 29Si and 15N Dynamic Nuclear Polarization written by Kun-Hsiang Tsai and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hyperpolarization Methods in NMR Spectroscopy written by Lars T. Kuhn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elucidating Organic Reaction Mechanisms using photo-CIDNP Spectroscopy, by Martin Goez. Parahydrogen Induced Polarization by Homogeneous Catalysis: Theory and Applications, by Kerstin Münnemann et al. Improving NMR and MRI Sensitivity with Parahydrogen, by R. Mewis & Simon Duckett. The Solid-state Photo-CIDNP Effect, by Jörg Matysik et al. Parahydrogen-induced Polarization in Heterogeneous Catalytic Processes, by Igor Koptyug et al. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy, by U. Akbey & H. Oschkinat. Photo-CIDNP NMR Spectroscopy of Amino Acids and Proteins, by Lars T. Kuhn.

Download or read book Development of Polarizing Agents for Dissolution dynamic Nuclear Polarization Technique written by Saket Patel and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NMR and MRI play a key role in science and notably in chemistry and clinical research. Both NMR and MRI techniques suffer from sensitivity limitation and hyperpolarization can help push back this limitation by increasing the signal by 1-4 orders of magnitudes. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is one of the most widely used method to overcome the sensitivity limitation of NMR/MRI. This thesis concerns the design and synthesis of new improved UV-induced non-persistent polarizing agents for dissolution DNP and matrix dependence of the magnetic properties of free radical at high magnetic field and low temperature. The DNP efficiency of UV-induced polarizing agents has been tested at 6.7 T and 1 K. Herein, we overcome the issue of providing UV-radical precursors that are not involved in any metabolic pathway, improvement in generated radical yield, and 13C dDNP performances. The DNP efficiency of these radicals was tested for the [U-2H, U-13C]-D-glucose and 13C-dihydroxyacetone (DHAc). In the optimal conditions, for glucose polarization, a usable liquid-state polarization of 32% has been achieved, the highest value reported in the literature to date. Additionally, photo-irradiation of phenylglyoxylic acid (PhGA) using visible (Vis) light instead of UV-light produced a non-persistent radical that can be used to hyperpolarize UV-sensitive probes. Furthermore, matrix dependence and effect of [Gd] 3+ complex on trityl radical (AH111501) relaxation time (T1e), high field EPR study, and dDNP experiment on [U-2H, U-13C]-D-glucose has been studied at 6.7 T.

Download or read book The 1H and 13C Dynamic Nuclear Polarization DNP Enhancement for Novel Silica Phase Immobilized Nitroxide SPIN Samples written by Rossitza K. Gitti and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book 49th ENC written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experimental Approaches of NMR Spectroscopy written by The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Society of Japan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-23 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the advanced developments in methodology and applications of NMR spectroscopy to life science and materials science. Experts who are leaders in the development of new methods and applications of life and material sciences have contributed an exciting range of topics that cover recent advances in structural determination of biological and material molecules, dynamic aspects of biological and material molecules, and development of novel NMR techniques, including resolution and sensitivity enhancement. First, this book particularly emphasizes the experimental details for new researchers to use NMR spectroscopy and pick up the potentials of NMR spectroscopy. Second, the book is designed for those who are involved in either developing the technique or expanding the NMR application fields by applying them to specific samples. Third, the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Society of Japan has organized this book not only for NMR members of Japan but also for readers worldwide who are interested in using NMR spectroscopy extensively.

Download or read book Electron Paramagnetic Resonance written by Bruce C Gilbert and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2010-12-16 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and critical review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading authorities in the relevant subject, the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist with regular critical in-depth accounts of progress in particular areas of chemistry. Subject coverage of all volumes is very similar and publication is on an annual or biennial basis. As EPR continues to find new applications in virtually all areas of modern science, including physics, chemistry, biology and materials science, this series caters not only for experts in the field, but also those wishing to gain a general overview of EPR applications in a given area.

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of High Field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization written by Vladimir K. Michaelis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) as a technique for sensitivity-enhancement in solid-state NMR spectroscopy This comprehensive handbook is a compendium of the current state-of-the art of high field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization—from long-proven, early developments, up to today’s hot topics. It covers all the relevant subjects that have made a direct or indirect contribution toward advancing this field, and focuses on topics such as: the theory behind the effects seen within DNP; instrumentation required for carrying out DNP; and specific applications of DNP including protein monitoring, catalysis, nanoparticles, biological and clinical studies. Development and application of techniques that have indirectly contributed to advancing MAS DNP NMR, such as DNP experiments on static solids within microwave resonant structures, and high-field EPR, are also examined. Handbook of High Field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization is presented in three sections—Theoretical Aspects, DNP Development (instrumentation / radical / sample), and DNP NMR Applications. The first section offers chapters on; solid and cross effect DNP; thermal mixing; Overhauser; and dissolution DNP. The second looks at: microwave technology, gyrotron, and IOE; homebuilt and commercial DNP spectrometers; and glassing vs. solvent-free DNP. The final section provides information on; amyloid, membrane, and nanocrystalline proteins; metals, and surface enhanced DNP; pharmaceuticals; nanoparticles; and much more. Covers one of the biggest developing fields in magnetic resonance Relevant to students, academics, and industry within the physical, materials, medical, and biochemical sciences An excellent starting point and point-of-reference for researchers in the field Edited by a widely respected team with contributions from key researchers in the NMR community Part of the eMagRes Handbook Series Handbook of High Field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization is an ideal reference for all researchers and graduate students involved in this complex, interdisciplinary field. About eMagRes Handbooks eMagRes publishes a wide range of online articles on all aspects of magnetic resonance in physics, chemistry, biology and medicine. The existence of this large number of articles, written by experts in various fields, is enabling the publication of a series of eMagRes Handbooks on specific areas of NMR and MRI. The chapters of each of these handbooks will comprise a carefully chosen selection of eMagRes articles. In consultation with the eMagRes Editorial Board, the eMagRes Handbooks are coherently planned in advance by specially-selected Editors, and new articles are written to give appropriate complete coverage. The handbooks are intended to be of value and interest to research students, postdoctoral fellows and other researchers learning about the scientific area in question and undertaking relevant experiments, whether in academia or industry. Have the content of this Handbook and the complete content of eMagRes at your fingertips! Visit: www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/ref/eMagRes

Download or read book Introduction to the Physics of Gyrotrons written by Gregory S. Nusinovich and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2020-03-03 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As unique sources of coherent high-power, microwave, and millimeter-wave radiation, gyrotrons are an essential part of the hunt for controlled fusion. Presently, gyrotrons are actively used for electron cyclotron resonance plasma heating and current drive in various controlled fusion reactors. These sources have been under development in many countries for more than forty years. In spite of their widespread use, however, there is as yet no single book to introduce non-specialists to this vital field. Now Gregory S. Nusinovich, an early pioneer of the gyrotron and widely regarded today as the world's leading authority on the subject, explains the fundamental physical principles upon which gyrotrons and related devices operate. Nusinovich first sets forth some "rules of thumb" that allow readers to understand gyrotron operation in simple terms. He then explores the fundamentals of the general theory of gyrotrons and offers an overview of the various types of gyro-devices, including gyromonotrons, gyroklystrons, gyro-traveling-wave tubes, and gyrotwystrons. He explains not only the theory, linear and nonlinear, but also the practical challenges that users of such devices face. This book will be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students as well as to those who develop gyrotrons or who use them in various applications. It should also appeal to plasma physicists interested in charged-particle dynamics, as well as to applied physicists needing to know more about micro- and millimeter-wave technologies.

Download or read book Compact NMR written by Bernhard Blümich and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-08-22 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this book is to provide an introduction to the practical use of mobile NMR at a level as basic as the operation of a smart phone. Each description follows the same didactic pattern: introduction, basic theory, pulse sequences and parameters, beginners-level measurements, advanced-level measurements, and data processing. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is the most popular method for chemists to analyze molecular structures while Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive diagnostic tool for medical doctors that provides high-contrast images of biological tissue depicting the brain function and the beating heart. In both applications large super-conducting magnets are employed which magnetize atomic nuclei of an object positioned inside the magnet. Their circulating motion is interrogated by radio-frequency waves. Depending on the operating mode, the frequency spectrum provides the chemist with molecular information, the medical doctor with anatomic images, while the materials scientist is interested in NMR relaxation parameters, which scale with material properties and determine the contrast in magnetic resonance images. Recent advances in magnet technology led to a variety of small permanent magnets, by which NMR spectra, images, and relaxation parameters can be measured with mobile and low-cost instruments.

Download or read book Modern NMR Methodology written by Henrike Heise and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NMR Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis at Low Magnetic Fields, by Stefan Glöggler, Bernhard Blümich, Stephan Appelt Dynamic Nuclear Hyperpolarization in Liquids, by Ulrich L. Günther NMR with Multiple Receivers, by Eriks Kupce TROSY NMR Spectroscopy of Large Soluble Proteins, by Yingqi Xu, Stephen Matthews Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy of Proteins, by Henrik Müller, Manuel Etzkorn, Henrike Heise Paramagnetic Solid-State Magic-Angle Spinning NMR Spectroscopy, by Guido Pintacuda, Gwendal Kervern

Download or read book Modern Methods in Solid state NMR written by Paul Hodgkinson and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2018-04-05 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid-state NMR covers an enormous range of material types and experimental techniques. Although the basic instrumentation and techniques of solids NMR are readily accessible, there can be significant barriers, even for existing experts, to exploring the bewildering array of more sophisticated techniques. In this unique volume, a range of experts in different areas of modern solid-state NMR explain about their area of expertise, emphasising the “practical aspects” of implementing different techniques, and illustrating what questions can and cannot be addressed. Later chapters address complex materials, showing how different NMR techniques discussed in earlier chapters can be brought together to characterise important materials types. The volume as a whole focusses on topics relevant to the developing field of “NMR crystallography” – the use of solids NMR as a complement to diffraction crystallography. This book is an ideal complement to existing introductory texts and reviews on solid-state NMR. New researchers wanting to understand new areas of solid-state NMR will find each chapter to be the equivalent to spending time in the laboratory of an internationally leading expert, learning the hints and tips that make the difference between knowing about a technique and being ready to put it into action. With no equivalent on the market, it will be of interest to every solid-state NMR researcher (academic and postgraduate) working in the chemical sciences.

Download or read book NMR of Paramagnetic Molecules written by Ivano Bertini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-09-15 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NMR of Paramagnetic Molecules: Applications to Metallobiomolecules and Models, Second Edition is a self-contained, comprehensive reference for chemists, physicists, and life scientists whose research involves analyzing paramagnetic compounds. Since the previous edition of this book was published, there have been many advancements in the field of paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy. This completely updated and expanded edition contains the latest fundamental theory and methods for mastery of this analytical technique. Users will learn how to interpret the NMR spectra of paramagnetic molecules, improve experimental techniques, and strengthen their understanding of the underlying theory and applications. - Reflects all advances in the field in a completely updated new edition - Presents new material on self-orientation residual dipolar couplings, solid state NMR, dynamic nuclear polarization, and paramagnetic restraints for structure calculations - Includes information relevant to paramagnetic molecules, metallobiomolecules, paramagnetic compounds, and paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy - Presents specific examples of paramagnetic inorganic species and experimental techniques for structure characterization