Download or read book Macroeconomic Adjustment in a Highly Dollarized Economy written by Mario de Zamaróczy and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Macroeconomic Adjustment in a Highly Dollarized Economy The Case of Cambodia written by Sopanha Sa and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 2002-05-01 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cambodia became dollarized suddenly in the early 1990s, as a result of massive dollar inflows stemming from a postconflict situation. Considering that the amount of dollars in circulation is unusually high, we attempt to estimate the true degree of dollarization empirically. Our results show that Cambodia has been virtually fully dollarized since 1995. Against a background of severe institutional limitations, the authorities have implemented in recent years policies akin to those of a de facto currency board arrangement, in particular with respect to fiscal discipline. The paper concludes that this policy mix has been appropriate for Cambodia's circumstances.
Download or read book Economic Policy in a Highly Dollarized Economy written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-09-30 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the challenges and issues facing policymakers in highly dollarized economies. Focusing on Cambodia, which achieved almost complete dollarization during 1991-95, the authors review recent developments in the literature on dollarization and examine the costs and benefits of dollarization in Cambodia, including the ensuing macroeconomic policy implications. They carry out an econometric estimation of cash foreign currency circulation in Cambodia in order to gauge the degree of dollarization. In addition to this analysis, the authors present a short description of Cambodia’s economic, financial, and structural background.
Download or read book Dollarization in Cambodia written by Ms.Nombulelo Duma and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, Cambodia has become Asia’s most dollarized economy. In contrast, dollarization in neighboring Lao P.D.R., Mongolia, and Vietnam has been either declining or broadly stable. Somewhat paradoxically, growing dollarization in Cambodia has occurred against the backdrop of greater macroeconomic and political stability. The usual motive, currency substitution, does not appear to have been a factor. As the volume of dollars increased over the years, so has the volume of riel. A strong inward flow of dollars related to garments sector exports, tourism receipts, foreign direct investment, and aid, has benefitted the dollar based urban economy. The riel based rural economy has, however, lagged behind. Given international experience in de-dollarization, a carefully managed market based strategy, supported by a continued stable macroeconomic environment is essential for Cambodia’s de-dollarization.
Download or read book Cambodia written by Mr.Olaf Unteroberdoerster and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-02-27 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cambodia is poised to join a new generation of Asian frontier economies transitioning from low-income to emerging-market. But the path to greater and more shared prosperity requires a solid foundation of sound macroeconomic policies, enabling new growth drivers, tackling a highly dollarized and fragmented financial system, and creating more fiscal policy space to help meet Cambodia’s vast development needs. This book first takes a closer look at the key economic challenges Cambodia faces at the current juncture, highlighting Cambodia’s structural and financial constraints to growth as well as shifting vulnerabilities as Asia rebalances. It then lays out how a strategy of fiscal and financial sector policies, from creating a fairer and more buoyant tax system to modernizing financial instruments, markets and supervision, can help mobilize the resources and tools needed for one of Asia’s youngest and fastest-growing populations to enjoy more self-sustaining and inclusive growth.
Download or read book Cambodian Dollarization written by Hidenobu Okuda and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-09-07 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first study to provide a comprehensive picture of the reality and structure of dollarization in Cambodia, which has been achieving rapid economic and financial development since the end of 1998, when full piece reigned over the kingdom. It uses the micro-level data collected through nationwide surveys conducted jointly by the National Bank of Cambodia and JICA Ogata Sadako Research Institute in 2014 and 2017. By applying econometric analysis to collected data, the book analyses in detail the structures and mechanisms of dollarization in households, companies, and financial institutions. It also provides detailed information on the historical development of Cambodian dollarization, international comparisons with various cases of dollarization in countries around the world, and the impact of NBC's digital payment platforms (particularly Bakong) on the use of local and foeign currencies. The Cambodian case shows that financial development of low- and middle-income countries is promoted mutually by dollarization and that policies to separate the two are necessary to curb dollarization. This book will be of interest to students, researchers and policy-makers concerned with dollarization and economics in Southeast Asia.
Download or read book Cambodian Economy written by Hang Chuon Naron and published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. This book was released on 2011 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This monumental study, by arguably the most respected economic policymaker in the Cambodian government over the past decade, is a very welcome addition to the sparse literature on the Cambodian economy. It is destined to become the standard reference on economic development in post-conflict Cambodia. The volume's 25 chapters are grouped into nine sections: geography and population, the macroeconomic framework, the challenge of modernising agriculture, the challenge of industrialisation, services and infrastructure, human resource development, international economic relations and a conclusion. The content is encyclopaedic, with an immense amount of detail on practically every conceivable aspect of the country's development. Dr Naron is to be congratulated for fitting this admirable project into his extremely demanding 'daytime' job as the secretary of state in the Ministry of Economy and Finance, along with many other responsibilities. Among the many reasons to welcome its publication is its authentic Cambodian voice and perspective in a literature dominated by foreign researchers. A generation of scholars on the Cambodian economy and all those with an interest in the country are in his debt" (Asian-Pacific Economic Literature).
Download or read book Cambodia written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2002-08-01 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assesses Cambodia’s Fifth Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) and a Request for Waiver of a Performance Criterion. Cambodia’s medium-term reform program supported by the PRGF is aimed at sustaining economic growth with low inflation, reducing poverty, and accelerating development. Performance during the first two years of the PRGF-supported program has generally been positive. Macroeconomic stability has been maintained with economic growth averaging 7 percent and low inflation. The macroeconomic program for 2002 concentrates on a continued reorientation of fiscal policy.
Download or read book Dollarization and De dollarization in Transitional Economies of Southeast Asia written by Koji Kubo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds light on the dollarization trends of four transitional economies in Southeast Asia: Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Vietnam. Moving beyond the tendency to focus on the Latin American experience of dollarization and prolonged high inflation, the chapters in this book compare how payment dollarization has been more persistent than other types of dollarization in this region due to network externalities. The book illustrates that dollarization started in the underdeveloped financial system in these countries and that dollarization interacted with financial development, which is in contrast to dollarization in Latin America. This project extends the frontiers of empirical studies on dollarization. It will be of interest to students, researchers and policy makers concerned with dollarization and economics in Southeast Asia.
Download or read book Economic Management in a Hyperinflationary Environment written by George Kararach and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-02-11 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an accessible and up-to-date account of the difficulties that the Zimbabwean economy and its population experienced during the crisis which peaked in 2008. It details the suffering and chaos that befell the country with dramatic socio-economic consequences on growth, macroeconomic stability, service delivery, livelihoods, and development. The volume seeks to provide a political economy analysis of leadership and economic management in developing economies based on Zimbabwe's experience. It examines the triggers of the crisis, and the negative impact on productive sectors such as manufacturing and agriculture, social sectors such as education and health, and on financial services. The volume will be of interest to students of policy and economic management, as well as to government departments, central banks in developing countries, development agencies, donors, and NGOs.
Download or read book The Future of Money written by Benjamin J. Cohen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is globalization leading us toward a world of fewer and fewer currencies and, consequently, simplified monetary management? Many specialists believe this is the case, as the territorial monopolies national governments have long claimed over money appears to be eroding. In The Future of Money, Benjamin Cohen argues that this view--which he calls the "Contraction Contention"--is wrong. Rigorously argued, written with extraordinary clarity, and thoroughly up-to-date, this book demonstrates that the global population of currencies is set to expand greatly, not contract, making monetary governance more difficult, not less. At the book's core is an innovative theoretical model for understanding the strategic preferences of states in monetary management. Should governments defend their traditional monetary sovereignty, or should they seek some kind of regional consolidation of currencies? The model offers two broad advances. First, whereas most scholarly work evaluates strategic options individually or in comparison to just one other alternative, this model emphasizes the three-dimensional nature of the decisions involved. Second, the model emphasizes degrees of currency regionalization as a central determinant of state preferences. Cohen also systematically explores the role of the private sector as an alternative source of money. The book concludes with two key policy proposals. First, fiscal policy should be resurrected as a tool of macroeconomic management, to offset the present-day erosion in the effectiveness of monetary policy. Second, the International Monetary Fund should more actively help coordinate the decentralized strategic decision-making of governments. The future of money will be perilous. But, by mapping out the alternative policies countries can follow, The Future of Money shows it need not be chaotic.
Download or read book The Macroeconomics of Poverty Reduction in Cambodia written by Melanie Beresford and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dollarization in Lebanon written by Mr.Johannes Mueller and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-10-01 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IMF Working Papers series is designed to make IMF staff research available to a wide audience. Almost 300 Working Papers are released each year, covering a wide range of theoretical and analytical topics, including balance of payments, monetary and fiscal issues, global liquidity, and national and international economic developments.
Download or read book Dealing with Multiple Currencies in Transitional Economies written by Giovanni Capannelli and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the transitional economies of Cambodia, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, and Viet Nam (the CLV countries), foreign currencies such as the US dollar commonly circulate in addtion to the local currency. National authorities must consider the costs and benefits of such a system, especially in relation to monetary and exchange policies' effect on their development priorities. "This pioneering study is an important contribution to understanding the underpinnings of the Mekong economies' dynamism...Highly recommended." -- Hal Hill, H.W. Arndt Professor of Southeast Asian Economies, Austratlian National University While dealing with multiple currencies is ultimately an issue of national economic policy, the CLV countries could benefit from greater regional cooperation on monetary and financial issues. They would be able to exploit economies of scale, introduce best practices, and facilitate the adoption of common regulatory standards. Greater regional dialogue on monetary policy could also help the CLV countries find a solution to the so-called multiple-currency phenomenon and reap more benefits from their increasing regional economic interdependence. This study, conducted by a team of economists from the Asian Development Bank, academics, and personnel from CLV finance ministries and central banks, explores the issues of multiple currencies and regional monetary cooperation among the economies of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in the context of increasing regional economic interdependence. It reviews the main issues related to the monetary and exchange rate policy decisions taken by CLV national authorities, and discusses the options and opportunities available for enhancing monetary and financial stability in the ASEAN region.
Download or read book The Political Economy of Asian Transition from Communism written by Sujian Guo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-28 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comparative study of the political economy of the transition from communism in East and Southeast Asian countries (China, North Korea, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia), addressing the key theoretical questions generated from the debate between shock-therapists and gradualists. While accurately defining the pre-reform model, this book explores the causal variables that have contributed to reform efforts within Asia, examining the significance of the sequencing of political and economic transition and the interplay between politics and the economy in determining variations in transition outcomes. Comparing the 'real world' experiences of transition nations in communist Asia with Eastern Europe, prominent questions are brought to the fore; will market capitalism or market socialism prevail after the grand failure of communism? This book makes an important contribution to the political economy theory of comparative communist and post-communist studies and provides detailed analytical insights that will prove influential in future theoretical work.
Download or read book Cambodia for Sale written by Will Brehm and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-29 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Comparative and International Education Society’s Globalization and Education SIG Book Award Cambodia for Sale: Everyday Privatization in Education and Beyond details a post-conflict society that socializes children into a world of private rather than public goods. Despite the government's best efforts since the 1990s to re-constitute a functioning system of public services, life remains organized around buying and selling virtually everything, from humanitarian aid to schooling and from religious good deeds to irrigation. Through an ethnography of one village, Cambodia for Sale argues that efforts to rebuild Cambodia after decades of conflict have resulted in various forms of everyday privatization. Although this is most notable in the education system, these practices of privatization can be found in multiple institutions that constitute social life, from the Buddhist pagoda to local government. The various efforts of international development are as much at fault for this reality as are the legacies of the genocidal Khmer Rouge regime. This argument unfolds through the life stories of six residents of the Preah Go village, who collectively depict everyday life through overlapping village institutions, systems, and histories. This is an insightful and valuable reference for scholars interested in educational development, Southeast Asian studies, and comparative education.
Download or read book Global Waves of Debt written by M. Ayhan Kose and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.
