Download or read book Material Quantities in Building Structures and Their Environmental Impact written by Catherine Elvire Lieve De Wolf and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improved operational energy efficiency has increased the percentage of embodied energy in the total life cycle of building structures. Despite a growing interest in this field, practitioners lack a comprehensive survey of material quantities and embodied carbon in building structures. This thesis answers the key question: "What is the embodied carbon of different structures?" Three primary techniques are used: (1) a review of existing tools and literature; (2) a collaboration with a worldwide network of design firms through conversations with experts and (3) the creation of a growing interactive database containing the material efficiency and embodied carbon of thousands of buildings. The first contribution of this thesis is to define challenges and opportunities in estimating greenhouse gas emissions of structures, expressed in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e). Two key variables are analyzed: material quantities (kgmaterial/m2 or kgm/m2) and Embodied Carbon Coefficients (ECC, expressed in kgCO2e/kgm). The main challenges consist of creating incentives for sharing data, identifying accurate ECCs and resolving transparency while protecting intellectual ownership. The main opportunities include using Building Information Models to generate data, proposing regional ECCs and outlining a unified carbon assessment method. The second contribution is the development of an interactive online tool, called deQo (database of embodied Quantity outputs), to provide reliable data about the Global Warming Potential of buildings (GWP, measured in kgCO2e/m2 and obtained by multiplying the two key variables). Given the need for a long-term initiative, a framework is offered to create an interactive, growing online database allowing architects, engineers and researchers to input and compare their projects. The third contribution is the survey of 200 existing buildings obtained through deQo. Two general conclusions result from this survey of building structures: material quantities typically range from 500 to 1500 kg/m2 and the GWP typically ranges between 200 and 700 kgCO2e/m2. Conclusions from this survey include that healthcare buildings use more materials whereas office buildings have a lower impact. Additionally, specific case studies on stadia, bridges and skyscrapers demonstrate that the design approach can have a significant impact on the embodied carbon of building structures. Ultimately, this thesis enables benchmarking of the environmental impact of building structure

Download or read book Material Quantities of Foundation Systems in Building Structures written by Quincy Pratt and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are three major areas in which buildings consume energy: (1) energy consumption from operational processes, such as heating and electricity, (2) energy from building material production and supply, and (3) energy from design and construction processes. In recent years, improved operational energy efficiency has shifted the framework for quantifying a building's energy consumption to a total life-cycle approach, which includes energy consumed in the design and construction phases, also known as the embodied energy. Researchers and industry professionals are in the early stages of developing methods and metrics to quantify embodied energy of buildings, particularly focused on building superstructure. To date, no extensive studies have been performed on the material quantities of foundation systems in building structures or their environmental impact. This thesis answers the key question: "How much do foundation systems contribute to the overall material quantities of buildings, and do foundation systems significantly contribute to the overall embodied energy?" Two methods are used to address these questions. First, an analysis was performed on a survey of building materials using a database of embodied energy recently developed at MIT. The database contains information on material quantities of foundation systems from 200 actual buildings. Second, a case study was analyzed in an attempt to evaluate gaps in the database. Ultimately this thesis is intended to provide preliminary benchmarks for material quantities and embodied energy of foundation systems in buildings. The findings in this study show that foundation systems contribute approximately 25% to a building's total weight and contribute nearly the same percent to the building's overall embodied energy. In addition it provides architects, engineers, contractors, and building owners with information related to the sustainability of building structures.

Download or read book Ecological and Health Effects of Building Materials written by Junaid Ahmad Malik and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-07 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the present adverse effects of using precarious building materials on the ecology and human health. Also, the detailed discussions on the novel and greener construction materials and their utilization as an alternative to the conventional harmful existing methods and materials are also presented in the subsequent chapters. This book helps to fill the research gaps in the existing prior-art knowledge in the field of sustainable construction and green building materials and methods giving due importance to ecology and health, specifically to the fields of sustainable structural engineering, sustainable geotechnical engineering, sustainable road engineering, etc. This book helps in achieving a sustainable environment through possible adoption of innovative and ecological construction practices. Hence, this book acts as a practical workbook, mainly for the academicians and practicing engineers who are willing to work toward the consecrated building industry. It is a well-established fact that the constructions of the engineering structures consume more and more earth resources than any other human activities in the world. In addition, the construction-related activities will produce several million tons of greenhouse gases, toxic emissions, water pollutants, and solid wastes. This creates a huge impact on environment and causes severe health issues on humans and animals. It is thus important to create an eco-friendly construction environment which can satisfy the ecological and health requirements.

Download or read book Examining the Environmental Impacts of Materials and Buildings written by Brownell, Blaine Erickson and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-02-28 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental environmental challenges such as climate change, resource depletion, and pollution are still widely relevant in today’s world. Many of these problems have been associated with the architecture, engineering, and construction industries due to the level of resources used in these professions. In recent years, many manufacturers in these fields have expressed the motivation to make necessary changes that would be beneficial to the environment. Despite this progress, there remains a lack of research and assessment on the methods to achieve environmental stability within these architectural fields. Examining the Environmental Impacts of Materials and Buildings provides emerging research exploring the theoretical and practical aspects of ecological performance within modern building design and materials-based construction. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as life cycle assessment, material flows analysis, and sustainability, this book is ideally designed for architects, civil engineers, construction professionals, environmentalists, ecologists, business practitioners, scientists, policymakers, designers, researchers, and academicians seeking research on current trends in environmental performance within building design.

Download or read book Building Materials for Sustainable and Ecological Environment written by Varenyam Achal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-28 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses theories, hypotheses, policies, practical insights and case studies to introduce and elucidate green building materials for sustainable construction. Cement is the most widely used building material in construction; however, it is not sustainable, being responsible for 7% of global carbon dioxide emissions and consuming huge quantities of energy. In order to limit the ecological damage, sustainable building materials are needed. Ecosystems are a source of important lessons and models for transitioning the built environment onto a sustainable path that opens options for sustainable building material in construction. The book provides a guide for readers seeking knowledge on sustainable building materials with the potential to lower environmental impact by reducing CO2 emission throughout the building’s lifecycle. The book is motivated by recent rapid advances in sustainable building materials production, including green building materials made of industrial by-products and recycled wastes, earth materials, plant-based materials, microbial-based materials or supplementary cementitious materials, to reduce the environmental impacts of traditional building materials. Discussing the development and applications of various sustainable building materials, including related case studies, and addressing the environmental issue with a holistic and systematic approach that creates an ecology of construction for sustainability in infrastructures, it offers promising solutions to achieve renewable and sustainable building materials for the future.

Download or read book Hazardous Building Materials written by Steve Curwell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition provides a detailed reference source of the use in residential buildings of materials known or suspected to harm health and the environment. Alternative materials are evaluated using unique data sheets which compare environmental impact, cost, health, safety and technical performance providing building and construction professionals and other practitioners with the facts they need to make the right selection. Hazardous Building Materials considers the following building elements: structure, windows and doors, roofing, insulation, finishes and fittings, pipes, services and services equipment. Based on the highly successful format of the first edition this practical reference provides expert advice with the use of clear drawings, tables and data sheets to architects, surveyors, facilities managers, students on built environment courses, material suppliers, environmentalists and clients.

Download or read book Ecological Footprint Assessment of Building Construction written by Jaime Solis-Guzman and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2015-10-21 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainability is a major concern when considering the construction of a new building project as there is a definite effect of any construction on its surrounding environment. One tool to measure the environmental impact of projects is the Ecological Footprint (EF). Ecological Footprint Assessment of Building Construction: Spanish Case Study presents the methodology required for the creation of an effective EF assessment of building construction projects with a case study of a Spanish project. The book starts with a detailed overview of the EF indicator for buildings including definitions, methodologies and scale applications. This is followed by chapters on dwelling construction methodology and calculation models for direct (energy and water), indirect (manpower and construction materials) resource consumption and waste in the constructed area. The book concludes with a case study that demonstrates the application of all types of EF indicators mentioned in the previous chapters. The methodology and all steps for each calculation are explained in detail, making the book an applicable reference for working professionals as well as an easy-to-understand guide for graduates undertaking sustainability modules in ecology and civil engineering courses

Download or read book Embodied Carbon in Buildings written by Francesco Pomponi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-28 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a single-source reference for whole life embodied impacts of buildings. The comprehensive and persuasive text, written by over 50 invited experts from across the world, offers an indispensable resource both to newcomers and to established practitioners in the field. Ultimately it provides a persuasive argument as to why embodied impacts are an essential aspect of sustainable built environments. The book is divided into four sections: measurement, including a strong emphasis on uncertainty analysis, as well as offering practical case studies of individual buildings and a comparison of materials; management, focusing in particular on the perspective of designers and contractors; mitigation, which identifies some specific design strategies as well as challenges; and finally global approaches, six chapters which describe in authoritative detail the ways in which the different regions of the world are tackling the issue.

Download or read book Eco efficient Construction and Building Materials written by Fernando Pacheco-Torgal and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2014-02-14 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eco-efficient Construction and Building Materials reviews ways of assessing the environmental impact of construction and building materials. Part one discusses the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to building materials as well as eco-labeling. Part two includes case studies showing the application of LCA methodology to different types of building material, from cement and concrete to wood and adhesives used in building. Part three includes case studies applying LCA methodology to particular structures and components. - Reviews ways of assessing the environmental impact of construction and building materials - Provides a thorough overview, including strengths and shortcomings, of the life cycle assessment (LCA) and eco-labeling of eco-efficient construction and building materials - Includes case studies showing the application of LCA methodology to different types of building material, from cement and concrete to wood and adhesives used in building

Download or read book The Ecology of Building Materials written by Bjørn Berge and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resource added for the Architectural Technology program 106141.

Download or read book Building Materials for Sustainable and Ecological Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses theories, hypotheses, policies, practical insights and case studies to introduce and elucidate green building materials for sustainable construction. Cement is the most widely used building material in construction; however, it is not sustainable, being responsible for 7% of global carbon dioxide emissions and consuming huge quantities of energy. In order to limit the ecological damage, sustainable building materials are needed. Ecosystems are a source of important lessons and models for transitioning the built environment onto a sustainable path that opens options for sustainable building material in construction. The book provides a guide for readers seeking knowledge on sustainable building materials with the potential to lower environmental impact by reducing CO2 emission throughout the building's lifecycle. The book is motivated by recent rapid advances in sustainable building materials production, including green building materials made of industrial by-products and recycled wastes, earth materials, plant-based materials, microbial-based materials or supplementary cementitious materials, to reduce the environmental impacts of traditional building materials. Discussing the development and applications of various sustainable building materials, including related case studies, and addressing the environmental issue with a holistic and systematic approach that creates an ecology of construction for sustainability in infrastructures, it offers promising solutions to achieve renewable and sustainable building materials for the future.

Download or read book Sustainability of Construction Materials written by Jamal Khatib and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainability of Construction Materials, Second Edition, explores an increasingly important aspect of construction. In recent years, serious consideration has been given to environmental and societal issues in the manufacturing, use, disposal, and recycling of construction materials. This book provides comprehensive and detailed analysis of the sustainability issues associated with these materials, mainly in relation to the constituent materials, processing, recycling, and lifecycle environmental impacts. The contents of each chapter reflect the individual aspects of the material that affect sustainability, such as the preservation and repair of timber, the use of cement replacements in concrete, the prevention and control of metal corrosion and the crucial role of adhesives in wood products. - Provides helpful guidance on lifecycle assessment, durability, recycling, and the engineering properties of construction materials - Fully updated to take on new developments, with an additional nineteen chapters added to include natural stone, polymers and plastics, and plaster products - Provides essential reading for individuals at all levels who are involved in the construction and selection, assessment and use, and maintenance of materials

Download or read book Designing with Vision written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlights sustainable waste mgmt. principles for planning, design, and construction of large-scale residential and commercial projects. Sustainability considers the environmental consequences of building practices to eliminate or minimize long-term damage to and depletion of the earth's resources. Chapters: dimensional planning -- use of standard dimensions and simple structural footprint; construction waste reduction techniques, including reuse and recycling; use of modular/pre-constructed elements; environmentally responsible demolition practices; and environmentally friendly product choices especially recycled-content products.

Download or read book Life Cycle Analysis in Construction Industry written by George Xanthakis and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-06-19 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to investigate the whole life cycle of a building, regarded carbon emissions and energy consumption. Buildings have considerable impact on environment: from construction, use, maintenance and renewal to their demolition. Considering their environmental, economic and social impacts, it is obvious that buildings are an important part of sustainable cities. The current research has been performed using the LCA methodology, which allows evaluating the environmental burdens related to the production and use of a specific product or service. The studied building was the PG centre of HW University that is located in Riccarton Campus, Edinburgh. Results of the analysis found the great contribution of use stage as it concerns CO2 environmental impacts. At the construction stage, reinforced concrete, plasterboard, steel and bricks were the most significant material, regarding quantities. As it concerns carbon emissions, steel is the most important material. The study focused on the small distribution of end-use phase and the credits associated with the use of recycled material since it can have a strong influence on the final environmental impacts.

Download or read book Design Economics for the Built Environment written by Herbert Robinson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-27 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The drive towards environmentally friendly buildings and infrastructure has led to a growing interest in providing design solutions underpinned by the core principles of sustainability to balance economic, social and environmental factors. Design Economics for the Built Environment: Impact of sustainability on project evaluation presents new directions, reflecting the need to recognise the impact of climate change and the importance of sustainability in project evaluation. The aim is to provide a new approach to understanding design economics in the context of the changing policy environment, legislative and regulatory framework, and increasing economic, environmental and social pressure as result of the sustainability agenda. The book follows a structured approach from theories and principles in the earlier chapters, to the practical applications and emerging techniques focusing on value and social, economic and environmental considerations in making design decisions. It starts with the policy context, building on various theories and principles such as, capital cost, value of design and resource-based theories, the new rules of measurement (NRM) to explore cost planning, the relationship between height and costs, key socio-economic and environmental variables for design appraisal, eco-cost/value ratio (EVR), whole life theory and the treatment of carbon emission as external costs, productivity and efficiency, fiscal drivers and legal framework for carbon reduction, procurement and allocation of risks in contracts. Case studies, practical examples and frameworks throughout reinforce theories and principles and relate them to current practice. The book is essential reading for postgraduate students in architecture, building and quantity surveying and is also a valuable resource for academics, consultants and policy-makers in the built environment.

Download or read book Seismic Performance Assessment of Buildings Methodology for assessing environmental impacts written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Building Materials Technology written by L. Reed Brantley and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1996 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reference on basic physical and chemical properties of current building materials, for students, architects, designers, structural engineers, contractors, and specification writers. Following the CSI Masterformat, the guide outlines the relationship between structure, properties, and performance, and details properties of interior and exterior materials such as concrete, polymers, woods, roofing materials, and protective finishes, discussing common problems. Contains key terms and questions, plus bandw photos. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR