Download or read book Measuring the Non Observed Economy A Handbook written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-05-24 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This essential Handbook makes underground, hidden, grey economies intelligible and consistently quantifiable. An invaluable tool for statistics producers and users and researchers, the book explains how the non-observed economy can be measured and ...
Download or read book Measuring the Non Observed Economy written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Good-quality, comprehensive national accounts are vital for economicpolicymaking and research. Exhaustive coverage is difficult to achieve, however, because some economic activities may be illegal, informal, household production for own final use, or missed because of deficienciesin the data collection system. Such activities are said to constitute thenon-observed (""hidden, "" ""underground, "" or ""shadow"") economy. ThisHandbook - the product of collaboration among the OECD, the IMF, ILO, ISC-CIS - identifies best practices for measuring the non-observed economy, consistent with international standards (in particular, with theSystem of National Accounts 1993).
Download or read book Measuring the Non Observed Economy written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Staff and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Non observed Economy in National Accounts written by United Nations. Economic Commission for Europe and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents an overview of current practices of 43 countries in measuring the non-observed economy - those activities that are illegal or hidden from authorities to avoid paying tax or social security contributions. It focuses on the description of methods used and includes quantitative examples and estimates of the share of non-observed economy in the GDP of different countries. Statisticians have developed a range of techniques to estimate the informal, illegal and underground activities, and those undertaken by households for their own final use. The publication gives an overview how countries are using these techniques in practice.
Download or read book Measuring the non observed economy a handbook written by Organizacion de Cooperacion y Desarrollo Economicos and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Shadow Economy written by Friedrich Schneider and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-14 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new data to give an overview of shadow economies from OECD countries and propose solutions to prevent illicit work.
Download or read book Economic Statistics written by Ralf Hussmanns and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measuring Underground Unobserved Non Observed Unrecorded Economies in Transition Countries written by Edgar L. Feige and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper compiles alternative estimates of underground economies in twenty five transition countries during the transition decade and finds a disturbing lack of convergence between them, calling into question the reliability of GDP figures (which in varying degrees now include non-transparent imputations for the “non-observed economy”) as well as the macro model estimates of the unrecorded economy. A corollary of this finding is that substantive results from many studies examining the consequences of the radical transition from planned to market economies must be viewed with considerable skepticism. Underground (unobserved, non-observed, unrecorded) economic activities play a major role in transition economies. Evaluations of the success and failure of the transition experience should be based on estimates of total economic activity (TEA) namely, recorded plus unrecorded economic activity. We examine the conceptual and empirical relationships between new National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) methods for obtaining “exhaustive” measures of total economic activity and the two most popular macro-model approaches (electric consumption and currency ratio models) for estimating the size and growth of the unrecorded sector. Our updated empirical results detailing the size and trajectory of unrecorded activities obtained from different estimation methods reveal a disturbing lack of convergence. Until these important differences are resolved, investigations of the relationship between economic reforms and economic outcomes during the transition decade must be viewed with considerable caution. Given the shortcomings of conventional macro model estimates of the underground economy and the lack of transparency and consistency of NOE estimates, it is high time that the profession acknowledges how little we really know about underground economies and their causes and consequences.
Download or read book Measuring the Informal Economy written by Mr.Gabriel Quiros-Romero and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-02-02 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper proposes a framework for measuring the informal economy that is consistent with internationally agreed concepts and methodology for measuring GDP. Based on the proposed framework, the informal economy “comprises production of informal sector units, production of goods for own final use, production of domestic workers, and production generated by informal employment in formal enterprises.” This proposed framework will facilitate preparation of estimates of the informal economy as a component of GDP.
Download or read book Shadow Economies Around the World What Did We Learn Over the Last 20 Years written by Leandro Medina and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-01-25 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We undertake an extended discussion of the latest developments about the existing and new estimation methods of the shadow economy. New results on the shadow economy for 158 countries all over the world are presented over 1991 to 2015. Strengths and weaknesses of these methods are assessed and a critical comparison and evaluation of the methods is carried out. The average size of the shadow economy of the 158 countries over 1991 to 2015 is 31.9 percent. The largest ones are Zimbabwe with 60.6 percent, and Bolivia with 62.3 percent of GDP. The lowest ones are Austria with 8.9 percent, and Switzerland with 7.2 percent. The new methods, especially the new macro method, Currency Demand Approach (CDA) and Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) in a structured hybrid-model based estimation procedure, are promising approaches from an econometric standpoint, alongside some new micro estimates. These estimations come quite close to others used by statistical offices or based on surveys.
Download or read book The Long Shadow of Informality written by Franziska Ohnsorge and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-02-09 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large percentage of workers and firms operate in the informal economy, outside the line of sight of governments in emerging market and developing economies. This may hold back the recovery in these economies from the deep recessions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic--unless governments adopt a broad set of policies to address the challenges of widespread informality. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the extent of informality and its implications for a durable economic recovery and for long-term development. It finds that pervasive informality is associated with significantly weaker economic outcomes--including lower government resources to combat recessions, lower per capita incomes, greater poverty, less financial development, and weaker investment and productivity.
Download or read book The Global Informal Workforce written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-23 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Global Informal Workforce is a fresh look at the informal economy around the world and its impact on the macroeconomy. The book covers interactions between the informal economy, labor and product markets, gender equality, fiscal institutions and outcomes, social protection, and financial inclusion. Informality is a widespread and persistent phenomenon that affects how fast economies can grow, develop, and provide decent economic opportunities for their populations. The COVID-19 pandemic has helped to uncover the vulnerabilities of the informal workforce.
Download or read book Report on Measuring the Non Observed Economy 2010 Year written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical Datas on Economy.
Download or read book Measuring the Real Size of the World s Economy written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions"--T.p. verso.
Download or read book Explaining the Shadow Economy in Europe Size Causes and Policy Options written by Mr.Ben Kelmanson and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-12-13 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the drivers, and reestimates the size of shadow economies in Europe, with a focus on the emerging economies, and recommends policies to increase formality. The size of shadow economies declined across Europe in recent years but remains significant, especially in Eastern Europe. In the emerging European economies, the key determinants of shadow economy size are regulatory quality, government effectiveness, and human capital. The paper argues that a comprehensive package of reforms, focused on country-specific drivers, is needed to successfully combat the shadow economy. The menu of policies most relevant for Europe’s emerging economies include: reducing regulatory and administrative burdens, promoting transparency and improving government effectiveness, as well as improving tax compliance, automating procedures, and promoting electronic payments.
Download or read book The Informal Economy in Sub Saharan Africa written by Leandro Medina and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-07-10 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The multiple indicator-multiple cause (MIMIC) method is a well-established tool for measuring informal economic activity. However, it has been criticized because GDP is used both as a cause and indicator variable. To address this issue, this paper applies for the first time the light intensity approach (instead of GDP). It also uses the Predictive Mean Matching (PMM) method to estimate the size of the informal economy for Sub-Saharan African countries over 24 years. Results suggest that informal economy in Sub-Saharan Africa remains among the largest in the world, although this share has been very gradually declining. It also finds significant heterogeneity, with informality ranging from a low of 20 to 25 percent in Mauritius, South Africa and Namibia to a high of 50 to 65 percent in Benin, Tanzania and Nigeria.
Download or read book Measuring Capital in the New Economy written by Carol Corrado and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-02-15 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the accelerated technological advances of the past two decades continue to reshape the United States' economy, intangible assets and high-technology investments are taking larger roles. These developments have raised a number of concerns, such as: how do we measure intangible assets? Are we accurately appraising newer, high-technology capital? The answers to these questions have broad implications for the assessment of the economy's growth over the long term, for the pace of technological advancement in the economy, and for estimates of the nation's wealth. In Measuring Capital in the New Economy, Carol Corrado, John Haltiwanger, Daniel Sichel, and a host of distinguished collaborators offer new approaches for measuring capital in an economy that is increasingly dominated by high-technology capital and intangible assets. As the contributors show, high-tech capital and intangible assets affect the economy in ways that are notoriously difficult to appraise. In this detailed and thorough analysis of the problem and its solutions, the contributors study the nature of these relationships and provide guidance as to what factors should be included in calculations of different types of capital for economists, policymakers, and the financial and accounting communities alike.
