Download or read book Mechanical Behavior of Tissue Simulants and Soft Tissues Under Extreme Loading Conditions written by Zeynep Ilke Kalcioglu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in computer-integrated surgery and in tissue-engineered constructs necessitate advances in experimental and analytical techniques in characterizing properties of mechanically compliant materials such as gels and soft tissues, particularly for small sample volumes. One goal of such developments is to quantitatively predict and mimic tissue deformation due to high rate impact events typical of industrial accidents and ballistic insults. This aim requires advances in mechanical characterization to establish tools and design principles for tissue simulant materials that can recapitulate the mechanical responses of hydrated soft tissues under dynamic contact-loading conditions. Given this motivation, this thesis studies the mechanical properties of compliant synthetic materials developed for tissue scaffold applications and of soft tissues, via modifying an established contact based technique for accurate, small scale characterization under fully hydrated conditions, and addresses some of the challenges in the implementation of this method. Two different engineered material systems composed of physically associating block copolymer gels, and chemically crosslinked networks including a solvent are presented as potential tissue simulants for ballistic applications, and compared directly to soft tissues from murine heart and liver. In addition to conventional quasistatic and dynamic bulk mechanical techniques that study macroscale elastic and viscoelastic properties, new methodologies are developed to study the small scale mechanical response of the aforementioned material systems to concentrated impact loading. The resistance to penetration and the energy dissipative constants are quantified in order to compare the deformation of soft tissues and mechanically optimized simulants, and to identify the underlying mechanisms by which the mechanical response of these tissue simulant candidates are modulated. Finally, given that soft tissues are biphasic in nature, atomic force microscopy enabled load relaxation experiments are utilized to develop approaches to distinguish between poroelastic and viscoelastic regimes, and to study how the anisotropy of the tissue structure affects elastic and transport properties, in order to inform the future design of tissue simulant gels that would mimic soft tissue response.
Download or read book Biomechanical Models for Soft Tissue Simulation written by Walter Maurel and published by Springer. This book was released on 1998 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of biomechanical modeling of human soft tissue using nonlinear theoretical mechanics and incremental finite element methods, useful for computer simulation of the human musculoskeletal system.
Download or read book Dynamic Behavior of Materials Volume 1 written by Tom Proulx and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-27 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic Behavior of Materials represents one of eight volumes of technical papers presented at the Society for Experimental Mechanics Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, held at Uncasville, Connecticut, June 13-16, 2011. The full set of proceedings also includes volumes on Mechanics of Biological Systems and Materials, Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials and Processes in Conventional and Multifunctional Materials, MEMS and Nanotechnology; Optical Measurements, Modeling and, Metrology; Experimental and Applied Mechanics, Thermomechanics and Infra-Red Imaging, and Engineering Applications of Residual Stress.
Download or read book Skin Biophysics written by Georges Limbert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents state-of-the-art experimental and modelling techniques for skin biophysics that are currently used in academic and industrial research. It also identifies current and future challenges, as well as a growing number of opportunities in this exciting research field. The book covers the basics of skin physiology, biology, microstructural and material properties, and progressively introduces the reader to established experimental characterisation protocols and modelling approaches. Advanced topics in modelling theories and numerical implementation are also presented. The book focusses especially on: 1. Basic physiology, molecular biology, microstructural and material properties of the skin. 2. Experimental characterisation techniques for the skin (including imaging): in vivo and in vitro techniques and combination of those with in silico approaches. 3. State-of-the-art constitutive models of the skin: elastic, anelastic and mechanobiological formulations (e.g. growth, ageing, healing). 4. Applications: mechanics, damage, biological growth, healing, ageing and skin tribology. This book is addressed to postgraduate students in biomedical/mechanical/civil engineering, (bio)physics and applied mathematics, postdoctoral researchers, as well as scientists and engineers working in academia and industry engaged in skin research, particularly, if at the cross-roads of physical experiments, imaging and modelling. The book is also be of interest to clinicians/biologists who wish to learn about the possibilities offered by modern engineering techniques for skin science research and, by so doing, provide them with an incentive to broaden their outlook, engage more widely with the non-clinical research communities and, ultimately, help cross-fertilising new ideas that will lead to better treatment plans and engineering solutions.
Download or read book Opportunities in Biotechnology for Future Army Applications written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-11 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report surveys opportunities for future Army applications in biotechnology, including sensors, electronics and computers, materials, logistics, and medical therapeutics, by matching commercial trends and developments with enduring Army requirements. Several biotechnology areas are identified as important for the Army to exploit, either by direct funding of research or by indirect influence of commercial sources, to achieve significant gains in combat effectiveness before 2025.
Download or read book The Science and Engineering of Cutting written by Tony Atkins and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2009-07-15 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The materials mechanics of the controlled separation of a body into two or more parts – cutting – using a blade or tool or other mechanical implement is a ubiquitous process in most engineering disciplines. This is the only book available devoted to the cutting of materials generally, the mechanics of which (toughness, fracture, deformation, plasticity, tearing, grating, chewing, etc.) have wide ranging implications for engineers, medics, manufacturers, and process engineers, making this text of particular interest to a wide range of engineers and specialists. - The only book to explain and unify the process and techniques of cutting in metals AND non-metals. The emphasis on biomaterials, plastics and non-metals will be of considerable interest to many, while the transfer of knowledge from non-metals fields offers important benefits to metal cutters - Comprehensive, written with this well-known author's lightness of touch, the book will attract the attention of many readers in this underserved subject - The clarity of the text is further enhanced by detailed examples and case studies, from the grating of cheese on an industrial scale to the design of scalpels
Download or read book Engineering Viscoelasticity written by Danton Gutierrez-Lemini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-12 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering Viscoelasticity covers all aspects of the thermo- mechanical response of viscoelastic substances that a practitioner in the field of viscoelasticity would need to design experiments, interpret test data, develop stress-strain models, perform stress analyses, design structural components, and carry out research work. The material in each chapter is developed from the elementary to the esoteric, providing the background in mathematics and mechanics that are central to understanding the subject matter being presented. This book also examines how viscoelastic materials respond to the application of loads, and provides practical guidelines to use them in the design of commercial, military and industrial applications.
Download or read book Strength of Biological Materials written by Hiroshi Yamada and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Imaging of Complex Media with Acoustic and Seismic Waves written by Mathias Fink and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-03-12 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this interdisciplinary book, leading experts in underwater acoustics, seismology, acoustic medical imaging and non-destructive testing present basic concepts as well as the recent advances in imaging. The different subjects tackled show significant similarities.
Download or read book Biodynamic Excisional Skin Tension Lines for Cutaneous Surgery written by Sharad P. Paul and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-02 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a detailed review of the ‘state-of-the art’ of skin lines in cutaneous surgery. Surgical literature is inundated with references to Langer’s Lines, Cleavage Lines, Wrinkle Lines and Relaxed Skin Tension Lines, but this title discusses the difference between these and incisional and excisional lines biomechanically, introducing the concept of biodynamic excisional skin tension (BEST) Lines. The problem with current concepts of skin tension lines is that they seem to differ in different textbooks, and lines for surgical egress, which work in conditions of low tension, are not necessarily suitable for skin cancer surgery. Biodynamic Excisional Skin Tension Lines for Cutaneous Surgery describes skin biomechanics, the properties of collagen and elastin, lower limb skin vascularity and also maps BEST lines across the body, making it a great reference guide for plastic or dermatologic surgery worldwide. As such, it will be beneficial for anyone performing cutaneous surgery and skin cancer excisions in clinical practice, or for those planning further research into skin biomechanics to read this volume.
Download or read book Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-01-07 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report from the Committee on Military Nutrition Research reviews the history of caffeine usage, the metabolism of caffeine, and its physiological effects. The effects of caffeine on physical performance, cognitive function and alertness, and alleviation of sleep deprivation impairments are discussed in light of recent scientific literature. The impact of caffeine consumption on various aspects of health, including cardiovascular disease, reproduction, bone mineral density, and fluid homeostasis are reviewed. The behavioral effects of caffeine are also discussed, including the effect of caffeine on reaction to stress, withdrawal effects, and detrimental effects of high intakes. The amounts of caffeine found to enhance vigilance and reaction time consistently are reviewed and recommendations are made with respect to amounts of caffeine appropriate for maintaining alertness of military personnel during field operations. Recommendations are also provided on the need for appropriate labeling of caffeine-containing supplements, and education of military personnel on the use of these supplements. A brief review of some alternatives to caffeine is also provided.
Download or read book Adipose Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine written by Yves-Gerard Illouz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-07 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The therapeutic potential of the use of adipose stem cells in regenerative medicine has been increasingly recognized, and in recent years concrete clinical benefits have accrued as these cells have been explored for a variety of applications. This readable and informative textbook tracks the progress that has been made in this fascinating new area of biomedicine. All aspects of the subject are considered, with particular attention to adipose cell biology, adipose tissue engineering strategies, and the diverse clinical applications of adipose stem cells. Funding issues, industrial approaches, regulatory challenges, and future directions are also examined. The two editors have vast experience in the field and have chosen leading experts from different countries to write on each topic. This book will excite the interest of all researchers, clinicians, and students wishing to gain an in-depth understanding of adipose stem cells and their flourishing role in regenerative medicine.
Download or read book 2018 IEEE EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences IECBES written by IEEE Staff and published by . This book was released on 2018-12-03 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IECBES is a series of bi annual conference since 2010 The conference will provide excellent platform for knowledge exchange between researchers, scientists, academicians and engineers working in the areas of biomedical engineering It is open for local and international participants
Download or read book War Surgery written by Christos Giannou and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying CD-ROM contains graphic footage of various war wound surgeries.
Download or read book Electrospun Nanofibers written by Mehdi Afshari and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-13 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrospun Nanofibers covers advances in the electrospinning process including characterization, testing and modeling of electrospun nanofibers, and electrospinning for particular fiber types and applications. Electrospun Nanofibers offers systematic and comprehensive coverage for academic researchers, industry professionals, and postgraduate students working in the field of fiber science. Electrospinning is the most commercially successful process for the production of nanofibers and rising demand is driving research and development in this field. Rapid progress is being made both in terms of the electrospinning process and in the production of nanofibers with superior chemical and physical properties. Electrospinning is becoming more efficient and more specialized in order to produce particular fiber types such as bicomponent and composite fibers, patterned and 3D nanofibers, carbon nanofibers and nanotubes, and nanofibers derived from chitosan. - Provides systematic and comprehensive coverage of the manufacture, properties, and applications of nanofibers - Covers recent developments in nanofibers materials including electrospinning of bicomponent, chitosan, carbon, and conductive fibers - Brings together expertise from academia and industry to provide comprehensive, up-to-date information on nanofiber research and development - Offers systematic and comprehensive coverage for academic researchers, industry professionals, and postgraduate students working in the field of fiber science
Download or read book Soft Tissue Biomechanical Modeling for Computer Assisted Surgery written by Yohan Payan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the biomechanical modeling of biological tissues in the context of Computer Assisted Surgery (CAS). More specifically, deformable soft tissues are addressed since they are the subject of the most recent developments in this field. The pioneering works on this CAS topic date from the 1980's, with applications in orthopaedics and biomechanical models of bones. More recently, however, biomechanical models of soft tissues have been proposed since most of the human body is made of soft organs that can be deformed by the surgical gesture. Such models are much more complicated to handle since the tissues can be subject to large deformations (non-linear geometrical framework) as well as complex stress/strain relationships (non-linear mechanical framework). Part 1 of the volume presents biomechanical models that have been developed in a CAS context and used during surgery. This is particularly new since most of the soft tissues models already proposed concern Computer Assisted Planning, with a pre-operative use of the models. Then, the volume addresses the two key issues raised for an intra-operative use of soft tissues models, namely (Part 2) “how to estimate the in vivo mechanical behavior of the tissues?” (i.e. what are the values of the mechanical parameters that can deliver realistic patient-specific behavior?) and (Part 3) “how to build a modeling platform that provides generic real-time (or at least interactive-time) numerical simulations?”
Download or read book Tumor Organoids written by Shay Soker and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer cell biology research in general, and anti-cancer drug development specifically, still relies on standard cell culture techniques that place the cells in an unnatural environment. As a consequence, growing tumor cells in plastic dishes places a selective pressure that substantially alters their original molecular and phenotypic properties.The emerging field of regenerative medicine has developed bioengineered tissue platforms that can better mimic the structure and cellular heterogeneity of in vivo tissue, and are suitable for tumor bioengineering research. Microengineering technologies have resulted in advanced methods for creating and culturing 3-D human tissue. By encapsulating the respective cell type or combining several cell types to form tissues, these model organs can be viable for longer periods of time and are cultured to develop functional properties similar to native tissues. This approach recapitulates the dynamic role of cell–cell, cell–ECM, and mechanical interactions inside the tumor. Further incorporation of cells representative of the tumor stroma, such as endothelial cells (EC) and tumor fibroblasts, can mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Collectively, bioengineered tumors create an important resource for the in vitro study of tumor growth in 3D including tumor biomechanics and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on 3D tumor tissue. These technologies have the potential to overcome current limitations to genetic and histological tumor classification and development of personalized therapies.
