Download or read book Mapping Vegetation and Burn Scars Following the 1997 Indonesia Fires Using ERS Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar written by Paul Alan Maus and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indonesia s Fires and Haze written by David Glover and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2006 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From September to November of 1997, raging fires in Indonesia pumped enough smoke into the air to blanket the entire region in haze, reaching as far north as southern Thailand and the Philippines, with Malaysia and Singapore being particularly affected. This book conservatively assesses the damage at US $4.5 billion, more than the Exxon Valdez oil spill and India's Bhopal chemical spill combined. It looks at the causes of the fires, the physical damages that resulted, and their effects on heath, industrial production, and tourism, among others.
Download or read book Global and Regional Vegetation Fire Monitoring from Space written by Frank J. Ahern and published by Kugler Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction Increasing conflagrations of forests and other lands throughout the world during the 1980s and 1990s have made fires in forest and other vegetation emerge as an important global concern. Both the number and severity of wildfires (accidental fires) and the application of fire for land-use change, seem to have increased dramatically compared to previous decades of the twentieth century. The adverse consequences of extensive wildfires cross national boundaries and have global impacts. Fire regimes are changing with climate variability and population dynamics. Satellite remote sensing technology has the potential to play an important role for monitoring fires and their consequences, as well as in operational fire management. In response to this need as well as to respond to other needs for more rapid progress in forest observation, in 1997 the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) initiated Global Observation of Forest Cover (GOFC) as an international pilot project to test the concepts of an Integrated Global Observing System. The GOFC program is currently part of the Global Terrestrial Observing System (GTOS). GOFC was designed to bring together data providers and information users to make information products from satellite and in-situ observations of forests more readily available worldwide. Fire Monitoring and Mapping was formed as one of three basic components of GOFC. This book contains eighteen contributions authored by scientists who represent the most active international research and development institutions, aiming at coordinating and improving international efforts for user-oriented systems and products. These papers were initially presented at a GOFC Fire Workshop held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra. The volume is a contribution of the GOFC Forest Fire Monitoring and Mapping Implementation Team to the Interagency Task Force Working Group Wildland Fire of the UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR).
Download or read book The Use of Interferometric Spaceborne Radar and GIS to Measure Ground Subsidence in Peat Soils in Indonesia written by Bashar Dahdal and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has been increasingly used to extract information about the earth"s surface by exploiting the phase difference between two complex radar signals. Some significant application fields that utilize InSAR techniques are digital elevation model (DEM) generation, land use classification and land subsidence. In this thesis, by using ERS-1/2 tandem SAR images pairs, the potential implementations of SAR interferometry in tropical peatland forests in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia are described. Coherence was found to be a good tool for rapid assessment for burned and deforested areas. The coherence of burned forest area was increased by 0.2; whilst the minimum coherence was found to be than 0.35. However, many critical factors affect the quality of InSAR data and limit its applications, such as methods of InSAR data processing. This study emphasizes the impact of different processing and phase unwrapping techniques on DEM accuracy. Analyses of InSAR DEM accuracy indicate that DEMs with relative errors of less than 3 m root mean square error (RMSE) are possible in some regions in the former Mega Rice Project (Ex-MRP) area and could meet many objectives of a global mapping mission. Applying adaptive filtering many times with a decreasing window size has a strong impact to reduce the number of residues, which can increase the phase unwrapping efficiency and the final DEM accuracy. Furthermore, the differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) was examined to see if it can detect peatland subsidence accurately from October 1997 to January 2000 using 4-pass and complex interferogram combination methods. The subsidence rate of 2 cm per year is considered to be the best possible prediction for subsidence in the project area and between 53 and 83 Mt of peat carbon was lost for the same period of the study. The contribution of the maximum subsidence to the emission of CO2 was estimated to be 52 tonnes per hectare per year. These results are not reliable enough for detailed planning purposes, but they provide a basis for further work by highlighting where methodological development is needed.
Download or read book Fire Regime Vegetation Dynamics and Land Cover Change in Tropical Peatland Indonesia written by Agata Hościło and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis seeks to understand and explain the role of fire in land cover change, vegetation and carbon dynamics in the carbon-dense, tropical peat swamp forest ecosystem of Southeast Asia. Following a methodological review, earth observation and ground data are employed to investigate fire regime, post-fire vegetation recovery, and fire-driven carbon losses in 4,500 km2 of peatland in Central Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo. Results reveal an increasing trend in deforestation (2.2% yr-1 forest loss rate, 1973-1996; 7.5% yr-1, 1997-2005) and identify fire as the principal cause. A step change in fire regime is identified, with increasing fire frequency and reduced return interval following land drainage for the Mega Rice Project (MRP). During the post-MRP period (1997-2005), ~45% of the area was subject to multiple fires; 37% burnt twice and 8% three or more times. Extensive fires in 1997 and 2002 were associated with ENSO droughts, but fires in non-ENSO years (i.e. 2004, 2005) indicate fire incidence has decoupled from ENSO. This study provides a novel approach to quantifying relative magnitude of burn severity using characteristics of the post-fire vegetation regrowth. Combined spectral and ground data are used to demonstrate that enhanced fire frequency and burn severity limit post-fire forest recovery, with fern-dominated communities replacing tree re-growth. The character of post-fire vegetation is an important factor defining burning conditions for a subsequent fire, whilst fire frequency, severity and return interval influence both rate and nature of vegetation regrowth. Methods are proposed for deriving fire-driven carbon losses. Over the period 1973-2005, losses are estimated at 79-113 Mt of carbon (53-83 Mt from peat; 26-30 Mt from vegetation), with the greatest loss occurring during the post-MRP era (65-94 Mt). This work identifies the processes linking fire regime in tropical peatland to changes in vegetation ecology and carbon stocks and assesses the implications for ecosystem rehabilitation.
Download or read book Mapping Fire Scars in Kalimantan Indonesia Using Satellite Image Processing Techniques written by Michele A. Fulk and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tropical Forest Mapping Using Polarimetric and Interferometric SAR Data written by Kemal Unggul Prakoso and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Post Fire Vegetation Recovery in Iberia Based on Remote Sensing Information written by Célia Gouveia and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A previously developed procedure that aims at monitoring the process of vegetation recovery in areas affected by major fire episodes is revisited and assessed in terms of consistency and robustness. The procedure is based on 10-day fields of Maximum Value Composites of the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (MVC-NDVI). The identification of fire scars is first achieved based on cluster analysis of persistent NDVI anomalies during the year following the fire event. Post-fire vegetation behaviour is then characterised based on maps of recovery rates as estimated by fitting a mono-parametric model of vegetation recovery to NDVI data over each burned scar. Results obtained indicate that reliable estimates of vegetation recovery times may be achieved using time series of NDVI of moderate length. It is also shown that consistent results are obtained when time series are derived either from 1-km spatial resolution data retrieved by the VEGETATION sensor on-board SPOT or from 250-m spatial resolution data from the MODIS instrument on-board Aqua and Terra. The regeneration model is also applied to estimate recovery rates in the case of recurrent fires. Overall results point out that the proposed methodology may play an important role in studying vegetation recovery and species succession after recurrent fires, namely when one vegetation type is replaced by another that regenerates faster, despite being more flammable and therefore increasing the risk of severe and large fires. The robustness of the proposed model highlights its adequacy to assess post-fire vegetation dynamics and therefore the procedure reveals as a promising tool for planning and implementing of better fire management practices before and after fire events.
Download or read book Analysis of Vegetation Change Following Wildfire written by Larry J. Sugarbaker and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indonesia s Fires and Haze written by David Glover and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Remote Sensing and Hydrological Modeling of Burn Scars written by Mary Ellen Miller and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributions stemming from these studies include improved burn scar maps for studying historical fire extent and demonstration of the feasibility of using thermal satellite data to predict burn scar extent when clouds and smoke obscure visible bands. The incorporation of Landsat derived burn severity maps was shown to improve post-fire erosion modeling results. Finally the potential post-fire burn severity and erosion risk maps generated for western US forests will be used for planning pre-fire fuel reduction treatments.
Download or read book Forest mapping and monitoring with interferometric synthetic aperture radar InSAR written by Heiko Balzter and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wildland Fire Management Handbook for Sub Sahara Africa written by Johann Georg Goldammer and published by African Minds. This book was released on 2004 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Africa is a fire continent. Since the early evolution of humanity, fire has been harnessed as a land-use tool. Many ecosystems of Sub-Sahara Africa that have been shaped by fire over millennia provide a high carrying capacity for human populations.
Download or read book Spatial Analysis for Radar Remote Sensing of Tropical Forests written by Gianfranco D de Grandi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-03-25 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spatial Analysis for Radar Remote Sensing of Tropical Forests is based on the authors' extensive involvement in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) mapping projects, targeting the health of an earth ecosystem with great relevance for climate change studies: the tropical forests. The subject is developed from a vantage point provided by analysis in a combined space, scale (frequency), time, wavelength, polarization domain. The combination of space and scale offers the capability to zoom in and out like a virtual microscope to the resolution in tune with the underlying ecological phenomenon. It also enables statistical measures (correlations) related to the forest spatial distribution in case of backscatter, or to the canopy height variations in case of interferometric observations. The time dimension brings into play measures of the ecosystem dynamics, such as the flooding extent in the swamp forests, deforestation or degradation events. Wavelength and polarization agility extend the abovementioned capabilities by radar observations that are in tune with particular characteristics of the forest and terrain layers. The book's spotlight is on radar spatial random fields, these being populated by either backscatter observations or elevation data from interferometric SAR. The basic tenet here is that the spatial statistic of the fields measured by the wavelet variance (in stationary or non-stationary situations) carries fingerprints of the forest structure. Features: Uniquely focused on specific techniques that provide multi-resolution spatial and temporal analysis of forest structure characteristics and changes. Examines several large and important international remote sensing projects aimed at documenting entire tropical ecosystems. Provides novel wavelet methods for tropical forest structural measures. As the first book on this topic, this composite approach appeals to both students learning through important case studies and to researchers finding new ideas for future studies.
Download or read book Burn Area Mapping Using UAVSAR High Resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar Data written by Joshua Lokomaika'I Verkerke and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field Guide for Mapping Post Fire Soil Burn Severity written by United States Department of Agriculture and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-02 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following wildfires in the United States, the U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of the Interior mobilize Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER) teams to assess immediate post-fire watershed conditions. BAER teams must determine threats from flooding, soil erosion, and instability. Developing a postfire soil burn severity map is an important first step in the rapid assessment process. It enables BAER teams to prioritize field reviews and locate burned areas that may pose a risk to critical values within or downstream of the burned area. By helping to identify indicators of soil conditions that differentiate soil burn severity classes, this field guide will help BAER teams to consistently interpret, field validate, and map soil burn severity.
Download or read book First Order Fire Effects Model written by Elizabeth D. Reinhardt and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A First Order Fire Effects Model (FOFEM) was developed to predict the direct consequences of prescribed fire and wildfire. FOFEM computes duff and woody fuel consumption, smoke production, and fire-caused tree mortality for most forest and rangeland types in the United States. The model is available as a computer program for PC or Data General computer.
