Download or read book Mathematical Programming Based Synthesis of Rice Drying Processes written by Wongphaka Wongrat and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various drying models have been developed in the extent which they are available for the analysis of drying processes in a variety of practical drying systems. However, most were focused only on a single unit operation; mainly the dryer. Nevertheless other unit operations such as cooling and tempering units are also employed in industrial drying systems. Therefore, there is an important need for an integrated analysis of rice drying systems which takes into account all the interactions between the units that appear in a drying process. The aim is to select a process out of the large number of alternatives and operating conditions which meet the specified performance. In this work, the synthesis problem of drying processes will be thoroughly investigated using various drying models. Both simplified (empirical) and rigorous (theoretical) models were used. The aim is to find the optimum configuration and operating conditions which satisfy two optimization criteria. One is to maximize the quality (head rice yield) and the other is to minimize the energy consumption. To solve the synthesis problem, mathematical programming will be used as a tool. Three major steps involving the application of mathematical programming in synthesis problems were developed and presented; superstructure representation, problem formulation and optimization strategy. For the synthesis problem using empirical models, the problem was formulated as an MINLP model. However, due to the fact that different mathematical models are often possible for the same synthesis problem and the recent advances in modeling techniques, generalized disjunctive programming (GDP), known as an alternative model to MINLP, was used. The objectives are to investigate the benefit of using GDP as an alternative model to MINLP and also to exploit a disjunction part of a GDP model for integrating alternative choices of empirical drying models to eliminate the problem of having drying models which are valid only in a small range of operating conditions. The results showed that different drying strategies were obtained from using different drying models in the case of maximum head of rice yield (quality) while the same strategies have been found from using different drying models in the case of minimum energy consumption. This finding is due to the reason that quality as an objective function is highly nonlinear; therefore it contains many local solutions while the energy objective function is a simple linear function. In the aspect of using GDP model, we found that GDP models provide good structure of variable relationships which can improve the search strategy and solution efficiency for the problem dealing with highly nonlinear functions such as in the case of maximum head price yield. Moreover, because of this good characteristic of MINLP based GDP model, the synthesis problem of rice drying processes dealing with various kinds of empirical models can be solved in reasonable time in GAMS. Nonetheless, in the case that the optimization problem is dealing with the simple mathematical function, the GDP model did not outperform the ad hoc MINLP model for the case of minimizing energy consumption. Also, GDP modeling framework facilitated the problem formulation of the synthesis problem which had two drying models valid in a different range of drying operations in rice drying processes. The synthesis problem using theoretical models arising from the simultaneous heat and mass transfer balances gave rise to a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MIDO) model. Such problem is highly nonlinear, multimodal and discontinuous in nature and is very difficult to solve. A hybrid method which combines genetic algorithms (GAs) and control vector parameterization (CVP) approach was proposed to solve this problem. In the case of maximum head rice yield, the results of the synthesis problem showed that high quality rice grain can be preserved regardless of the choice of drying configuration as long as the drying process is operated under a condition which produces the least amount of moisture gradient within the rice grain. Many local optimum solutions which gave rise to different drying configurations and operating policies were found from using different initial guesses. In the case of minimum energy consumption, the results showed that a cooling-tempering configuration which operates at ambient temperature gave the minimum energy consumption. Different initial guesses converged to the same drying configuration (cooling-tempering) but different operating policies and total number of passes. Moreover, since the optimal operating time in a cooling unit is at the upper operating bound allowed in this unit, the effect of the bound of operating time for a cooling unit on the total number of passes required was studied. The results showed that less number of passes would be obtained if longer periods of cooling are allowed. The hybrid proposed method was able to solve MIDO problems; albeit at a relatively large computational expense. For the comparison aspect between the theoretical and empirical models for synthesis of rice drying processes, empirical models are easier to use for the synthesis problem but they are valid only within the range which they were developed. Also, there is a need for developing a model for each particular unit employed in rice drying processes. For the synthesis problem with theoretical models, this problem gives rise to the most difficult class of optimization problems; however, a theoretical model provides a better understanding of the drying kinetics happening in rice grain. Moreover, theoretical models alleviate the need to develop models for each particular unit employed in rice drying systems. The common feature found from using theoretical and empirical models is that head rice yield objective function always gives rise to different choices of drying configurations while the energy objective function always give rise to a unique drying configuration (cooling-tempering). Different drying strategies have been found from using different drying models. These alternative configurations provide a broader vision on the operation of drying systems. To decide which one is the best, other factors must be taken into account such as investment cost, term of uses and available technology.
Download or read book Handbook of Food Process Design written by Jasim Ahmed and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-02-27 with total page 1543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 21st Century, processing food is no longer a simple or straightforward matter. Ongoing advances in manufacturing have placed new demands on the design and methodology of food processes. A highly interdisciplinary science, food process design draws upon the principles of chemical and mechanical engineering, microbiology, chemistry, nutrition and economics, and is of central importance to the food industry. Process design is the core of food engineering, and is concerned at its root with taking new concepts in food design and developing them through production and eventual consumption. Handbook of Food Process Design is a major new 2-volume work aimed at food engineers and the wider food industry. Comprising 46 original chapters written by a host of leading international food scientists, engineers, academics and systems specialists, the book has been developed to be the most comprehensive guide to food process design ever published. Starting from first principles, the book provides a complete account of food process designs, including heating and cooling, pasteurization, sterilization, refrigeration, drying, crystallization, extrusion, and separation. Mechanical operations including mixing, agitation, size reduction, extraction and leaching processes are fully documented. Novel process designs such as irradiation, high-pressure processing, ultrasound, ohmic heating and pulsed UV-light are also presented. Food packaging processes are considered, and chapters on food quality, safety and commercial imperatives portray the role process design in the broader context of food production and consumption.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Foundations of Computer Aided Process Design written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 835 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects together the presentations at the Eighth International Conference on Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design, FOCAPD-2014, an event that brings together researchers, educators, and practitioners to identify new challenges and opportunities for process and product design. The chemical industry is currently entering a new phase of rapid evolution. The availability of low-cost feedstocks from natural gas is causing renewed investment in basic chemicals in the OECD, while societal pressures for sustainability and energy security continue to be key drivers in technology development and product selection. This dynamic environment creates opportunities to launch new products and processes and to demonstrate new methodologies for innovation, synthesis and design. FOCAPD-2014 fosters constructive interaction among thought leaders from academia, industry, and government and provides a showcase for the latest research in product and process design. Focuses exclusively on the fundamentals and applications of computer-aided design for the process industries. Provides a fully archival and indexed record of the FOCAPD14 conference Aligns the FOCAPD series with the ESCAPE and PSE series
Download or read book Issues in Chemical Engineering and other Chemistry Specialties 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 2998 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Chemical Engineering and other Chemistry Specialties: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Chemical Engineering and other Chemistry Specialties. The editors have built Issues in Chemical Engineering and other Chemistry Specialties: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Chemical Engineering and other Chemistry Specialties in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Chemical Engineering and other Chemistry Specialties: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Handbook of Drying for Dairy Products written by C. Anandharamakrishnan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Drying for Dairy Products is a complete guide to the field’s principles and applications, with an emphasis on best practices for the creation and preservation of dairy-based food ingredients. Details the techniques and results of drum drying, spray drying, freeze drying, spray-freeze drying, and hybrid drying Contains the most up-to-date research for optimizing the drying of dairy, as well as computer modelling options Addresses the effect of different drying techniques on the nutritional profile of dairy products Provides essential information for dairy science academics as well as technologists active in the dairy industry
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1971-12 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 890 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research written by Kwanchai A. Gomez and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1984-02-17 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here in one easy-to-understand volume are the statistical procedures and techniques the agricultural researcher needs to know in order to design, implement, analyze, and interpret the results of most experiments with crops. Designed specifically for the non-statistician, this valuable guide focuses on the practical problems of the field researcher. Throughout, it emphasizes the use of statistics as a tool of research—one that will help pinpoint research problems and select remedial measures. Whenever possible, mathematical formulations and statistical jargon are avoided. Originally published by the International Rice Research Institute, this widely respected guide has been totally updated and much expanded in this Second Edition. It now features new chapters on the analysis of multi-observation data and experiments conducted over time and space. Also included is a chapter on experiments in farmers' fields, a subject of major concern in developing countries where agricultural research is commonly conducted outside experiment stations. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research, Second Edition will prove equally useful to students and professional researchers in all agricultural and biological disciplines. A wealth of examples of actual experiments help readers to choose the statistical method best suited for their needs, and enable even the most complicated procedures to be easily understood and directly applied. An International Rice Research Institute Book
Download or read book Grain Drying written by Stanislaw Pabis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1998-03-09 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drying grain is necessary for proper storage, handling and processing; the methods used for drying grain have an important influence on quality and the overall economics of the process. This book provides all the tools needed for effective grain drying, inculding mathematical theory, tabulated data on the physical and thermal properties of grains, and more.
Download or read book 22nd European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering written by David Bogle and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-08-03 with total page 1484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer aided process engineering (CAPE) plays a key design and operations role in the process industries. This conference features presentations by CAPE specialists and addresses strategic planning, supply chain issues and the increasingly important area of sustainability audits. Experts collectively highlight the need for CAPE practitioners to embrace the three components of sustainable development: environmental, social and economic progress and the role of systematic and sophisticated CAPE tools in delivering these goals. Contributions from the international community of researchers and engineers using computing-based methods in process engineering Review of the latest developments in process systems engineering Emphasis on a systems approach in tackling industrial and societal grand challenges
Download or read book Miscellaneous Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Data Intensive Text Processing with MapReduce written by Jimmy Lin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our world is being revolutionized by data-driven methods: access to large amounts of data has generated new insights and opened exciting new opportunities in commerce, science, and computing applications. Processing the enormous quantities of data necessary for these advances requires large clusters, making distributed computing paradigms more crucial than ever. MapReduce is a programming model for expressing distributed computations on massive datasets and an execution framework for large-scale data processing on clusters of commodity servers. The programming model provides an easy-to-understand abstraction for designing scalable algorithms, while the execution framework transparently handles many system-level details, ranging from scheduling to synchronization to fault tolerance. This book focuses on MapReduce algorithm design, with an emphasis on text processing algorithms common in natural language processing, information retrieval, and machine learning. We introduce the notion of MapReduce design patterns, which represent general reusable solutions to commonly occurring problems across a variety of problem domains. This book not only intends to help the reader "think in MapReduce", but also discusses limitations of the programming model as well. Table of Contents: Introduction / MapReduce Basics / MapReduce Algorithm Design / Inverted Indexing for Text Retrieval / Graph Algorithms / EM Algorithms for Text Processing / Closing Remarks
Download or read book Transactions of the ASAE written by American Society of Agricultural Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Resources in education written by and published by . This book was released on 1984-08 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
