Download or read book Management of Glyphosate resistant Waterhemp in Corn and Soybean written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Economics of Glyphosate Resistance Management in Corn and Soybean Production written by Michael Livingston and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-05-21 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glyphosate, known by many trade names, including Roundup, is a highly effective herbicide. Widespread glyphosate use for corn and soybean has led to glyphosate resistance, which is now documented in 14 weed species affecting U.S. cropland, and recent surveys suggest that acreage with glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds is expanding. Data from USDA's Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS), along with the Benchmark Study (conducted independently by plant scientists), are used to address several issues raised by the spread of GR weeds. Choices made by growers that could help manage glyphosate resistance include using glyphosate during fewer years, combining it with one or more alternative herbicides, and, most importantly, not applying glyphosate during consecutive growing seasons. As a result, managing glyphosate resistance is more cost effective than ignoring it, and after about 2 years, the cumulative impact of the returns received is higher when managing instead of ignoring resistance.

Download or read book The History of Garden Roses written by Ann P. Wylie and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Economics of Glyphosate Resistance Management in Corn and Soybean Production written by Michael J. Livingston and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glyphosate, known by many trade names, including Roundup, is a highly effective herbicide. Widespread glyphosate use for corn and soybean has led to glyphosate resistance, which is now documented in 14 weed species affecting U.S. cropland, and recent surveys suggest that acreage with glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds is expanding. Data from USDA's Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS), along with the Benchmark Study (conducted independently by plant scientists), are used to address several issues raised by the spread of GR weeds. Choices made by growers that could help manage glyphosate resistance include using glyphosate during fewer years, combining it with one or more alternative herbicides, and, most importantly, not applying glyphosate during consecutive growing seasons. As a result, managing glyphosate resistance is more cost effective than ignoring it, and after about 2 years, the cumulative impact of the returns received is higher when managing instead of ignoring resistance.

Download or read book Integration of Cultural Practices and Herbicide resistant Crop Technologies for the Management of Glyphosate resistant Waterhemp in Soybean written by John Lawrence Schultz and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis Sauer) is the most prominent and troublesome weed in agronomic crops in Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois. As of 2014 in the U.S., herbicide resistance was present in waterhemp to one or more of the following herbicide modes of action: growth regulators, EPSPS-, acetolactate synthase (ALS)-, protoporphyrinogen (PPO)-, photosystem II (PSII)-, and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibiting herbicides. The objectives of this research were 1) determine the effect of cultural and herbicidal control methods on resistant waterhemp in glufosinate-resistant soybean, 2) evaluate weed management programs and response of HPPD-resistant soybean to HPPD-inhibiting herbicides, and 3) investigate the distribution of herbicide resistances and molecular mechanisms conferring resistance in Missouri waterhemp populations. Results from this research indicate that preemergence followed by postemergence with residual (PRE fb POST w/RES) herbicide programs with 19- or 38-cm rows will provide the greatest glyphosate-resistant (GR) waterhemp control in glufosinate resistant soybean. PRE fb POST programs improved GR waterhemp control and biomass reduction over all one- and two-pass POST programs in HPPD-resistant soybean. The addition of isoxaflutole to PRE treatments in HPPD- resistant soybean was not always necessary to provide high levels of weed control, but incorporating isoxaflutole or mesotrione in PRE fb POST programs allows for a greater diversity of effective herbicide modes of action. Resistance to five major herbicide modes of action was confirmed with at least 52% of 187 waterhemp populations being resistant to two modes of action. Results indicate PRE fb POST programs with multiple, effective modes of action will be necessary to control Missouri waterhemp populations in the future.

Download or read book Biology Gene Flow and Management of Glyphosate resistant Common Waterhemp Amaranthus Rudis Sauer in Nebraska written by Debalin Sarangi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Common waterhemp is the most troublesome weed in the midwestern United States. Growers from Nebraska reported failure to control common waterhemp following sequential applications of glyphosate in glyphosate-tolerant corn and soybean, which led to moderate to severe yield loss; justifying the need to confirm resistance and study the biology and management of common waterhemp. The objectives of this research were: 1) to confirm the presence of glyphosate-resistant (GR) common waterhemp biotypes in Nebraska and to evaluate their sensitivity to herbicides belonging to alternative sites-of-action; 2) to evaluate the response of common waterhemp to water stress; 3) to quantify pollen-mediated gene flow from GR common waterhemp under field conditions; and 4) to evaluate different herbicide programs for season-long control of glyphosate-resistant common waterhemp in glyphosate-tolerant soybean. Greenhouse dose-response studies conducted to evaluate the response of suspected GR common waterhemp biotypes collected from seven eastern Nebraska counties (Antelope, Dodge, Fillmore, Lancaster, Pawnee, Seward, and Washington) revealed that the biotypes were 3- to 39-fold resistant to glyphosate. The GR biotypes also showed a reduced sensitivity to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides (chlorimuron-ethyl, imazamox, imazaquin, imazethapyr, and thifensulfuron-methyl). Experiments conducted to evaluate the response of common waterhemp to water stress suggested that degree and duration of water stress can adversely affect the growth and seed production of common waterhemp. Highest plant height (≥ 150 cm), growth index (≥ 3.8 x 105 cm3), and seed production (> 34,000 seeds plant-1) were recorded with 100% pot water content applied at 2-d intervals. Pollen-mediated gene flow studies from GR to GS biotypes were conducted under field conditions using a Nelder wheel design. Frequency of gene flow was found to be highest (up to 0.77) at the closer distances (0 to 0.1 m); whereas gene flow frequency declined by 50% at

Download or read book The Economics of Glyphosate Resistance Management in Corn and Soybean Production written by United States Department of Agriculture and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-07-08 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glyphosate, known by many trade names, including Roundup, is a highly effective herbicide. Widespread glyphosate use for corn and soybean has led to glyphosate resistance, which is now documented in 14 weed species affecting U.S. cropland, and recent surveys suggest that acreage with glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds is expanding. Data from USDA's Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS), along with the Benchmark Study (conducted independently by plant scientists), are used to address several issues raised by the spread of GR weeds. Choices made by growers that could help manage glyphosate resistance include using glyphosate during fewer years, combining it with one or more alternative herbicides, and, most importantly, not applying glyphosate during consecutive growing seasons. As a result, managing glyphosate resistance is more cost effective than ignoring it, and after about 2 years, the cumulative impact of the returns received is higher when managing instead of ignoring resistance.

Download or read book The Distribution and Control of Glyphosate resistant Waterhemp Amaranthus Tuberculatus Var Rudis in Soybean Glycine Max in Ontario written by Mike G. Schryver and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Field surveys were conducted in 2014 and 2015 to gain an understanding of the distribution of glyphosate-resistant waterhemp in Ontario. Following the first confirmed case on Walpole Island, Lambton County in 2014, 39 additional glyphosate-resistant populations were discovered in 2015. In addition to glyphosate, waterhemp populations were found to be resistant to group 2 (imazethapyr) and group 5 (atrazine) herbicides in greenhouse experiments at an incidence of 100% and 75%, respectively. Of the 49 collected waterhemp samples, 61% were resistant to all three herbicide groups (2, 5, and 9). In addition, six greenhouse and thirty-six field experiments were conducted over a two-year period (2015 and 2016) at four locations to determine the biologically effective rate of glyphosate, and at two locations to evaluate the efficacy of pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicides for the control of glyphosate- resistant waterhemp in soybean. Determination of the biologically effective rate of glyphosate revealed a resistance factor in the greenhouse and field of 4.8 and 28, respectively. Among the 14 pre-emergence herbicides available for use in soybean that were tested, pyroxasulfone/flumioxazin, pyroxasulfone/sulfentrazone, and s-metolachlor/metribuzin all provided greater than 90% control. A two- pass weed control strategy was found to be the most efficacious, with a residual pre-emergence herbicide followed by an alternative to glyphosate applied postemergence for waterhemp escapes providing excellent control in all control systems tested.

Download or read book Integrated Weed Management for Sustainable Agriculture written by Robert Zimdahl and published by Burleigh Dodds Series in Agric. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weeds remain a major obstacle to improved yields in agriculture. At the same time, established methods of control are being undermined by problems such as herbicide resistance. This major collection reviews key developments in integrated weed management (IWM) to manage weeds more sustainably.

Download or read book Weed Control and Tank mix Interactions in Soybean Resistant to Dicamba Glyphosate and Glufosinate written by Adam Louis Constine and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: XtendFlex® soybean is a new trait platform which confers resistance to three herbicide sites of action that include the active ingredients dicamba, glyphosate, and glufosinate. The ability to use these three herbicides in one system has generated new management questions. Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted in 2019 and 2020 to: 1) investigate weed control systems in conventional and no-tillage XtendFlex® soybean, and 2) identify any antagonistic or synergistic responses from herbicide-tank mixtures used in this system. Control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) waterhemp was optimized with PRE flumioxazin followed by (fb) POST glufosinate or dicamba alone or in combination with each other or glyphosate. Two-pass POST systems also controlled GR waterhemp as long as dicamba and/or glufosinate was used in each application. GR horseweed control was exceptional with all herbicide programs evaluated, except glyphosate alone EPOS or POST. Annual grass control was reduced with EPOS and POST glufosinate + dicamba tank-mixtures. In contrast, this combination was often additive or synergistic for both broadleaf and grass weed control in the greenhouse. Several glyphosate + glufosinate combinations were antagonistic, especially with broadleaf weeds. Dicamba + glyphosate was often antagonistic in the greenhouse but was additive or synergistic for GR waterhemp and GR horseweed control in the field. Antagonisms were often observed when all three herbicides were applied together; however, not all antagonisms resulted in poor control. This research provides growers insight into management strategies for various agronomically important weeds in XtendFlex® soybean. .

Download or read book Adjusting Management Practices when Producing Glyphosate resistant Soybean written by Michael G.. Bertram and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigations of 2 4 d resistant Waterhemp and Seed Treatment and Herbicide Interactions in Soybean written by Blake Remington Barlow and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Field research experiments were conducted in 2015 and 2016 in Missouri to determine whether interactions are present between herbicides sprayed prior to planting and seed treatments in soybean. Two varieties of soybean were chosen, one that was known to be tolerant to the herbicides sprayed and one that was known to be sensitive to these herbicides. Each of these soybean varieties were treated with a commonly used seed treatment and sprayed with three commonly used herbicides. The results of these experiments indicate that there were larger interactions present between herbicides and varieties than herbicides and seed treatments or seed treatments and varieties. Greenhouse and field research experiments were conducted in 2015 and 2016 to investigate a waterhemp population with suspected resistance to multiple herbicides including 2,4-D. Results form the field experiment suggested resistance to six of the eight herbicides screened. The only two herbicides that had effective control were dicamba and glufosinate. Greenhouse experiments confirmed the waterhemp population to be resistant to 2,4-D, atrazine, chlorimuron, fomesafen, glyphosate, and mesotrione making this population the third 2,4-D-resistant waterhemp population identified in the U.S., and the first population resistant to six different herbicidal modes of action.

Download or read book National Summit on Strategies to Manage Herbicide Resistant Weeds written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-11-22 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preserving the efficacy of herbicides and of herbicide-resistance technology depends on awareness of the increasing resistance of weeds to herbicides used in agriculture and coordinated action to address the problem by individuals at the farm level and beyond. This summit served as a venue to bring the attention of important stakeholders to the issue and as an opportunity for experts from diverse disciplines to strategize in a coordinated way to address herbicide-resistant weeds. In convening stakeholders for this event, participants took a step toward a recommendation from the 2010 National Research Council report The Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops on Farm Sustainability in the United States that federal and state government agencies, private-sector technology developers, universities, farmer organizations, and other relevant stakeholders collaborate to document emerging weed-resistance problems and to develop cost-effective resistance-management programs and practices that preserve effective weed control. The summit provided the opportunity for stakeholders to explore the scientific basis of the emergence of herbicide resistance and to consider different perspectives on both opportunities and barriers to overcoming the problem of herbicide-resistant weeds. National Summit on Strategies to Manage Herbicide-Resistant Weeds contains a brief synopsis of key points made by each speaker at the summit.

Download or read book Interactions Between Glyphosate Fusarium Infection of Waterhemp and Soil Microorganisms written by Kristin K. Rosenbaum and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, an increasing number of weed populations have been characterized with resistance to the herbicide glyphosate. In particular, waterhemp has evolved glyphosate resistance (GR) across numerous soybean fields in Missouri. Therefore research is needed to determine best management practices for GR weed biotypes. The objectives of these experiments were to determine the frequency and distribution of GR waterhemp in Missouri and identify any in-field parameters which could serve as indicators of GR in future crop production systems; determine the effects of various pre-emergence (PRE) and post-emergence (POST) herbicide programs on palmer amaranth and waterhemp control, soybean yield, and net income in conventional, glyphosate-resistant, and glufosinate-resistant soybean production systems; determine the effects of soil microbial and phytopathogen populations on GR and susceptible (GS) waterhemp survival and Fusarium infection; and determine the soil microbial abundance and diversity in soils collected from soybean fields with differences in waterhemp biotypes and herbicide and crop rotation histories. Results from these experiments indicate herbicide programs that contain PRE herbicide treatments provide the best opportunity for season-long control of waterhemp and palmer amaranth, highest grain yields, and highest net returns in the soybean systems evaluated. GR was confirmed in 69% of the total waterhemp populations sampled in Missouri. Additionally, the in-field parameters evaluated suggest that soybean fields containing GR waterhemp were more likely to be free of other weed species, occur where soybeans were continuously cropped, occur where glyphosate was the only herbicide applied for several seasons consecutively, and where waterhemp exhibited signs of surviving herbicide treatment compared to fields characterized with GS waterhemp. Results of the soil study indicate plants are more sensitive to glyphosate in soils with microbial populations compared to those without and that glyphosate may predispose plants to soilborne phytopathogens. The results also suggest continuous use of glyphosate does not significantly affect soil microbial abundance or diversity.

Download or read book A Waterhemp Saga Seed Production Genetics Hybridization and the Creation and Discovery of Quad stack Individuals written by Michael S. Bell and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waterhemp is an old weed posing new problems for corn and soybean producers in the midwestern United States. The weed is indigenous to the Midwest, but has only become a major problem within the last two decades, and it is now one of the most prevalent weeds in Illinois. One of the most troubling aspects of this species is its propensity to evolve resistance to herbicides0́4a feat which it has now accomplished for herbicides with four different modes of action, with the evolution of resistance to other herbicide modes of action expected in the future. Options for chemical control of this species0́4particularly for postemergence control in soybean0́4are rapidly declining. In fact, of the four herbicide chemistries currently available for broadleaf control in soybean, some waterhemp populations have evolved resistance to three. This thesis addresses several facets of this fascinating species, beginning with a literature review in Chapter 1 on the history of weed control, some background on how weeds evolve resistance to herbicides, the biology of waterhemp, and the evolution of herbicide resistance within waterhemp specifically. Chapter 2 addresses a study on an aspect of the reproductive biology of waterhemp0́4namely the amount of time required for female plants to produce mature seeds after pollination. It was found that some seeds may become viable in as little as 70́39 days after pollination, and that seed dormancy drops if seeds remain on the plant for at least 150́330 days after pollination. These findings could be helpful in future studies requiring the crossing of waterhemp, such as the study reported in Chapter 3, in which the inheritance and genetics of glyphosate resistance in a Missouri waterhemp population are investigated. Glyphosate resistance was determined to be a nuclear-inherited dominant or partially dominant trait, although the number of genes involved could not be determined. Investigations into gene amplification of EPSPS, which has been shown to confer glyphosate resistance in the related species, Palmer amaranth, did reveal elevated copy number in the Missouri population. However, analysis of copy number in F1 and F2 populations showed that copy number does not strictly cosegregate with resistance level, indicating that at least one other factor is necessary for resistance. Several of the F2 populations created for the study in Chapter 3 (involving the crossing of a population resistant to ALS inhibitors, PPO inhibitors and PS II inhibitors with the glyphosate-resistant Missouri population) were investigated in Chapter 4 for the presence of four types of resistance, and individual plants were identified containing all four resistance types, indicating no significant barriers to the combination of four herbicide resistance types within a single plant. Further studies showed tight linkage between ALS and PPO resistance, but no linkage among other types of resistance was detected. In Chapter 5, two waterhemp populations collected from fields in Illinois are examined for multiple herbicide resistance. One population was found to be resistant to glyphosate as well as ALS inhibitors, and the other population was found to be resistant to glyphosate, ALS inhibitors, PPO inhibitors, and PS II inhibitors. Individuals from this population were also identified as being four-way resistant, thus confirming what was observed in greenhouse experiments in the previous chapter. Chapter 6 addresses an attempt at transferring glyphosate resistance from plants of the Missouri waterhemp population into smooth pigweed through hybridization. Progeny were confirmed as hybrids by use of ITS markers, and hybrid plants were found to be resistant to glyphosate. Hybrids were backcrossed (BC) to smooth pigweed, but produced very few seed, preventing the screening of the BC progeny. The BC progeny were again backcrossed to smooth pigweed and found to segregate for seed production, although little seed was produced overall. Although incomplete, this study suggests that such transferal of glyphosate resistance in nature is unlikely. Finally, Chapter 7 discusses concluding remarks, implications and future research.

Download or read book Verslag van de feestelijke herdenking van het vijf en zeventig jarig bestaan van den Geneeskundigen Kring te Amsterdam written by and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Guide to Weed Control Field Crops Pub 75A written by OMAFRA and published by . This book was released on 2018-05-25 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published since 1947, OMAFRA's Guide to Weed Control has been the definitive resource for the summary of herbicide options to control weeds in agricultural crops. The 2018 edition has been split into two versions, as was common place during the 1950's. This is the field crops version (Pub 75A) while a horticulture crop version (Pub 75B) can also be purchased.