Download or read book Mechanics of Silicon Electrodes in Lithium Ion Batteries written by Yonghao An and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As one of the most promising materials for high capacity electrode in next generation of lithium ion batteries, silicon has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years. Advanced characterization techniques and atomic simulations helped to depict that the lithiation/delithiation of silicon electrode involves processes including large volume change (anisotropic for the initial lithiation of crystal silicon), plastic flow or softening of material dependent on composition, electrochemically driven phase transformation between solid states, anisotropic or isotropic migration of atomic sharp interface, and mass diffusion of lithium atoms. Motivated by the promising prospect of the application and underlying interesting physics, mechanics coupled with multi-physics of silicon electrodes in lithium ion batteries is studied in this dissertation. For silicon electrodes with large size, diffusion controlled kinetics is assumed, and the coupled large deformation and mass transportation is studied. For crystal silicon with small size, interface controlled kinetics is assumed, and anisotropic interface reaction is studied, with a geometry design principle proposed. As a preliminary experimental validation, enhanced lithiation and fracture behavior of silicon pillars via atomic layer coatings and geometry design is studied, with results supporting the geometry design principle we proposed based on our simulations. Through the work documented here, a consistent description and understanding of the behavior of silicon electrode is given at continuum level and some insights for the future development of the silicon electrode are provided.
Download or read book Mechanics of Deformation and Fracture of Silicon Electrodes in High capacity Lithium ion Batteries written by Haoran Wang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lithium Batteries written by Bruno Scrosati and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains the current state of the science and points the way to technological advances First developed in the late 1980s, lithium-ion batteries now power everything from tablet computers to power tools to electric cars. Despite tremendous progress in the last two decades in the engineering and manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries, they are currently unable to meet the energy and power demands of many new and emerging devices. This book sets the stage for the development of a new generation of higher-energy density, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries by advancing battery chemistry and identifying new electrode and electrolyte materials. The first chapter of Lithium Batteries sets the foundation for the rest of the book with a brief account of the history of lithium-ion battery development. Next, the book covers such topics as: Advanced organic and ionic liquid electrolytes for battery applications Advanced cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries Metal fluorosulphates capable of doubling the energy density of lithium-ion batteries Efforts to develop lithium-air batteries Alternative anode rechargeable batteries such as magnesium and sodium anode systems Each of the sixteen chapters has been contributed by one or more leading experts in electrochemistry and lithium battery technology. Their contributions are based on the latest published findings as well as their own firsthand laboratory experience. Figures throughout the book help readers understand the concepts underlying the latest efforts to advance the science of batteries and develop new materials. Readers will also find a bibliography at the end of each chapter to facilitate further research into individual topics. Lithium Batteries provides electrochemistry students and researchers with a snapshot of current efforts to improve battery performance as well as the tools needed to advance their own research efforts.
Download or read book Lithium Ion Batteries written by Xianxia Yuan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a group of top scientists and engineers in academic and industrial R&D, Lithium-Ion Batteries: Advanced Materials and Technologies gives a clear picture of the current status of these highly efficient batteries. Leading international specialists from universities, government laboratories, and the lithium-ion battery industry share th
Download or read book Silicon Anode Systems for Lithium Ion Batteries written by Prashant N. Kumta and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicon Anode Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries is an introduction to silicon anodes as an alternative to traditional graphite-based anodes. The book provides a comprehensive overview including abundance, system voltage, and capacity. It provides key insights into the basic challenges faced by the materials system such as new configurations and concepts for overcoming the expansion and contraction related problems. This book has been written for the practitioner, researcher or developer of commercial technologies. Provides a thorough explanation of the advantages, challenge, materials science, and commercial prospects of silicon and related anode materials for lithium-ion batteries Provides insights into practical issues including processing and performance of advanced Si-based materials in battery-relevant materials systems Discusses suppressants in electrolytes to minimize adverse effects of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and safety limitations associated with this technology
Download or read book Lithium ion Batteries Enabled by Silicon Anodes written by Chunmei Ban and published by IET. This book was released on 2021-08-26 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Model predictive control (MPC) is a method for controlling a process while satisfying a set of constraints. The use of MPC for controlling power systems has been gaining traction in recent years. This work presents the use of MPC for distributed renewable power generation in microgrids.
Download or read book Mitigating Mechanical Failure of Crystalline Silicon Electrodes for Lithium Batteries by Morphological Design Morphological Design of Silicon Electrode with Anisotropic Interface Reaction Rate for Lithium Ion Batteries written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although crystalline silicon (c-Si) anodes promise very high energy densities in Li-ion batteries, their practical use is complicated by amorphization, large volume expansion and severe plastic deformation upon lithium insertion. Recent experiments have revealed the existence of a sharp interface between crystalline Si (c-Si) and the amorphous LixSi alloy during lithiation, which propagates with a velocity that is orientation dependent; the resulting anisotropic swelling generates substantial strain concentrations that initiate cracks even in nanostructured Si. Here we describe a novel strategy to mitigate lithiation-induced fracture by using pristine c-Si structures with engineered anisometric morphologies that are deliberately designed to counteract the anisotropy in the crystalline/amorphous interface velocity. This produces a much more uniform volume expansion, significantly reducing strain concentration. Based on a new, validated methodology that improves previous models of anisotropic swelling of c-Si, we propose optimal morphological designs for c-Si pillars and particles. The advantages of the new morphologies are clearly demonstrated by mesoscale simulations and verified by experiments on engineered c-Si micropillars. The results of this study illustrate that morphological design is effective in improving the fracture resistance of micron-sized Si electrodes, which will facilitate their practical application in next-generation Li-ion batteries. In conclusion, the model and design approach present in this paper also have general implications for the study and mitigation of mechanical failure of electrode materials that undergo large anisotropic volume change upon ion insertion and extraction.
Download or read book Lithium ion Batteries written by Perla B. Balbuena and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This invaluable book focuses on the mechanisms of formation of a solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the electrode surfaces of lithium-ion batteries. The SEI film is due to electromechanical reduction of species present in the electrolyte. It is widely recognized that the presence of the film plays an essential role in the battery performance, and its very nature can determine an extended (or shorter) life for the battery. In spite of the numerous related research efforts, details on the stability of the SEI composition and its influence on the battery capacity are still controversial. This book carefully analyzes and discusses the most recent findings and advances on this topic.
Download or read book Electrodes for Li ion Batteries written by Laure Monconduit and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electrochemical energy storage is a means to conserve electrical energy in chemical form. This form of storage benefits from the fact that these two energies share the same vector, the electron. This advantage allows us to limit the losses related to the conversion of energy from one form to another. The RS2E focuses its research on rechargeable electrochemical devices (or electrochemical storage) batteries and supercapacitors. The materials used in the electrodes are key components of lithium-ion batteries. Their nature depend battery performance in terms of mass and volume capacity, energy density, power, durability, safety, etc. This book deals with current and future positive and negative electrode materials covering aspects related to research new and better materials for future applications (related to renewable energy storage and transportation in particular), bringing light on the mechanisms of operation, aging and failure.
Download or read book Electrochemical Systems written by John Newman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-11-27 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of the cornerstone text on electrochemistry Spans all the areas of electrochemistry, from the basicsof thermodynamics and electrode kinetics to transport phenomena inelectrolytes, metals, and semiconductors. Newly updated andexpanded, the Third Edition covers important new treatments, ideas,and technologies while also increasing the book's accessibility forreaders in related fields. Rigorous and complete presentation of the fundamentalconcepts In-depth examples applying the concepts to real-life designproblems Homework problems ranging from the reinforcing to the highlythought-provoking Extensive bibliography giving both the historical developmentof the field and references for the practicing electrochemist.
Download or read book Electrodes for Li ion Batteries written by Laure Monconduit and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-02 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electrochemical energy storage is a means to conserve electrical energy in chemical form. This form of storage benefits from the fact that these two energies share the same vector, the electron. This advantage allows us to limit the losses related to the conversion of energy from one form to another. The RS2E focuses its research on rechargeable electrochemical devices (or electrochemical storage) batteries and supercapacitors. The materials used in the electrodes are key components of lithium-ion batteries. Their nature depend battery performance in terms of mass and volume capacity, energy density, power, durability, safety, etc. This book deals with current and future positive and negative electrode materials covering aspects related to research new and better materials for future applications (related to renewable energy storage and transportation in particular), bringing light on the mechanisms of operation, aging and failure.
Download or read book Chemo mechanics of Lithium ion Battery Electrodes written by Claudio V. Di Leo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanical deformation plays a crucial role both in the normal operation of a Lithium-Ion battery, as well as in its degradation and ultimate failure. This thesis addresses the theoretical formulation, numerical implementation, and application of fully-coupled deformation-diffusion theories aimed at two different classes of electrode materials: (i) phase-separating electrodes, and (ii) amorphous Silicon electrodes, which are elaborated on next. Central to the study of phase-separating electrodes is the coupling between mechanical deformation and the Cahn-Hilliard phase-field theory. We have formulated a thermodynamically consistent theory which couples Cahn-Hilliard species diffusion with large elastic deformations of a body. Through a split-method, we have numerically implemented our theory, and using our implementation we first studied the diffusion-only problem of spinodal decomposition in the absence of mechanical deformation. Second, we studied the chemomechanically- coupled problem of lithiation of isotropic spheroidal phase-separating electrode particles. We showed that the coupling of mechanical deformation with diffusion is crucial in determining the lithiation morphology, and hence the Li distribution, within these particles. Amorphous silicon (a-Si), when fully lithiated, has a theoretical capacity ~~ 10 times larger than current-generation graphite anodes. However, the intercalation of such a large amount of Li into a-Si induces very large elastic-plastic deformations. We have formulated and numerically implemented a fully-coupled deformation-diffusion theory, which accounts for transient diffusion of lithium and accompanying large elastic-plastic deformations. We have calibrated our theory, and applied it to modeling galvanostatic charging of hollow a- Si nanotubes whose exterior walls have been oxidized to prevent outward expansion. Our predictions of the voltage vs. state-of-charge (SOC) behavior at various charging rates (Crate) are in good agreement with experiments from the literature. Through simulation, we studied how plastic deformation affects the performance of a-Si-based anodes by reducing stress, thus enabling higher realizable capacities, and introducing dissipation. Finally, in order to design a-Si-based anodes aimed at mitigating failure of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), we have formulated and studied a continuum theory for the growth of an SEI layer - a theory which accounts for the generation of growth stresses.
Download or read book Optimization of Mechanical and Electrochemical Performances of Silicon Electrode in Lithium ion Batteries written by Qifang Yin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hard X ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy HAXPES written by Joseph Woicik and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-26 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first complete and up-to-date summary of the state of the art in HAXPES and motivates readers to harness its powerful capabilities in their own research. The chapters are written by experts. They include historical work, modern instrumentation, theory and applications. This book spans from physics to chemistry and materials science and engineering. In consideration of the rapid development of the technique, several chapters include highlights illustrating future opportunities as well.
Download or read book Nanomaterials for Lithium Ion Batteries written by Rachid Yazami and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the most recent advances in the science and technology of nanostructured materials for lithium-ion application. With contributions from renowned scientists and technologists, the chapters discuss state-of-the-art research on nanostructured anode and cathode materials, some already used in commercial batteries and others still in development. They include nanostructured anode materials based on Si, Ge, Sn, and other metals and metal oxides together with cathode materials of olivine, the hexagonal and spinel crystal structures.
Download or read book Mechanics of Lithium ion Battery Electrodes written by Elizabeth Moine Cler Jones and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemo mechanics of Alloy based Electrode Materials for Li ion Batteries written by Yifan Gao and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium alloys with metallic or semi-metallic elements are attractive candidate materials for the next-generation rechargeable Li-ion battery anodes, thanks to their large specific and volumetric capacities. The key challenge, however, has been the large volume changes, and the associated stress buildup and failure during cycling. The chemo-mechanics of alloy-based electrode materials entail interactions among diffusion, chemical reactions, plastic flow, and material property evolutions. In this study, a continuum theory of two-way coupling between diffusion and deformation is formulated and numerically implemented. Analyses based on this framework reveal three major conclusions. First, the stress-to-diffusion coupling in Li/Si is much stronger than what has been known in other electrode materials. Practically, since the beneficial effect of stress-enhanced diffusion is more pronounced at intermediate or higher concentrations, lower charging rates should be used during the initial stages of charging. Second, when plastic deformation and lithiation-induced softening take place, the effect of stress-enhanced diffusion is neutralized. Because the mechanical driving forces tend to retard diffusion when constraints are strong, even in terms of operational charging rate alone, Li/Si nano-particles are superior to Li/Si thin films or bulk materials. Third, the diffusion of the host atoms can lead to significant stress relaxation even when the stress levels are below the yield threshold of the material, a beneficial effect that can be leveraged to reduce stresses because the host diffusivity in Li/Si can be non-negligible at higher Li concentrations. A theory of coupled chemo-mechanical fracture driving forces is formulated in order to capture the effect of deformation-diffusion coupling and lithiation-induced softening on fracture. It is shown that under tensile loading, Li accumulates in front of crack tips, leading to an anti-shielding effect on the energy release rate. For a pre-cracked Li/Si thin-film electrode, it is found that the driving force for fracture is significantly lower when the electrode is operated at higher Li concentrations -- a result of more effective stress relaxation via global yielding. The results indicate that operation at higher concentrations is an effective means to minimize failure of thin-film Li/Si alloy electrodes.
