Download or read book Measurement and Validation of Bidirectional Reflectance of Space Shuttle and Space Station Materials for Computerized Lighting Models written by Lauren E. Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The result is a database of material reflectance properties for a wide variety of materials, and lighting information for most of the standard light sources used in the Shuttle/Station programs.
Download or read book Measurement and Validation of Bidirectional Reflectance of Space Shuttle and Space Station Materials for Computerized Lighting Models written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-07 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Task illumination has a major impact on human performance: What a person can perceive in his environment significantly affects his ability to perform tasks, especially in space's harsh environment. Training for lighting conditions in space has long depended on physical models and simulations to emulate the effect of lighting, but such tests are expensive and time-consuming. To evaluate lighting conditions not easily simulated on Earth, personnel at NASA Johnson Space Center's (JSC) Graphics Research and Analysis Facility (GRAF) have been developing computerized simulations of various illumination conditions using the ray-tracing program, Radiance, developed by Greg Ward at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. Because these computer simulations are only as accurate as the data used, accurate information about the reflectance properties of materials and light distributions is needed. JSC's Lighting Environment Test Facility (LETF) personnel gathered material reflectance properties for a large number of paints, metals, and cloths used in the Space Shuttle and Space Station programs, and processed these data into reflectance parameters needed for the computer simulations. They also gathered lamp distribution data for most of the light sources used, and validated the ability to accurately simulate lighting levels by comparing predictions with measurements for several ground-based tests. The result of this study is a database of material reflectance properties for a wide variety of materials, and lighting information for most of the standard light sources used in the Shuttle/Station programs. The combination of the Radiance program and GRAF's graphics capability form a validated computerized lighting simulation capability for NASA. Fletcher, Lauren E. and Aldridge, Ann M. and Wheelwright, Charles and Maida, James Johnson Space Center ...
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1998-07 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Models and Validation Measurements of Bidirectional Reflectance Factor for Diffuse Reflecting Materials PHD written by Joe Alan Walker and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book BiDirectional Reflectance Distribution BRDF of NASA Shuttle Tiles written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ground-based infrared IR cameras, located on a Maui mountaintop, are used to support a series of experiments associated with studying the condition of space shuttle tiles while in flight. This includes studying the reflective properties of the shuttle tiles while the shuttle is in orbit. Since the IR cameras used are sensitive in the 2.0- to 5.5-micron wavelength range the shuttle tile optical properties are required for the same spectral range. The optical property of particular interest is the tile Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF). The tile BRDF is input into radiation models to help predict the expected power levels observed by the IR cameras. The objective of the tests reported was to measure the tile BRDF over the range of 2.0- to 5. 5-micron as a function of reflectance angle. The BRDF of both black and white (flown and un-flown) shuttle tiles were measured. This report describes the apparatus and method used to measure the BRDF of both black and white, flown and unflown, NASA space shuttle tiles. Measured data are included in the report appendix.
Download or read book Bidirectional Reflectance Measurements of Spacecraft Thermal Control Materials written by G. R. Cunnington and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polarized Emittance Volume 1 Polarized Bidirectional Reflectance with Lambertian Or Non Lambertian Diffuse Components written by J. R. Maxwell and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume I of this report provides the Ballistic Research Laboratories with a discussion of the algorithms upon which the bidirectional reflectance model is based, in particular the non-Lambertian volume model which was constructed under this contract. The report provides a validation of the model with respect to the materials supplied by BRL. It includes a listing of appropriate model parameters with a description of how to use the model, and a listing of the computer program with its subroutines. The model makes it possible to calculate bidirectional reflectance data from a very small amount of measured data. Accuracy demonstrated indicates that the model is very effective, although improvement can still be obtained at large receiver zenith angles. (Author).
Download or read book Bidirectional Reflectance Model Validation and Utilization written by J. R. Maxwell and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes a method for using bidirectional reflectance information previously reported in the Eleventh Supplement to the Target Signature Analysis Center: Data Compilation and further validates the bidirectional reflectance model originated and extended under recent contracts. It includes bidirectional reflectance model parameters for a variety of paints. Parameters were extracted from measurement data reported in the Eleventh Supplement. Reduced reflectance data are also provided; these data may be used with the computer model or, optionally, in an interpolation procedure for estimating reflectances without the aid of a computer. The computer model makes it possible to calculate bidirectional reflectance data from a very small amount of measured data. Accuracy demonstrated in the Model Validation section indicates that the model is very effective, although improvement can still be obtained at large receiver zenith angles. The interpolation procedure also shows excellent agreement with measurement. (Author).
Download or read book Comparison of the Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function of Various Surfaces written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-16 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Described is the development and use of a system to measure the Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) of various surfaces. The BRDF measurements are used in the analysis and design of optical measurement systems, such as laser anemometers. An argon ion laser (514 nm) is the light source. Preliminary results are presented for eight samples: two glossy black paints, two flat black paints, black glass, sand blasted aluminum, unworked aluminum, and a white paint. A BaSO4 white reflectance standard was used as the reference sample throughout the tests. The reflectance characteristics of these surfaces are compared. Fernandez, Rene and Seasholtz, Richard G. and Oberle, Lawrence G. and Kadambi, Jaikrishnan R. Glenn Research Center NASA-TM-101317, E-4314, NAS 1.15:101317 RTOP 505-80-21...
Download or read book Photometric Evaluation of Photo Luminescent Materials for Multi Egress Guidance Placards written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-24 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate several photo luminescent (PL) materials being considered for construction of emergency egress placards in the International Space Station (ISS). The use of PL material is intended to allow the placards to be read by ISS crew members in the event of an extensive power failure resulting in the loss of interior illumination. Maida, James C. Johnson Space Center NASA/TM-2005-213165, S-963
Download or read book Real time Coastal Observing Systems for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics and Harmful Algal Blooms written by Babin, Marcel and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proliferation of harmful phytoplankton in marine ecosystems can cause massive fish kills, contaminate seafood with toxins, impact local and regional economies and dramatically affect ecological balance. Real-time observations are essential for effective short-term operational forecasting, but observation and modelling systems are still being developed. This volume provides guidance for developing real-time and near real-time sensing systems for observing and predicting plankton dynamics, including harmful algal blooms, in coastal waters. The underlying theory is explained and current trends in research and monitoring are discussed.Topics covered include: coastal ecosystems and dynamics of harmful algal blooms; theory and practical applications of in situ and remotely sensed optical detection of microalgal distributions and composition; theory and practical applications of in situ biological and chemical sensors for targeted species and toxin detection; integrated observing systems and platforms for detection; diagnostic and predictive modelling of ecosystems and harmful algal blooms, including data assimilation techniques; observational needs for the public and government; and future directions for research and operations.
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Night time Light written by Christopher Elvidge and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-08-09 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satellite images acquired at night provide a visually arresting perspective of the Earth and the human activities that light up the otherwise mostly dark Earth. These night-time light satellite images can be compiled into a geospatial time series that represent an invaluable source of information for both the natural and social sciences. Night-time light remote sensing has been shown to be particularly useful for a range of natural science and social science applications, including studies relating to urban development, demography, sociology, fishing activity, light pollution and the consequences of civil war. Key sensors for these time-series include the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) and the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Satellite’s Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Day/Night Band (Suomi NPP/VIIRS DNB). An increasing number of alternative sources are also available, including high spatial resolution and multispectral sensors. This book captures key methodological issues associated with pre-processing night-time light data, documents state of the art analysis methods, and explores a wide range of applications. Major sections focus on NPP/VIIRS DNB processing; inter-calibration between NPP/VIIRS and DMPS/OLS; applications associated with socio-economic activities, applications in monitoring urbanization; and fishing activity monitoring. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the International Journal of Remote Sensing.
Download or read book Ocean Optics Protocols for Satellite Ocean Color Sensor Validation written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Remote Compositional Analysis written by Janice L. Bishop and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive overview of the spectroscopic, mineralogical, and geochemical techniques used in planetary remote sensing.
Download or read book Large Space Structures Systems in the Space Station Era written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Smaller Satellites Bigger Business written by Michael J Rycroft and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Y. Fujimori, Symposium Programme Committee Chair, and Faculty Member, International Space University e-mail: [email protected] M.Rycroft, Faculty Member, International Space University e-mail: [email protected] N. Crosby, International Space University e-mail: [email protected] For the sixth annual ISU Symposium the theme was "Smaller Satellites: Bigger Business? Concepts, Applications and Markets for Micro/Nanosatellites in a New Information World". Thus, the Symposium addressed the crucial question: are small satellites the saviour of space programmes around the world It did this from the unique perspective of the International Space today? University - the interdisciplinary, international and intercultural perspective. This Symposium brought together a variety of people working on small satellites - engineers, scientists, planners, providers, operators, policy makers and business executives, together with representatives from regulatory bodies, from national and international organizations, and from the finance sector, and also entrepreneurs. Discussion and debate were encouraged, based on the papers presented and those published here.
Download or read book EOS Data Products Handbook written by Michael D. King and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Description of the data products that will be produced from the named scientific missions.
