Download or read book Mechanisms and Biogeochemical Implications of the Mid Cretaceous Global Organic Carbon Burial Events written by Marcel Martinus Maria Kuijpers and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Treatise on Geochemistry written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-10-19 with total page 14787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!

Download or read book Driving Mechanisms of Organic Carbon Burial in the Early Cretaceous South Atlantic and Southern Ocean written by Wolf Dummann and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sediments Diagenesis and Sedimentary Rocks written by F.T. Mackenzie and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-11-22 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers the formation and biogeochemistry of a variety of important sediment types from their initial formation through their conversion (diagenesis) to sedimentary rocks. The volume deals with the chemical, mineralogical, and isotopic properties of sediments and sedimentary rocks and their use in interpreting the environment of formation and subsequent events in the history of sediments, and the nature of the ocean-atmosphere system through geological time. Reprinted individual volume from the acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry, (10 Volume Set, ISBN 0-08-043751-6, published in 2003). - Comprehensive and authoritative scope and focus - Reviews from renowned scientists across a range of subjects, providing both overviews and new data, supplemented by extensive bibliographies - Extensive illustrations and examples from the field

Download or read book Treatise on Geochemistry written by K.K. Turekian and published by Elsevier Science. This book was released on 2003-12-18 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Treatise on Geochemistry is the first work providing a comprehensive, integrated summarry of the present state of geochemistry. It deals with all the major subjects in the field, ranging from the chemistry of the solar system to environmental geochemistry. The Treatise on Geochemistry has drawn on the expertise of outstanding scientists throughout the world, creating the reference work in geochemistry for the next decade. Each volume consists of fifteen to twenty-five chapters written by recognized authorities in their fields, and chosen by the Volume Editors in consultation with the Executive Editors. Particular emphasis has been placed on integrating the subject matter of the individual chapters and volumes. Elsevier also offers the Treatise on Geochemistry in electronic format via the online platform ScienceDirect®, the most comprehensive database of academic research on the Internet today, enhanced by a suite of sophisticated linking, searching and retrieval tools.

Download or read book Geologica Ultraiectina written by and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Exploring the Geochemical Fingerprints of an Oceanic Anoxic Event During the Late Cretaceous written by Jeremiah David Owens and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the causes and consequences of oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) has been at the forefront of paleoceanography studies for the last several decades. The Mesozoic Era is noted for numerous OAEs that are diagnostically expressed by widespread organic-carbon deposition and coeval positive carbon-isotope excursions. OAEs have been extensively studied from angles but there is still minimal understanding of the global nature of these events. Through the work presented here I aim to quantify the global extent of euxinia (water column that is anoxic and contains sulfide) and seek to understand global extent of anoxia using a multi-geochemical-proxy approach. This work includes high-resolution studies spanning multiple sections with a global distribution for each proxy (sulfur isotopes, Mo, V and Cr trace metal, Fe isotopes) from OAE2, the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event (~93.9 Ma). Coupled carbon and sulfur isotopes show positive isotope excursions at each locality during OAE2; although, the peak magnitudes of these shifts are offset by approximately a few hundred thousand years due to a waning burial of organic carbon and pyrite burial. Geochemical box modeling suggests 2 to 7% of the seafloor sediments were deposited under euxinic conditions. While, Mo trace metal geochemistry suggests similar results with values of ~10% euxinia and V and Cr depletions prior to euxinia imply increased global anoxia prior to the OAE. An organic carbon compilation suggest the known burial of organic carbon during OAE2 may account for the entire isotope excursion observed unless there is an major change increase in volcanic or weathering fluxes. However, Fe isotopes suggest there was not a pervasive increased signal for hydrothermal delivery of Fe except to the know euxinic basins. Quantitative consideration of these cycles is of paramount importance for constraining the budgets of carbon and sulfur, but also oxygen and other key biological elements, as we seek to improve our understanding of the mechanisms behind the initiation and termination of OAEs.

Download or read book Interactions of C N P and S Biogeochemical Cycles and Global Change written by Roland Wollast and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a natural extension of the SCOPE (Scientific Committee of Problems on the Environment) volumes on the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) biogeochemical cycles and their interactions (Likens, 1981; Bolin and Cook, 1983). Substantial progress in the knowledge of these cycles has been made since publication of those volumes. In particular, the nature and extent of biological and inorganic interactions between these cycles have been identified, positive and negative feedbacks recognized and the relationship between the cycles and global environmental change preliminarily elucidated. In March 1991, a NATO Advanced Research Workshop was held for one week in Melreux, Belgium to reexamine the biogeochemical cycles of C, N, P and S on a variety of time and space scales from a holistic point of view. This book is the result of that workshop. The biogeochemical cycles of C, N, P and S are intimately tied to each other through biological productivity and subsequently to problems of global environmental change. These problems may be the most challenging facing humanity in the 21 st century. In the broadest sense, "global change" encompasses both changes to the status of the large, globally connected atmospheric, oceanic and terrestrial environments (e. g. tropospheric temperature increase) and change occurring as the result of nearly simultaneous local changes in many regions of the world (e. g. eutrophication).

Download or read book Natural Sulfurization of Carbohydrates in Marine Sediments written by Bart Egidius van Dongen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Role of Petrogenic Carbon in Cenozoic Climate Events written by Shelby Lyons and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ancient, sedimentary carbon, known as petrogenic carbon, has the potential to dramatically influence Earth's global carbon cycle. While petrogenic carbon is preserved on geologic timescales, weathering and transport processes can remobilize and oxidize it within the Earth's ocean-atmosphere system, ultimately leaking carbon from Earth's crust to its actively cycled surface pools. The release of petrogenic carbon to Earth's exogenic system serves as both a driver for and a response to climate change. As a climate driver, CO2 released from petrogenic carbon oxidation can cause warming, while petrogenic carbon burning can drive soot into Earth's upper atmosphere and cause anti-greenhouse effects and cooling. As a climate response, the rates of erosion and oxidation of petrogenic carbon are enhanced by climate warming and associated intensification of the water cycle. Predictions for Earth's future are informed by our understanding of the drivers, responses, and feedbacks to climate change in Earth's past. Unfortunately, little is known about geosphere-to-biosphere reduced carbon fluxes in Earth's history. Although petrogenic carbon may have responded to or driven climatic change in Earth's past, it is difficult to distinguish and quantitatively assess petrogenic carbon release from ancient sedimentary records. Thus, studies of climatic events in Earth's history document many carbon cycle responses to climatic and environmental perturbations, but typically do not include the role of petrogenic carbon. Here, I present methods to identify and determine the effects of petrogenic carbon release on Earth's past climate system and carbon cycle. The Paleocene, an epoch lasting from 66 to 56 million years ago, was bracketed by two climatic perturbations: the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary impact and the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Here, I determine whether petrogenic carbon release was a contributing driver for the K-Pg mass extinction and whether it was a response to the PETM hyperthermal. The PETM hyperthermal (~56 Ma) serves as the best-known ancient analogue for anthropogenic climate change due to the amount and rate of CO2 released. Using hopanoid thermal maturity assessments of sediments from the Mid-Atlantic and Tanzania, I determined petrogenic carbon delivery to coastal sediments increased 15 to 50 times during the PETM and lagged the initiation of PETM warming on the order of 104 years. The associated oxidation of petrogenic carbon released between 102 to 104 PgC of CO2 to Earth's oceans and atmospheres over 104 to 105 years. I suggest the oxidation of petrogenic carbon extended the PETM duration for many thousands of years. While intensified erosion can remobilize petrogenic carbon and drive CO2 release to the atmosphere, it can also drive biosphere carbon burial, which draws down atmospheric CO2. I further assess the coevolution of biosphere and petrogenic carbon burial in response to the PETM hyperthermal using coastal n-alkane records from the US Atlantic coastal plain. I demonstrate enhanced burial of terrigenous biosphere carbon commenced ~4--15 kyr into the event and maintained the region's effectiveness as a CO2 sink. Petrogenic carbon remobilization and oxidation to CO2 lagged the PETM onset by ~21--83 kyr. Organic matter transport in the Mid-Atlantic transformed from a CO2 drawdown to a CO2 release mechanism. The petrogenic carbon was likely released from the Appalachian region and oxidized during transport in response to warmer, higher-CO2 climates. If this also took place globally, then CO2 released from petrogenic carbon oxidation had the ability to transform fluvial organic matter transport processes in coastal regions from CO2 sinks into CO2 sources, and ultimately could have extended the duration of hyperthermal events for 10's to 100's of thousands of years. Additionally, I assessed if petrogenic carbon release was a contributing driver to the K-Pg mass extinction. The asteroid impact at the Yucatán carbonate platform ~66 million years ago vaporized a ~3 km-thick section of carbonates and evaporites and released 325 ± 130 Pg of sulfur, 425 ± 160 Pg CO2, and dust that drove the cooling and darkness. Global K-Pg boundary records contain burn markers, which were derived from wildfires and/or the ejection of petrogenic carbon from the target rock. Soot sourced from the target rock would have resided high enough in the atmosphere to block sunlight, and likely contributed to global cooling and darkness that drove the extinction. I assessed the character and potential sources for K-Pg associated petrogenic carbon using polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) isomer and alkylation patterns preserved in sediments from the Chicxulub crater and distal, deep ocean sites. PAH isomer patterns suggest K-Pg boundary burn markers were formed via rapid heating, while their alkylation patterns suggest a petrogenic source. I determined that K-Pg boundary PAHs were partially derived from vaporized petrogenic carbon, and we suggest petrogenic carbon was injected into the stratosphere and contributed to global darkness and cooling. In this dissertation, I present evidence that petrogenic carbon release has both initiated and served as a feedback to climatic and environmental perturbations in Earth's history. I demonstrate fluxes of reduced carbon from Earth's geosphere to its biosphere changed Earth's climate in the past, and I suggest it has significant potential impacts on Earth's future climate.

Download or read book The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric CO2 written by Eric T. Sundquist and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Deep Carbon written by Beth N. Orcutt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to carbon inside Earth - its quantities, movements, forms, origins, changes over time and impact on planetary processes. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Download or read book Marine Petroleum Source Rocks written by James Brooks and published by Blackwell Science. This book was released on 1987 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evolution of the Cretaceous Ocean climate System written by Enriqueta Barrera and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds written by Xiumian Hu and published by SEPM Soc for Sed Geology. This book was released on 2009 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy written by Michael Montenari and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-30 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy, Volume Five in the Advances in Sequence Stratigraphy series, covers research in stratigraphic disciplines, including the most recent developments in the geosciences. This fully commissioned review publication aims to foster and convey progress in stratigraphy with its inclusion of a variety of topics, including Carbon isotope stratigraphy - principles and applications, Interpreting Phanerozoic d13C patterns as periodic glacio-eustatic sequences, Stable carbon isotopes in archaeological plant remains, Review of the Upper Ediacaran-Lower Cambrian Detrital Series in Central and North Iberia: NE Africa as possible Source Area, Calibrating d13C and d18O chemostratigraphic correlations across Cambrian strata of SW, and much more. - Contains contributions from leading authorities in the field - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field - Aims to foster and convey progress in stratigraphy, including geochronology, magnetostratigraphy, lithostratigraphy, event-stratigraphy, and more

Download or read book Large Igneous Provinces written by Richard E. Ernst and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large igneous provinces (LIPs) are intraplate magmatic events, involving volumes of mainly mafic magma upwards of 100,000 km3, and often above 1 million km3. They are linked to continental break-up, global environmental catastrophes, regional uplift and a variety of ore deposit types. In this up-to-date, fascinating book, leading expert Richard E. Ernst explores all aspects of LIPs, beginning by introducing their definition and essential characteristics. Topics covered include continental and oceanic LIPs; their origins, structures, and geochemistry; geological and environmental effects; association with silicic, carbonatite and kimberlite magmatism; and analogues of LIPs in the Archean, and on other planets. The book concludes with an assessment of LIPs' influence on natural resources such as mineral deposits, petroleum and aquifers. This is a one-stop resource for researchers and graduate students in a wide range of disciplines, including tectonics, igneous petrology, geochemistry, geophysics, Earth history, and planetary geology, and for mining industry professionals.