Download or read book Mathematical Modelling of the Spatio temporal Dynamics of a Multi species Host parasitoid Interaction written by Ian G. Pearce and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Host Parasitoid Interactions written by Michael Hassell and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2000-06-08 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines our current understanding of the population dynamics of one kind of interaction - that between insect parasitoids and their hosts. Parasitoids are amongst the most abundant of all animals, and make up about 10% or more of metazoan species. Almost no insect species escape their attack. Host-parasitoid interactions were first modelled over fifty years ago, but for many years there was little good empirical information on the important factors that affect host and parasitoid populations. The models were very simple, and their predictions rather divorced from the complexity of what was visible in the field. Now, better data is available on many components of host-parasitoid systems, from field observations and laboratory and field experiments, and this allows a much closer correspondence between models and data. In particular, the past twenty years have seen major advances in our understanding of how host-parasitoid interactions are influenced by spatial processes, by age-structure effects, and by competition from additional host and parasitoid species. The result is a body of theory that makes direct contact with real systems in the field, and provides us with a detailed understanding of what underpins a whole area of population dynamics. In this book, Michael P Hassell pulls the theory and field data together to present an elegant illustration of the way in which ecological studies advance.
Download or read book The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Host parasitoid Interactions written by Michael Patrick Hassell and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2000 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines our current understanding of the population dynamics of one kind of interaction--that between insect parasitoids and their hosts. Parasitoids are amongst the most abundant of all animals, and make up about 10% or more of metazoan species. Almost no insect species escape their attack. Host-parasitoid interactions were first modelled over fifty years ago, but for many years there was little good empirical information on the important factors that affect host and parasitoid populations. The models were very simple, and their predictions rather divorced from the complexity of what was visible in the field. Now, better data is available on many components of host-parasitoid systems, from field observations and laboratory and field experiments, and this allows a much closer correspondence between models and data. In particular, the past twenty years have seen major advances in our understanding of how host-parasitoid interactions are influenced by spatial processes, by age-structure effects, and by competition from additional host and parasitoid species. The result is a body of theory that makes direct contact with real systems in the field, and provides us with a detailed understanding of what underpins a whole area of population dynamics. In this book, Michael P. Hassell pulls the theory and field data together to present an elegant illustration of the way in which ecological studies advance.
Download or read book Spatio temporal mathematical models for theoretical investigations of host parasitoid systems and Wolbachia infection dynamics written by Peter George Schofield and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mathematical Analysis of Host parasitoid Dynamics written by Kelsey Marcinko and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Host and parasitoid systems are of great interest to ecologists, both because of the global prevalence of insect parasitoids and the impact of parasitoids in regulating their hosts. The direct connection between parasitized hosts and parasitoid offspring leads to simple and specific modeling assumptions. The discrete-time models used for host-parasitoid interactions are also sometimes used for more general predator-prey systems or even to describe consumer-resource dynamics in the broadest sense. In this dissertation, I examine some of the specific building blocks involved in formulation of host-parasitoid models and determine the impacts of these assumptions. I begin with an introduction that includes biological context and a brief overview of the mathematical frameworks used in my work. Next, I present a systematic comparison and analysis of four discrete-time, host-parasitoid models. For each model, I specify that density-dependent effects occur prior to parasitism in the life cycle of the host. I compare density-dependent growth functions arising from the Beverton-Holt and Ricker maps, as well as parasitism functions assuming either a Poisson or negative binomial distribution for parasitoid attacks. I show that overcompensatory density-dependence leads to period-doubling bifurcations, which may be supercritical or subcritical. Stronger parasitism from the Poisson distribution leads to loss of stability of the coexistence equilibrium through a Neimark--Sacker bifurcation, resulting in population cycles. My analytic results also revealed dynamics for one of my models that were previously undetected by authors who conducted a numerical investigation. In this section, I also emphasize the importance of clearly presenting biological assumptions that are inherent to the structure of a discrete-time model in order to promote communication and broader understanding. Climate change has created new and evolving environmental conditions, impacting all species, including hosts and parasitoids. Building on my work with nonspatial host-parasitoid models, I next consider integrodifference equation (IDE) models of host-parasitoid systems to incorporate space and climate-driven shifts in habitats. I describe and analyze three IDE models of host--parasitoid systems to determine criteria for coexistence of the host and parasitoid. Specifically, I determine the critical habitat speed, beyond which the parasitoid cannot survive. By comparing the results from three IDE models, I investigate the impacts of assumptions that reduce the system to a single-species model. I also compare critical speeds predicted by a spatially-implicit difference-equation model with critical speeds determined from numerical simulations of the IDE system. The spatially-implicit model uses approximations for the dominant eigenvalue of an integral operator. The classic methods to approximate the dominant eigenvalue for IDE systems do not perform well for asymmetric kernels, including those that are present in shifting-habitat IDE models. Therefore, I compare several methods for approximating dominant eigenvalues and ultimately conclude that geometric symmetrization and iterated geometric symmetrization give the best estimates of the parasitoid critical speed.
Download or read book Journal of the Royal Society Interface written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mathematical Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multiscale Cancer Modeling written by Thomas S. Deisboeck and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-12-08 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer is a complex disease process that spans multiple scales in space and time. Driven by cutting-edge mathematical and computational techniques, in silico biology provides powerful tools to investigate the mechanistic relationships of genes, cells, and tissues. It enables the creation of experimentally testable hypotheses, the integration of dat
Download or read book Index to Theses with Abstracts Accepted for Higher Degrees by the Universities of Great Britain and Ireland and the Council for National Academic Awards written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theory Numerics and Applications of Hyperbolic Problems I written by Christian Klingenberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-23 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first of two volumes, this edited proceedings book features research presented at the XVI International Conference on Hyperbolic Problems held in Aachen, Germany in summer 2016. It focuses on the theoretical, applied, and computational aspects of hyperbolic partial differential equations (systems of hyperbolic conservation laws, wave equations, etc.) and of related mathematical models (PDEs of mixed type, kinetic equations, nonlocal or/and discrete models) found in the field of applied sciences.
Download or read book Flammable Australia written by Ross A. Bradstock and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fire is pivotal to the functioning of ecosystems in Australia, affecting the distribution and abundance of the continent's unique and highly diverse range of plants and animals. Conservation of this natural biodiversity therefore requires a good understanding of scientific processes involved in the action of fire on the landscape. This book provides an up-to-date synthesis of current knowledge in this area and its application in contemporary land management. Central to the discussion is an exploration of the concept of the fire regime and its interactions with biodiversity.
Download or read book Degradation Ecological Restoration and Adaptive Management of Estuarine Wetlands under Intensifying Global Changes volume II written by Tian Xie and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-07-03 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estuarine wetlands play important roles in providing various ecosystem services, such as providing habitat for living organisms, preventing seawater intrusion, conserving biodiversity, regulating microclimate, and promoting nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration. Estuaries are home to many mega-cities, such as New York, San Francisco, Shanghai, and Tokyo, accompanied by frequent human activities. These human-induced disturbances have rapidly altered the structure and function of estuarine ecosystems through land reclamation, pollution, overfishing, and altered flows. Moreover, estuarine wetlands have been greatly threatened by intensifying global climate changes, particularly more frequent tsunamis, sea-level rise, and large-scale biological invasions, which will not only affect primary and secondary productivity, community composition and distribution, and biodiversity, but also natural ecohydrological and biogeochemical processes, and will ultimately disrupt ecosystem services. To mitigate such negative impacts, a growing number of estuarine wetland restoration projects have been undertaken in recent years. These projects aim to re-establish a variety of ecological attributes, including community structure (species diversity and habitat) and ecological processes (energy flow and nutrient cycling), which implies increased resilience and resistance of estuarine ecosystems to abiotic and biotic stressors. However, ecological restoration practices are not always satisfactory in the face of uncertainties from intensifying global changes and socioeconomic variation. Ecologists, biologists, environmentalists have been working on finding more effective solutions to restore degraded estuarine wetland ecosystems on a global scale. The concepts of “nature-based solutions”, “adaptive management” or “ecological networks” seem to offer better prospects and are now being used to reframe estuarine restoration on critical uncertainties reduction, climate change adaptation, and mitigation strategies. As the world enters the United Nations Decade of Ecosystem Restoration (2021–2030), countries and organizations around the world will pay greater attention to the innovation of ecological restoration underpinnings to ensure that estuarine restoration achieves its full potential in delivering social and ecological coordination and, ultimately, sustainable development. Therefore, it is important to discuss how anthropogenic disturbances and climate change affect estuarine wetlands and how the latest restoration framework can guide future practices towards conserving and restoring the biodiversity of estuarine wetlands.
Download or read book Wildlife Disease Ecology written by Kenneth Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-14 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces readers to key case studies that illustrate how theory and data can be integrated to understand wildlife disease ecology.
Download or read book Mathematical Ecology of Populations and Ecosystems written by John Pastor and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-31 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MATHEMATICAL ECOLOGY Population ecologists study how births and deaths affect the dynamics of populations and communities, while ecosystem ecologists study how species control the flux of energy and materials through food webs and ecosystems. Although all these processes occur simultaneously in nature, the mathematical frameworks bridging the two disciplines have developed independently. Consequently, this independent development of theory has impeded the cross-fertilization of population and ecosystem ecology. Using recent developments from dynamical systems theory, this advanced undergraduate/graduate level textbook shows how to bridge the two disciplines seamlessly. The book shows how bifurcations between the solutions of models can help understand regime shifts in natural populations and ecosystems once thresholds in rates of births, deaths, consumption, competition, nutrient inputs, and decay are crossed. Mathematical Ecology is essential reading for students of ecology who have had a first course in calculus and linear algebra or students in mathematics wishing to learn how dynamical systems theory can be applied to ecological problems.
Download or read book Spatial Ecology written by David Tilman and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spatial Ecology addresses the fundamental effects of space on the dynamics of individual species and on the structure, dynamics, diversity, and stability of multispecies communities. Although the ecological world is unavoidably spatial, there have been few attempts to determine how explicit considerations of space may alter the predictions of ecological models, or what insights it may give into the causes of broad-scale ecological patterns. As this book demonstrates, the spatial structure of a habitat can fundamentally alter both the qualitative and quantitative dynamics and outcomes of ecological processes. Spatial Ecology highlights the importance of space to five topical areas: stability, patterns of diversity, invasions, coexistence, and pattern generation. It illustrates both the diversity of approaches used to study spatial ecology and the underlying similarities of these approaches. Over twenty contributors address issues ranging from the persistence of endangered species, to the maintenance of biodiversity, to the dynamics of hosts and their parasitoids, to disease dynamics, multispecies competition, population genetics, and fundamental processes relevant to all these cases. There have been many recent advances in our understanding of the influence of spatially explicit processes on individual species and on multispecies communities. This book synthesizes these advances, shows the limitations of traditional, non-spatial approaches, and offers a variety of new approaches to spatial ecology that should stimulate ecological research.
Download or read book Spatial Ecology Patterns and Processes written by Vikas Rai and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spacial Ecology elucidates processes and mechanisms which structure dynamics of real world systems; these include lakes, ponds, forests and rivers. Readers are introduced to contemporary models in ecological literature based on the author’s research experience. The e-book starts by presenting an introduction to basic mechanisms of ecological processes. This is followed by chapters explaining these processes responsible for generating observed spatial patterns in detail. The e-book concludes with a chapter on water quality management and its relevance to the spatial setting in a wetland area. This text in spatial ecology is a welcome resource for readers interested in models, methods and methodologies best suited for the study of advanced ecology courses and topics related to ecosystem structure, function and habitat fragmentation.
