Download or read book Market interdependence and volatility transmission among major crops written by Gardebroek, Cornelis and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of volatility between the corn, wheat, and soybean markets in the United States. Volatility interactions across markets, if they exist, may lower the effectiveness of diversification strategies to mitigate price risks and should be taken into account when analyzing the pricing behavior of different agricultural commodities. We follow a Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (MGARCH) approach to evaluate the level of interdependence and volatility transmission across these major crops on a daily, weekly, and monthly basis.
Download or read book Examining the sense and science behind Ghana s current blanket fertilizer recommendation written by Chapoto, Antony and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper was written to help bolster the case and present visual evidence demonstrating why it is important to seriously consider spatial soil fertility variability in Ghana and to promote area-specific fertilizer recommendations. Using geostatistical analysis of soil samples collected from farmer plots in three districts (Tamale Municipality, Savelugu-Nanton, and West Mamprusi in northern Ghana), the paper analyzes spatial variations in soil fertility. The results clearly show that there are variations in soil pH, organic matter content, and available phosphorous even at the community level, supporting the need for Ghana to seriously consider location-specific fertilizer recommendations.
Download or read book Intellectual property rights technology diffusion and agricultural development written by Spielman, David J. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-04-30 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) has been extensively debated in the literature on technology transfers and agricultural production in developing countries. However, few studies offer cross-country evidence on how IPRs affect yield growth, for example, by incentivizing private-sector investment in cultivar improvement. We address this knowledge gap by testing technology diffusion patterns for six major crops using a unique dataset for the period 19612010 and an ArellanoBond linear dynamic panel-data estimation approach. Findings indicate that both biological and legal forms of IPRs tend to promote yield gap convergence between developed and developing countries, although effects vary between crops.
Download or read book Can smallholder fruit and vegetable production systems improve household food security and nutritional status of women written by Kabunga, Nassul and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-05-01 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper aims to empirically infer potential causal linkages between fruit and vegetable (F&V) production, individual F&V intake, household food security, and anemia levels for individual women caregivers of childbearing age. Using a unique and rich dataset recently collected from rural smallholder Ugandan households, we show that the use of a qualitative tool to measure household food insecurity is robust and applicable in other contexts. We also show, using robust econometric methods, that women living in F&V-producer households have a significantly higher intake of F&Vs than those living in nonproducer households. Furthermore, F&V-producer households are potentially more food secure, and women caregivers in producer households have significantly higher levels of hemoglobin, rendering the prevalence rates of anemia lower among F&V-producer households. We argue that these effects, modest as they are, could be further improved if there were deliberate efforts to promote the intensification of smallholder F&V production.
Download or read book Women s individual and joint property ownership written by Doss, Cheryl and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly, womens property rights are seen as important for both equity and efficiency reasons. While there has been debate in the literature about women are better off with individual rights in contrast to rights jointly with their husband, little empirical work has analyzed this question. In this paper, the relationship of womens individual and joint property ownership and the level of womens input into household decisionmaking is explored with data from India, Mali, Malawi, and Tanzania. In the three African countries, women with individual landownership have greater input into household decisionmaking than women whose landownership is joint; both have more input than women who are not landowners. The relationship with other household decisions is more mixed, as is the relationship between housing and input into household decisionmaking. No similar relationship is found in Orissa, India.
Download or read book Agriculture for development in Iraq Estimating the impacts of achieving the agricultural targets of the national development plan 2013 2017 on economic growth incomes and gender equality written by Al-Haboby, Azhr and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-05-30 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper estimates the potential effects of achieving the agricultural goals set out in Iraqs National Development Plan (NDP) 20132017 using a dynamic computable general equilibrium model. The findings suggest that raising agricultural productivity in accordance with the NDP may more than double average agricultural growth rates and add an average of 0.7 percent each year to economywide gross domestic product during the duration of the plan. As a consequence, the economy not only diversifies into agriculture, but agricultural growth also lifts growth in the food processing and service sectors. Achieving the yield targets for cereals (especially wheat) and for fruits and vegetables will have the largest impact on economic growth and household incomes. Household incomes will rise by an estimated 3.3 percent annually. This increase in household incomes will benefit the poorest households and female-headed urban households the most due to a combination of lower food prices and higher incomes from labor and land. Reaping these benefits from agricultural growth will critically depend on the implementation of policies and investments to ensure that additional agricultural produce can be marketed efficiently domestically and compete with imports.
Download or read book Humic Substances written by Abdelhadi Makan and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-10-06 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Present in soil and water, humic substances are the most widespread organic compounds, naturally occurring from a physical, chemical, and microbiological transformation of biomolecules. They represent about 25% of the total organic carbon on the Earth and comprise up to 75% of the dissolved organic carbon in water, making them important for multiple environmental processes in both soil and aquatic systems. Despite many decades of extensive study, the formation mechanisms of humic substances are still a subject of discussion and controversy. This book examines the dynamics of humic substances, their physicochemical and biological properties, and methods for their extraction and characterization. The book also sheds light on recent advances and applications of humic substances in agriculture, environment, industry, and medicine.
Download or read book Environmental migration and labor markets in Nepal written by Maystadt, Jean-François and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-08-08 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While an emerging literature cites weather shocks as major determinants of migration, scant evidence exists on how such migration impacts the labor markets of receiving communities in developing countries. We address this knowledge gap by investigating the impact of weather-driven internal migration on labor markets in a post-conflict country, Nepal, using household survey data in 2003 and 2010.
Download or read book Identifying agricultural expenditures within the public financial accounts and coding system in Ghana written by Benin, Samuel and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is part of four country case studies that take a detailed look at public expenditures in agriculture, and at how the data on expenditures are captured in government financial and budget accounts. The objective of these studies is to unpack the black box of public expenditure statistics reported in various cross-country datasets, and ultimately to enable the use of existing government accounts to identify levels and compositions of government agriculture expenditures, with better understanding of what these data are in fact accounting for.
Download or read book The role of agriculture in the fast growing Rwandan Economy written by Diao, Xinshen and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study assesses the future growth prospects of Rwanda. The report first focuses on broad economic growth using a rather aggregated 18-sector dynamic general equilibrium model to display the trade-off between rapid growth and structural change. The analysis shows that with the current investment pattern, rapid growth is possible but structural transformation is slow. With an overvalued exchange rate, growth in the tradable sector slows down and its share in the economy stays small. The importance of agriculture thus should be considered in the broad development strategy, for its role not only in poverty reduction but also in economic growth.
Download or read book Food Price Volatility and Its Implications for Food Security and Policy written by Matthias Kalkuhl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-12 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides fresh insights into concepts, methods and new research findings on the causes of excessive food price volatility. It also discusses the implications for food security and policy responses to mitigate excessive volatility. The approaches applied by the contributors range from on-the-ground surveys, to panel econometrics and innovative high-frequency time series analysis as well as computational economics methods. It offers policy analysts and decision-makers guidance on dealing with extreme volatility.
Download or read book The Handbook of Global Agricultural Markets written by L. Nijs and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-23 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a one-stop reference for practitioners and academics in finance, business and economics, providing a holistic reference to the international agriculture business. It takes a multidisciplinary approach, looking at the issues, opportunities and investable themes in the global agricultural space, combining research and practical tools.
Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Agricultural Economics written by Gail L. Cramer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-23 with total page 1026 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook offers an up-to-date collection of research on agricultural economics. Drawing together scholarship from experts at the top of their profession and from around the world, this collection provides new insights into the area of agricultural economics. The Routledge Handbook of Agricultural Economics explores a broad variety of topics including welfare economics, econometrics, agribusiness, and consumer economics. This wide range reflects the way in which agricultural economics encompasses a large sector of any economy, and the chapters present both an introduction to the subjects as well as the methodology, statistical background, and operations research techniques needed to solve practical economic problems. In addition, food economics is given a special focus in the Handbook due to the recent emphasis on health and feeding the world population a quality diet. Furthermore, through examining these diverse topics, the authors seek to provide some indication of the direction of research in these areas and where future research endeavors may be productive. Acting as a comprehensive, up-to-date, and definitive work of reference, this Handbook will be of use to researchers, faculty, and graduate students looking to deepen their understanding of agricultural economics, agribusiness, and applied economics, and the interrelationship of those areas.
Download or read book Can market based approaches to technology development and dissemination benefit women smallholder farmers written by Njuki, Jemimah and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-07-11 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rural household economies dependent on rainfed agriculture are increasingly turning to irrigation technology solutions to reduce the effects of weather variability and guard against inconsistent and low crop output. Organizations are increasingly using market-based approaches to disseminate technologies to smallholder farmers, and, although women are among their targeted group, little is known of the extent to which these approaches are reaching and benefiting women. There is also little evidence on the implications of womens use and control of irrigation technologies for outcomes, including crop choice and income management. This paper reports findings from a qualitative study undertaken in Tanzania and Kenya to examine womens access to and ownership of KickStart pumps and the implications for their ability to make major decisions on crop choices and use of income from irrigated crops. Results from sales-monitoring data show that women purchase less than 10 percent of the pumps and men continue to make most of the major decisions on crop choices and income use. These findings vary by type of crop, with men making major decisions on high-income crops such as tomatoes and women having relatively more autonomy on crops such as leafy vegetables. The study concludes that market-based approaches on their own cannot guarantee access to and ownership of technologies, and businesses need to take specific measures toward the goal of reaching and benefiting women.
Download or read book Co movement of major commodity price returns A time series assessment written by de Nicola, Francesca and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-06-13 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the degree of co-movement among the nominal price returns of 11 major energy, agricultural, and food commodities using monthly data between 1970 and 2013. The authors study the extent and the time evolution of unconditional and conditional correlations using a uniform-spacings testing approach, a multivariate dynamic conditional correlation model and a rolling regression procedure.
Download or read book Progress in Pattern Recognition Image Analysis Computer Vision and Applications written by João Manuel R. S. Tavares and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-13 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 25th Iberoamerican Congress on Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications, CIARP 2021, which took place during May 10–13, 2021. The conference was initially planned to take place in Porto, Portugal, but changed to a virtual event due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 45 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 82 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: medical applications; natural language processing; metaheuristics; image segmentation; databases; deep learning; explainable artificial intelligence; image processing; machine learning; and computer vision.
Download or read book The impact of shocks on gender differentiated asset dynamics in Bangladesh written by Rakib, Muntaha and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-06-27 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assets are an important means of coping with adverse events in developing countries but the role of gendered ownership is not yet fully understood. This paper investigates changes in assets owned by the household head, his spouse, or jointly by both of them in response to shocks in rural agricultural households in Bangladesh with the help of detailed household survey panel data. Land is owned mostly by men, who are wealthier than their spouses with respect to almost all types of assets, but relative ownership varies by type of asset. Controlling for unobserved heterogeneity across households and looking at changes within, rather than between, households, we find that weather shocks such as cyclones adversely affect the asset holdings of household heads in general, while predicted external events lead to assets of both spouses being drawn down. The results, furthermore, suggest that jointly owned assets are not sold in response to shocks, either due to these assets being actively protected or due to the difficulty of agreeing on this coping strategy, and that womens asset holdings and associated coping strategies are shaped by their lower involvement in agriculture.
