Download or read book Measurements of Spectral Irradiance Underwater written by John Edwards Tyler and published by Gordon & Breach Publishing Group. This book was released on 1970 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spectral Irradiance Measurements in Monterey Bay written by Robert Zafran and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NPS Spectroirradiometer (spectral irradiance meter) incorporates a rotating spectral wedge filter and was developed to measure the spatial distribution of downwelling underwater solar irradiance. Spectral irradiance data in the 402 to 577 nm regime was observed to depths of 130 m under both clear and foggy sky conditions. Diffuse attenuation coefficients, k, for downwelling light at selected wavelength/depth combinations were calculated from the observed spectral irradiances. The downwelling spectral irradiance values obtained ranged from 436 microwatts/sq. cm/nm at 494 nm to .00150 microwatts/sq cm/nm at 577 nm and are numerically comparable to data from other studies of coastal waters. The calculated values for five selected wavelengths, namely 418, 453, 487, 522, and 557 nm, ranged from .097/m at 418 nm to .274/m at 557 nm and are representative values. The results of the measurements indicate that the NPS Spectroirradiometer provides a practical method of determining irradiance distributions.
Download or read book Measurements of Ocean Spectral Irradiance for Correlation with Satellite Remote Sensing written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Underwater ocean truth data were collected in conjunction with the NIMBUS VII Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) experiment. The data were provided to permit a correlation of remote radiometric measurements with the biological constituency and optical properties of the seawater investigated. Preliminary examination of expendable bathythermography data indicates that a correlation between irradiance data and water temperature may exist where the thermocline structure is significant.
Download or read book Optical Radiometry for Ocean Climate Measurements written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-11-13 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the state-of-the-art of optical remote sensing applied for the generation of marine climate-quality data products, with contributions by international experts in the field. The chapters are logically grouped into six thematic parts, each introduced by a brief overview. The different parts include: i. requirements for the generation of climate data records from satellite ocean measurements and additionally basic radiometry principles addressing terminology, standards, measurement equation and uncertainties; ii. satellite visible and thermal infrared radiometry embracing instrument design, characterization and, pre- and post-launch calibration; iii. in situ visible and thermal infrared radiometry including overviews on basic principles, technology and measurements methods required to support satellite missions devoted to climate change investigations; iv. simulations as fundamental tools to support interpretation and analysis of both in situ and satellite radiometric measurements; v. strategies for in situ radiometry to satisfy mission requirements for the generation of climate data records; and finally, vi. methods for the assessment of satellite data products. Fundamentals of measurement theory are taken through to implementation of practical ground based radiometers and their application to validate satellite data used to generate climate data records. This book presents practical solutions for those involved or contemplating the validation of optical climate measurements from satellite instruments. Exhaustive coverage of important topics Fundamental and advanced discussions of many types of instruments Emphasis on calibration and uncertainty analysis of results
Download or read book Spectral Radiance Measurements in Monterey Bay written by Raymond Theodore Michelini and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Underwater Light Measurements written by Hans Chr Eilertsen and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research in Underwater Optics written by Charles J. Hubbard and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences Biology and Ecology written by and published by . This book was released on 1999-06 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oceanography from Space written by Vittorio Barale and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-26 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To all those sailors / Who dreamed before us / Of another way to sail the oceans. The dedication of this Volume is meant to recall, and honour, the bold pioneers of ocean exploration, ancient as well as modern. As a marine scientist, dealing with the oceans through the complex tools, ?lters and mechanisms of contemporary research, I have always wondered what it was like, in centuries past, to look at that vast ho- zon with the naked eye, not knowing what was ahead, and yet to sail on. I have tried to imagine what ancient sailors felt, when “the unknown swirls around and engulfs the mind”, as a forgotten author simply described the brave, perhaps reckless, act of facing such a hostile, menacing and yet fascinating adventure. Innovation has always been the key element, I think, for their success: another way, a better way, a more effective, safer and worthier way was the proper answer to the challenge. The map of our world has been changed time and again, from the geographical as well as the social, economic and scienti?c points of view, by the new discoveries of those sailors. One of the positive qualities of human beings is without doubt the inborn desire to expand their horizons, to see what lies beyond, to learn and understand.
Download or read book Limnological Analysis written by Robert G. Wetzel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Limnological Analyses, a classic, second, thoroughly updated edition, consists of a series of carefully designed and tested field and laboratory exercises covering the full scope of limnology. It provides the student with a solid foundation in this complex multidisciplinary field of ecology and illustrates modern experimental approaches. Among the topics covered by such exercises are: major physical components of lakes and streams; important mineral nutrients; cycling of organic matter; benthic fauna; primary productivity of phytoplankton; quantitative methods in biota analysis; diurnal changes; experimental manipulation of model ecosystems; effects of sewage outfall and other human activities; whole ecosystem and community analyses. Each exercise is preceded by an introductory section and concludes with questions for the student and a selection of suggested reading. Teachers and students of limnology will value Limnological Analyses for its highly structured, concise presentation. Its research-oriented approach encourages active participation.
Download or read book Optics of the Sea written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurement of turbidity and Related Characteristics of Natural Waters written by R. J. Pickering and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book UV Radiation and Arctic Ecosystems written by D.O. Hessen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although there are some biological processes that are supported by UV radiation, most organisms are stressed by it in various ways, e.g. through DNA damage. Top international experts present an integrated overview of UV radiation and its effects on terrestrial, freshwater and marine Arctic biota. Increased stratospheric ozone depletion and the corresponding increase in ground levels of UV radiation as well as ambient, "natural" UV radiation as a key ecological factor in the Arctic spring and summer are discussed in detail. Additionally, basic information on Arctic ecosystems is given. The volume provides not only an excellent account of present-day knowledge of the subject, but also describes the state of the art on which future research can be built.
Download or read book SeaWiFS Technical Report Series written by Elaine R. Firestone and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principles and Standards for Measuring Primary Production written by Timothy J. Fahey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-05-14 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles and Standards for Measuring Net Primary Production in Long-Term Ecological Studies is the first book to establish a standardized method for measuring net primary productivity (NPP) in ecological research. Primary productivity is the rate at which energy is stored in the organic matter of plants per unit area of the earth's surface. As the beginning stage of the carbon cycle, our ability to accurately measure NPP is essential to any ecological analysis, as well as agronomy, forestry, fisheries, limnology and oceanography. In fact, NPP measurements are fundamental to ecosystem studies at thousands of sites around the world.All 26 LTER sites will be expected to collect and report data using these new standards, but the standards should reach well beyond LTER sites. Identified standards for NPP measurements will allow researchers from diverse biomes to authoritatively compare measurements among their sites. Comparable measurements will build a foundation for a broad scale understanding of the environmental, biological, and nutrition controls on NPP.The book includes chapters for each of the critical biome types, including special techniques that work best in each environment. For example, there are chapters that discuss grassland ecosystems, urban ecosystems, marine pelagic ecosystems, forest ecosystems, and salt marsh ecosystems, among others.
Download or read book SeaWiFS Postlaunch Technical Report Series written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SeaWiFS Technical Report Series written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
