Download or read book Measuring Market Power in Multi product Oligopolies written by John R. Schroeter and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measuring Market Power in Multi product Oligopolies written by John Schroeter and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Market definition and market power in the platform economy written by Jens-Uwe Franck and published by Centre on Regulation in Europe asbl (CERRE). This book was released on 2019-05-08 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rise of digital platforms and the natural tendency of markets involving platforms to become concentrated, competition authorities and courts are more frequently in a position to investigate and decide merger and abuse cases that involve platforms. This report provides guidance on how to define markets and on how to assess market power when dealing with two-sided platforms. DEFINITION Competition authorities and courts are well advised to uniformly use a multi-markets approach when defining markets in the context of two-sided platforms. The multi-markets approach is the more flexible instrument compared to the competing single-market approach that defines a single market for both sides of a platform, as the former naturally accounts for different substitution possibilities by the user groups on the two sides of the platform. While one might think of conditions under which a single-market approach could be feasible, the necessary conditions are so severe that it would only be applicable under rare circumstances. To fully appreciate business activities in platform markets from a competition law point of view, and to do justice to competition law’s purpose, which is to protect consumer welfare, the legal concept of a “market” should not be interpreted as requiring a price to be paid by one party to the other. It is not sufficient to consider the activities on the “unpaid side” of the platform only indirectly by way of including them in the competition law analysis of the “paid side” of the platform. Such an approach would exclude certain activities and ensuing positive or negative effects on consumer welfare altogether from the radar of competition law. Instead, competition practice should recognize straightforwardly that there can be “markets” for products offered free of charge, i.e. without monetary consideration by those who receive the product. ASSESSMENT The application of competition law often requires an assessment of market power. Using market shares as indicators of market power, in addition to all the difficulties in standard markets, raises further issues for two-sided platforms. When calculating revenue shares, the only reasonable option is to use the sum of revenues on all sides of the platform. Then, such shares should not be interpreted as market shares as they are aggregated over two interdependent markets. Large revenue shares appear to be a meaningful indicator of market power if all undertakings under consideration serve the same sides. However, they are often not meaningful if undertakings active in the relevant markets follow different business models. Given potentially strong cross-group external effects, market shares are less apt in the context of two-sided platforms to indicate market power (or the lack of it). Barriers to entry are at the core of persistent market power and, thus, the entrenchment of incumbent platforms. They deserve careful examination by competition authorities. Barriers to entry may arise due to users’ coordination failure in the presence of network effect. On two-sided platforms, users on both sides of the market have to coordinate their expectations. Barriers to entry are more likely to be present if an industry does not attract new users and if it does not undergo major technological change. Switching costs and network effects may go hand in hand: consumer switching costs sometimes depend on the number of platform users and, in this case, barriers to entry from consumer switching costs increase with platform size. Since market power is related to barriers to entry, the absence of entry attempts may be seen as an indication of market power. However, entry threats may arise from firms offering quite different services, as long as they provide a new home for users’ attention and needs.
Download or read book The Journal of Agricultural Economics Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of Agricultural Economics Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Economics of Imperfect Competition written by Joan Robinson and published by Springer. This book was released on 1969-07-01 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Competitive Strategy Analysis In The Food System written by Ronald W Cotterill and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the implications of the trend toward increased seller concentration due to mergers and leveraged buyouts that have helped increase food firm stock prices 900" during the 1980s. It is an essential reading for industrial organization economists and agricultural marketing economists.
Download or read book U S Agriculture written by Lisa Shames and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 25 years, farmers have received a decreasing share of the consumer food dollar. Some analysts and farm interest groups are concerned that this decline can be attributed, in part, to increasing concentration in ag. Firms in highly concentrated markets may be able to exert market power by raising retail food prices while also depressing prices farmers receive for ag. commodities. This report provides info. on: (1) trends in concentration for various levels of the food marketing chain in major ag. sectors; (2) trends in retail food expenditures and prices; (3) trends in prices farmers received for major ag. commodities; and (4) the views of experts on the potential effects of concentration on ag. commodity and food prices. Illustrations.
Download or read book Oligopoly Power in the Food and Tobacco Industries written by Sanjib Bhuyan and published by . This book was released on 1988* with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dairy Industry written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of International Antitrust Economics written by Roger D. Blair and published by Oxford Handbooks. This book was released on 2015 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than any other area of regulation, antitrust economics shapes law and policy in the United States, the Americas, Europe, and Asia. In a number of different areas of antitrust, advances in theory and empirical work have caused a fundamental reevaluation and shift of some of the assumptions behind antitrust policy. This reevaluation has profound implications for the future of the field. The Oxford Handbook of International Antitrust Economics has collected chapters from many of the leading figures in antitrust. In doing so, this two volume Handbook provides an important reference guide for scholars, teachers, and practitioners. However, it is more than a merely reference guide. Rather, it has a number of different goals. First, it takes stock of the current state of scholarship across a number of different antitrust topics. In doing so, it relies primarily upon the economics scholarship. In some situations, though, there is also coverage of legal scholarship, case law developments, and legal policies. The second goal of the Handbook is to provide some ideas about future directions of antitrust scholarship and policy. Antitrust economics has evolved over the last 60 years. It has both shaped policy and been shaped by policy. The Oxford Handbook of International Antitrust Economics will serve as a policy and research guide of next steps to consider when shaping the future of the field of antitrust.
Download or read book Concentration in the Red Meat Packing Industry written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Market Power And or Efficiency written by Rigoberto A. Lopez and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aquaculture Marketing Handbook written by Carole R. Engle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-02-15 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Markets, marketing, and trade have become ever more important to growing aquaculture industries worldwide. The diversity and idiosyncrasies of the aquaculture and seafood markets call for understanding information that is unique to these markets. Presenting fundamental principles of marketing and economics from a user-friendly, how-to perspective, the Aquaculture Marketing Handbook will provide the reader with the tools necessary to evaluate and adapt to changing market conditions. The Aquaculture Marketing Handbook provides the reader with a broad base of information regarding aquaculture economics, markets, and marketing. In addition, this volume also contains an extensive annotated bibliography and webliography that provide descriptions to key additional sources of information. Written by authors with vast international aquaculture marketing experience, the Aquaculture Marketing Handbook is an important introduction to aquaculture marketing for those interested in aquaculture and those new to the professional field. The body of knowledge presented in this book will also make it a valuable reference for even the most experienced aquaculture professional.
Download or read book Self regulation and Privacy Online written by United States. Federal Trade Commission and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seafood and Aquaculture Marketing Handbook written by Carole R. Engle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-26 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aquaculture, the farming of aquatic animals and plants, and other seafood businesses continue to grow rapidly around the world. However, many of these businesses fail due to the lack of sufficient attention to marketing. The Seafood and Aquaculture Marketing Handbook provides the reader with a comprehensive, yet user-friendly presentation of key concepts and tools necessary for aquaculture and seafood businesses to evaluate and adapt to changing market conditions. Markets for aquaculture and seafood products are diverse, dynamic, and complex. The Seafood and Aquaculture Marketing Handbook presents fundamental principles of marketing, specific discussion of aquaculture and seafood market channels and supply chains from around the world, and builds towards a step-by-step approach to strategic market planning for successful aquaculture and seafood businesses. This book is an essential reference for all aquaculture and seafood businesses as well as students of aquaculture. The volume contains a series of synopses of specific markets, an extensive annotated bibliography, and webliography for additional sources of information. Written by authors with vast experience in international marketing of aquaculture and seafood products, this volume is a valuable source of guidance for those seeking to identify profitable markets for their aquaculture and seafood products.
Download or read book Case Studies in Food Policy for Developing Countries written by Per Pinstrup-Andersen and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The food problems now facing the world—scarcity and starvation, contamination and illness, overabundance and obesity—are both diverse and complex. What are their causes? How severe are they? Why do they persist? What are the solutions? In three volumes that serve as valuable teaching tools and have been designed to complement the textbook Food Policy for Developing Countries by Per Pinstrup-Andersen and Derrill D. Watson II, they call upon the wisdom of disciplines including economics, nutrition, sociology, anthropology, environmental science, medicine, and geography to create a holistic picture of the state of the world's food systems today. Volume II of the Case Studies addresses the issues of domestic policies for markets, production, and the environment.
