Download or read book Mass Spectrometry of Functionalized Polymers written by Matthew J. Vergne and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry of Polymers written by Giorgio Montaudo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-10-29 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass Spectrometry (MS) has rapidly become an indispensable tool in polymer analysis, and modern MS today complements in many ways the structural data provided by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Infrared (IR) methods. Recent advances have sparked a growing interest in this field and established a need for a summary of progress made and results
Download or read book Analysis of Synthetic Polymers by Mass Spectrometry and Tandem Mass Spectrometry written by David E. Dabney and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The utilization of MS and MS/MS techniques have resulted in the complete characterization of chain-end, in-chain and cyclic polystyrene and polybutadiene as well as an analytical method which allows the rapid determination of the location of functionality as well as determining if the material is linear or cyclic. The characterization of in-chain polystyrene is described and compared to chain-end polymers comprised with similar functionality. This allowed the differentiation of fragment ions resulting from the CAD fragmentation between the two types of functionalization. Additionally, the MS/MS spectra of in-chain functional polymers allow the determination of average chain length on either side of the functional group. Further expansion of polystyrene understanding was accomplished by characterizing macrocycle polystyrene which also contained a functional group. The CAD spectrum provided conclusive proof that the material was in fact cyclic due to the observed monomer losses as a result of CAD induced ring opening. After ring opening the macrocycle behaves similarly to an in-chain functional polymer and produces a mid-mass range Poisson distribution corresponding to the chain length on each side of the functional group, however, in this case it does not directly correlate to average chain length. This cyclic fragmentation pattern was confirmed when cyclic non-functionalized polybutadiene was characterized. Here the mid-range Poisson distribution was absent due to no functionality being present. However, the same monomer loss was observed which further confirmed that the monomer loss was indeed a function of the ring opening rather than a spectral feature induced by the ToF/ToF mechanism being akin to PSD. This was further confirmed by using a Q/ToF to verify the monomer loss after ring opening. Characterization of polybutadiene without pyrolysis was also conducted. While the adherence to free radical degradation was maintained it was discovered that unlike polystyrene, polybutadiene perferentially fragments by internal arranagements. Finally, by comparing the different MS/MS fragmentation patterns of the various materials utilized for this work the ability to determine where the functional group is and whether or not the material is cyclic and further if the macrocycle contains functionalization is possible by simply observing the MS/MS fragmentation pattern."--Abstract.
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry written by Christopher Barner-Kowollik and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-27 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining an up-to-date insight into mass-spectrometric polymer analysis beyond MALDI with application details of the instrumentation, this is a balanced and thorough presentation of the most important and widely used mass-spectrometric methods. Written by the world's most proficient experts in the field, the book focuses on the latest developments, covering such technologies and applications as ionization protocols, tandem and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, gas-phase ion-separation techniques and automated data processing. Chapters on sample preparation, polymer degradation and the usage of mass-spectrometric tools on an industrial scale round off the book. As a result, both entrants to the field and experienced researchers are able to choose the appropriate methods and instrumentations -- and to assess their respective strengths and limitations -- for the characterization of polymer compounds.
Download or read book Determination of Polymer Structures Sequences and Architectures by Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry written by Aleer Manyuon Yol and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF/ToF MS) characteristics of different polystyrenes and polybutadienes are discussed in this dissertation. The compounds examined include linear, cyclic, in-chain substituted, and star-branched polymers as well as copolymers of styrene and either para-dimethylsilyl styrene (p-DMSS) or meta-dimethylsilyl styrene (m-DMSS). Chapter IV describes the differentiation of cyclic and linear polymers by 2D-mass spectrometry. The silverated quasimolecular ions from cyclic and linear polystyrenes and polybutadienes, formed by MALDI, give rise to significantly different fragmentation patterns in tandem mass spectrometry (MS2) experiments. With both architectures, fragmentation starts with homolytic cleavage at the weakest bond, usually a C-C bond, to generate two radicals. From linear structures, the separated radicals depolymerize extensively by monomer losses and backbiting rearrangements, leading to low-mass radical ions and much less abundant medium- and high-mass closed-shell fragments that contain one of the original end groups, along with internal fragments. With cyclic structures, depolymerization is less efficient, as it can readily be terminated by intramolecular H-atom transfer between the still interconnected radical sites (disproportionation). These differences in fragmentation reactivity result in substantially different fragment ion distributions in the MS2 spectra. Simple inspection of the relative intensities of low- vs. high-mass fragments permits conclusive determination of the macromolecular architecture, while full spectral interpretation reveals the individual end groups of the linear polymers or the identity of the linker used to form the cyclic polymer. Chapter V presents the first sequence analysis of styrenic copolymers by tandem MS. Copolymers of para-dimethylsilyl styrene (p-DMSS) or m-DMSS with styrene were prepared by living anionic polymerization. The MALDI-MS2 results for p-DMSS indicate that a block copolymer is formed, with the para-substituted styrene incorporated near the initiator. On the other hand, the MS2 results of m-DMSS reveal that a random copolymer is formed, consistent with comparable reactivities for m-DMSS and styrene. These findings suggest that p-DMSS is more reactive than m-DMSS. The single-stage (1D) MALDI-MS results further show that linear and 2-armed architectures are formed with both the m-DMSS and the p-DMSS comonomers. The last Chapter, VI, focuses on the differentiation of linear in-chain substituted, cyclic, and star-branched polystyrene (PS) by tandem mass spectrometry. The in-chain functionalized PS gives a MS2 fragmentation pattern that is different from the one observed for cyclic PS with two linker units and, again, with a simple inspection of the tandem mass spectra, these architectures can easily be distinguished. The four-arm star-branched polymer investigated mainly breaks down by losing arms under MALDI-MS2 conditions. Overall, this dissertation documents the usefulness of combined 1D and 2D mass spectrometry experiments for the identification of polymer substituents and their location, for distinguishing polymer architectures, and for determining copolymer sequences.The results presented in this dissertation have been published or are pending for publication in the following journals. 1. Quirk, R. P.; Wang, S-F.; Foster, M. D.; Wesdemiotis, C.; Yol, A. M. "Synthesis of Cyclic Polystyrenes Using Living Anionic Polymerization and Metathesis Ring-Closure" Macromolecules 2011, 44, 7538-7545. 2. Liu, B.; Quirk, R. P.; Wesdemiotis, C.; Yol, A. M.; Foster, M. D. "Precision Synthesis of [omega]-Branch, End-Functionalized Comb Polystyrenes Using Living Anionic Polymerization and Thiol-Ene 'Click' Chemistry" Macromolecules 2012, 45, 9233-9242. 3. Yol, A. M.; Dabney, D. E.; Wang, S-F.; Laurent, B. A.; Foster, M. D.; Quirk, R. P.; Grayson, S. M.; Wesdemiotis, C. "Differentiation of Linear and Cyclic Polymer Architectures by MALDI Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS2)" J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2013, 24, 74-82. 4. Quirk, R.P.; Chavan, V.; Janoski, J.; Yol, A.; Wesdemiotis, C. "General Functionalization Method for Synthesis of [alpha]-Functionalized Polymers by Combination of Anionic Polymerization and Hydrosilation Chemistry" Macromolecular Symposia 2013, 323, 51-57. 5. Yol, A. M.; Janoski, J.; Quirk, R. P.; Wesdemiotis, C. "Sequence Analysis of Styrenic Copolymers by Tandem Mass Spectrometry" Anal. Chem. (Submitted)
Download or read book MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry of Synthetic Polymers written by Harald Pasch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry is one of the latest and most fascinating new developments in the analysis of organic compounds. Originally developed for the analysis of biomolecules, it has developed into one of the most powerful techniques for the characterization of synthetic polymers. This book describes the fundamentals of the MALDI process and the technical features of MALDI-TOF instrumentation. It reviews the application of MALDI-TOF for identification, chemical and molar mass analysis of synthetic polymers. With many examples, the monograph examines experimental protocols for the determination of endgroups, the analysis of copolymers and additives, and the coupling of liquid chromatography and MALDI-TOF in detail.
Download or read book Surface Analysis of Polymers by XPS and Static SIMS written by D. Briggs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-04-02 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth treatment of the instrumentation, physical bases and applications of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and static secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SSIMS) with a specific focus on the subject of polymeric materials. XPS and SSIMS are widely accepted as the two most powerful techniques for polymer surface chemical analysis, particularly in the context of industrial research and problem solving. In this book, the techniques of XPS and SSIMS are described and in each case the author explains what type of information may be obtained. The book also includes details of case studies emphasising the complementary and joint application of XPS and SSIMS in the investigation of polymer surface structure and its relationship to the properties of the material. This book will be of value to academic and industrial researchers interested in polymer surfaces and surface analysis.
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry of Polymers New Techniques written by Minna Hakkarainen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-25 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging Mass Spectrometric Tools for Analysis of Polymers and Polymer Additives, by Nina Aminlashgari and Minna Hakkarainen. Analysis of Polymer Additives and Impurities by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Capillary Electrophoresis/Mass Spectrometry, by Wolfgang Buchberger and Martin Stiftinger. Direct Insertion Probe Mass Spectrometry of Polymers, by Jale Hacaloglu Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Oligo- and Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives, by Petra Mischnick. Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry for Molecular Level Understanding of Polymer Degradation, by Minna Hakkarainen.
Download or read book MALDI Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis written by Liang Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-10-22 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles and Practices of Polymer Mass Spectrometry helps readers acquire the skills necessary for selecting the optimal methods, handling samples, analyzing the data, and interpreting the results of the mass spectrometry of polymers. This guide describes the principles of polymer MS and best practices in polymer characterization. It discusses different approaches, including MALDI, ESI, TOF MS, and FT-MS. It provides a guide to developing appropriate sample preparation protocols for different polymers. Complete with examples of applications and experiments, this is an excellent reference for scientists, researchers, graduate students, and others.
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry written by Christopher Barner-Kowollik and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-10 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining an up-to-date insight into mass-spectrometric polymer analysis beyond MALDI with application details of the instrumentation, this is a balanced and thorough presentation of the most important and widely used mass-spectrometric methods. Written by the world's most proficient experts in the field, the book focuses on the latest developments, covering such technologies and applications as ionization protocols, tandem and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, gas-phase ion-separation techniques and automated data processing. Chapters on sample preparation, polymer degradation and the usage of mass-spectrometric tools on an industrial scale round off the book. As a result, both entrants to the field and experienced researchers are able to choose the appropriate methods and instrumentations -- and to assess their respective strengths and limitations -- for the characterization of polymer compounds.
Download or read book Polymer Surface Characterization written by Luigia Sabbatini and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-01-19 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully updated edition provides a broad approach to the surface analysis of polymers being of high technological interest. Modern analytical techniques, potential applications and recent advances in instrumental apparatus are discussed. The self-consistent chapters are devoted to spectroscopic and microscopic techniques which represent powerful tools for the characterization of morphology and chemical, physical, mechanical properties of polymer surfaces, interfaces, and thin fi lms. Selection of techniques which can properly address very shallow depth of surfaces, spanning from few angstroms to tens of nanometers Interaction of polymer surfaces with their surroundings is pointed out as a critical issue for specifi c applications
Download or read book Practical Polymer Analysis written by T.R. Crompton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 841 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to familiarize the reader with the practical aspects of polymer analysis. A wealth of practical detail, including some detailed methods is included. The book covers not only the analysis of the main types of polymers and copolymers now in use commercially, but also the analysis of minor non-polymeric components of the polymer formulation, whether they be deliberately added, such as processing additives, or whether they occur adventitiously, such as moisture and residual monomers and solvent. A broad scheme for the examination of polymers is discussed in Chapter 2. Practically all of the major newer analytical techniques and many of the older classical techniques, have been used to examine polymers and their additive systems. As so many different polymers are now used commercially it is also advisable when attempting to identify a polymer to classify it by first separating it into pure polymeric and gross non polymeric fractions (Chapter Z) and then carrying out at least a qualitative elemental analysis and possible a quantitative analysis (Chapters 3 and 4) and then in some cases, depending on the elements found, to carry out functional group analysis (Chapters 6 and 9).
Download or read book Spectroscopy of Polymers written by J.L. Koenig and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-09-16 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised and updated Second Edition of the best-selling reference/text is essential reading for students and scientists who seek a thorough and practical introduction to the field of polymer spectroscopy. Eleven chapters cover the fundamental aspects and experimental applications of the primary spectroscopic methods. The advantages and disadvantages of the various techniques for particular polymer systems are also discussed. The goal of the author is not to make the reader an expert in the field, but rather to provide enough information about the different spectroscopic methods that the reader can determine how the available techniques can be used to solve a particular polymer problem. This Second Edition contains new and updated information on techniques in IR and NMR, as well as an all-new chapter on Mass Spectrometry.
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry of Polymers written by Giorgio Montaudo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-10-29 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass Spectrometry (MS) has rapidly become an indispensable tool in polymer analysis, and modern MS today complements in many ways the structural data provided by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Infrared (IR) methods. Recent advances have sparked a growing interest in this field and established a need for a summary of progress made and results
Download or read book Applications of Polymer Spectroscopy written by E.G. Brame and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applications of Polymer Spectroscopy focuses on the use of spectroscopy for the determination of polymer structure. This book is divided into three general areas of spectroscopy: nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and mass spectroscopy. This text is comprised of 16 chapters and begins with a discussion on the applications of NMR spectroscopy, including carbon-13 NMR, proton NMR, and fluorine-19 NMR. The next section considers infrared spectroscopy, with special consideration to the Fourier transform method and the dynamic method of handling the examination of polymer films. The book then examines the applications of mass spectroscopy, which include the usual characterization of decomposition products both by direct and indirect means and by stressing the polymer. The use of chemiluminescence, Raman spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance methods is also covered. The last chapter describes the mass spectrometry of thermally treated polymers. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, students, and researchers in fields ranging from polymer science and materials science to chemistry and engineering.
Download or read book Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy in Polymer Analysis written by T. R Crompton and published by Smithers Rapra. This book was released on 2010-12-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combination of chromatography with mass spectroscopy is a very useful technique which is being increasingly used by polymer chemists to improve existing polymers and to discover new ones with specific physical properties such as thermal stability and retention of properties over a long service life.This technique is extremely powerful for the analysis and characterisation of polymers and is often based on the use of controlled chromatography - mass spectroscopy to measure a polymer's decomposition with techniques such as pyrolysis, followed by chromatography to separate any breakdown product, and, finally, mass spectroscopy, to achieve an unequivocal identification of the pyrolysis products obtained. The detail that can be obtained by such methods includes structure of the polymer backbone, branching, end groups, isomeric detail and fine detail in the structure of copolymers.The first three chapters of the book discuss the various chromatographic and mass spectroscopic techniques now available.Chapters 3-8 cover the complementary methods, based on the combination of mass spectroscopy with various chromatographic techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography.Pyrolysis chromatography-mass spectroscopy is a method of studying the structure of polymers which involves subjecting the polymer pyrolysis products to a chromatographic technique to simplify subsequent analysis and, finally mass spectroscopy to identify the pyrolysis products with the possibility of deducing finer details of polymer structure than were previously attainable by classical methods (Chapters 9-11).By providing a thorough up-to-date review of work in this field it is hoped that the book will be of interest to all those engaged in polymer research and development, and polymer users in general.
Download or read book Functionalized Polymers written by Narendra Pal Singh Chauhan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-14 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functionalized polymers are macromolecules to which chemically bound functional groups are attached which can be used as catalysts, reagents, protective groups, etc. Functionalized polymers have low cost, ease of processing and attractive features for functional organic molecules. Chemical reactions for the introduction of functional groups in polymers and the conversion of functional groups in polymers depend on different properties. Such properties are of great importance for functionalization reactions for possible applications of reactive polymers. This book deals with the synthesis and design of various functional polymers, the modification of preformed polymer backbones and their various applications.
