Download or read book Merida Initiative and Effectiveness written by Naval Postgraduate School and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-08-20 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The drug war in Latin America has received an increasing amount of funds and resources since it began nearly four decades ago. Recent efforts by the United States and Mexico to combat illegal narcotics traffickers have gained increased attention in the wake of September 2001 terrorist attacks. Similar efforts by the United States have been tried in the past, particularly in Colombia, with varied levels of success. This increased level of attention runs in counterpoint to the continued vitality of the drug trade, as markets expand and consumption remains steady. Violence resulting from drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) in Mexico has produced an even greater sense of urgency for both nations to respond to this threat. The latest plan to combat DTOs and the drug trade, the Mérida Initiative, has gained high visibility and shows promise at providing an adequate solution.This book will discuss the effectiveness of the Mérida Initiative and its ability to impact the trafficking of illegal narcotics in the United States and Latin America. Likewise, we will use the Mérida Initiative as an example of modern supply-side practices, to evaluate the overall effect of such actions affecting price and consumption of illegal narcotics.

Download or read book Crisis in Mexico written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "President George W. Bush signed the Mé́́rida Initiative, referred to as "Plan Mexico" by critics, into law on June 30, 2008. The plan contains approximately $1.5 billion in aid to Mexico, Central America, and Caribbean countries to improve regional security by reducing organized crime, drug smuggling, and illegal arms trafficking while strengthening domestic institutions. Critics argue that the plan does not adequately address the demand side of the drug model, will add to the militarization of Mexico, empower corrupt institutions, and reduce the rule of law while failing to address the violence of organized crime."--Abstract.

Download or read book U s mexican Security Cooperation written by Clare Seelke and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ten years after the Mexican government launched an aggressive, military-led campaign against drug trafficking and organized crime, violent crime continues to threaten citizen security and governance in parts of Mexico, including in cities along the U.S. Southwest border. Organized crime-related violence in Mexico declined from 2011 to 2014 but rose in 2015 and again in 2016. Analysts estimate that the violence may have claimed more than 100,000 lives since December 2006. Social protests in Mexico against education reform and gas price increases have also resulted in deadly violence. High-profile cases, including the enforced disappearance and murder of 43 students in Mexico, have drawn attention to the problem of human rights abuses involving security forces. Cases of corruption by former governors, some of whom have fled Mexico, also have increased concerns about impunity. Supporting Mexico's efforts to reform its criminal justice system is widely regarded as crucial for combating criminality and better protecting citizen security in the country. U.S. support for those efforts has increased significantly as a result of the development and implementation of the M�rida Initiative, a bilateral partnership launched in 2007 for which Congress appropriated more than $2.6 billion from FY2008 to FY2016. U.S. assistance to Mexico focuses on: (1) disrupting organized criminal groups, (2) institutionalizing the rule of law, (3) creating a 21st-century border, and (4) building strong and resilient communities. Newer areas of focus have involved bolstering security along Mexico's southern border and addressing the production and trafficking of heroin. As of November 2016, $1.6 billion of M�rida assistance had been delivered to Mexico. Inaugurated to a six-year term in December 2012, Mexican President Enrique Pe�a Nieto has continued U.S.-Mexican security cooperation. U.S. intelligence has helped Mexico arrest top crime leaders, including Joaquin "Chapo" Guzman in February 2014. Guzm�n's July 2015 prison escape was a major setback for bilateral efforts, but he was recaptured in 2016 and is scheduled to be extradited. The Pe�a Nieto government met a 2008 constitutional mandate to transition to an accusatorial justice system by June 2016 but has struggled to comply with international recommendations on preventing torture, enforced disappearances, and other human rights abuses. Mexico's adoption of a national anticorruption system and its transition from a presidentially appointed attorney general's office to a more independent prosecutor general's office selected by the Mexican Senate have become the focus of efforts to combat corruption. The U.S. Congress has continued to fund and oversee security assistance to Mexico. Congress provided $139 million in FY2016 for the M�rida Initiative in P.L. 114-113, some $20 million above the budget request. President Obama's FY2017 budget request included $129 million for the M�rida Initiative. The House Appropriations Committee version of the FY2017 foreign operations measure, H.R. 5912, would have provided $149 million for the M�rida Initiative. The Senate Appropriations Committee version, S. 3117, would have fully funded the Administration's request for Mexico. The 114th Congress did not complete action on FY2017 appropriations, but in December 2016 it approved a continuing resolution (P.L. 114-254) providing foreign aid funding to Mexico through April 28, 2017, at the FY2016 level, minus an across-the-board reduction of almost 0.2%. As a result, the 115th Congress is to consider both FY2017 and FY2018 appropriations for Mexico and the M�rida Initiative.

Download or read book Crisis in Mexico written by Todd Turner and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "President George W. Bush signed the Mé́́rida Initiative, referred to as "Plan Mexico" by critics, into law on June 30, 2008. The plan contains approximately $1.5 billion in aid to Mexico, Central America, and Caribbean countries to improve regional security by reducing organized crime, drug smuggling, and illegal arms trafficking while strengthening domestic institutions. Critics argue that the plan does not adequately address the demand side of the drug model, will add to the militarization of Mexico, empower corrupt institutions, and reduce the rule of law while failing to address the violence of organized crime."--Abstract.

Download or read book Mrida Initiative written by U.s. Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-08-10 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime and violence related to drugtrafficking in Mexico and CentralAmerica have increased in recentyears and pose a threat not only tothose areas but to the United Statesas well, particularly along theSouthwest border. The M'ridaInitiative, announced in 2007, provides about $1.6 billion in lawenforcement support to Mexicoand Central American countries.The Department of State (State)manages the Initiative while otherU.S. agencies play key roles inimplementation. This reportexamines (1) the status of M'ridaprogram implementation; (2)State's strategy for implementation;and (3) coordination mechanismsin place for M'rida. To addressthese objectives, GAO reviewedagency documents; interviewedofficials at State, the U.S. Agencyfor International Development(USAID), the Department ofDefense, and other relevantagencies; and conducted fieldworkin Mexico and Central America.

Download or read book Future of US Mexico Relations written by Tony Payan and published by Arte Publico Press. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editors of this collection of sixteen articles argue the relationship between the United States and Mexico is at its most tenuous in recent memory. Each article explores the future of US-Mexico relations, focusing on relevant topics such as trade, water, drugs, health, immigration, environmental issues and security. Employing a strategic foresight methodology, the authors use past trends and identify pivotal drivers to predict, based on indicators, at least three possible outcomes for the next few decades: a baseline or continuity scenario, an optimistic version and a pessimistic one. They also articulate the implications each forecast has for both nations. Most chapters are co-written by a scholar from the United States and another from Mexico. While acknowledging it is impossible to predict the future, they nonetheless describe what could occur. Ultimately, the authors of the articles in this fascinating volume make recommendations to achieve a peaceful, integrated and prosperous North America that will drive the world economy. The book is required reading for anyone interested in the binational relationship and the well-being of citizens in both countries.

Download or read book State Responses to Human Security written by Courtney Hillebrecht and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-07 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to analyse why and how states respond to human security, both at home and abroad. Although states still define security as "the defense of territory" from military attack, increasingly security pertains to the protection of human beings from violence. This violence can emerge from rebels, drug traffickers, terrorism, and even environmental and demographic changes. While previous literature in this field has provided rich empirical detail about human security crises, it is generally quiet about how states respond to these crises. State Responses to Human Security fills this lacuna by bringing in concepts from international security studies and focusing on states’ perceptions of power and the changing nature of human security. Instead of debating whether or not human security exists, the authors in this volume agree that human security has been redefined to include policies associated with violence toward individuals and groups, and draw on recent events in the Middle East, China and Mexico to understand how and when human security issues prompt state responses and affect international relations. The case studies analysed in this book suggest that states respond to human security threats differently, but in both the domestic context and abroad, power and perceptions matter greatly in shaping states’ reactions to human security concerns. This book will be of much interest to students of human security, foreign policy, international relations and security studies in general.

Download or read book Spatial Development Initiatives written by Geoff R. M. De Beer and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Combating Border Violence written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security. Subcommittee on Border, Maritime, and Global Counterterrorism and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Understanding Mass Incarceration written by James William Kilgore and published by The New Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "'Understanding Mass Incarceration' offers the first comprehensive overview of the incarceration apparatus put in place by the world's largest jailer: the United States"--

Download or read book Japan s System of Official Development Assistance written by Micheline Beaudry and published by IDRC. This book was released on 1999 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japans System of Official Development Assistance

Download or read book The Islamists written by M. Nafi and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2017-08-09 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Todays Islamists are not a reproduction of an ancient legacy, but are modern political actors defined by modern discourses, argues Basheer Nafiin The Islamists. He examines the emergence and development of political Islam in the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century, discussing the historical context within which political Islam arose, and relating it to the social movements and political parties that lead the phenomenon today. On questions concerning the state, economics and law, the differences among Islamists are no less than their agreements. Nafit eases out some of these agreements and differences relating to governance, citizenship, pluralism, unity, revivalism, and truth. This very accessible work, intended for both an academic and general audience, highlights these matters by examining the groups and individuals that constitute the broad category of political Islam, considering how they have developed over time, and how they have impacted on the countries in which they operate.

Download or read book Mexico Today 2 volumes written by Ana Paula Ambrosi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2012-03-09 with total page 779 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing over 200 entries on politics, government, economics, society, culture, and much more, this two-volume work brings modern Mexico to life. Viva Mexico! Border sharer. Major trade partner. Exporter of culture and citizens. Tourist destination. Mexico has always been of the utmost significance to the United States, with the shared 2,000-mile border, historical ties in mutual territory, and history of Mexican labor coming north and American tourists heading south. Fresh, current information on Mexico, the North American hotspot and gateway to Latin America, is always in demand by students and general readers and travelers. This is the best ready-reference on the crucial topics that define Mexico today. More than 200 essay entries provide quick, authoritative insight into the Mexican politics and government, society, institutions, events, culture, economy, people, issues, environment, and states and places. Written mostly by Mexicans and Mexican Americans, this set gives an accurate and wide view of the United States's dynamic southern neighbor. Each entry has further reading suggestions; a chronology, selected bibliography, and photographs complement the text.

Download or read book Decline of the U S Hegemony written by Bruce M. Bagley and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes ALBA’s structure and dynamics, its practicality, its medium and long-term sustainability, and its capacity to influence regional and international affairs. The work examines ALBA’s possible economic and security consequences for neighboring non-member states in the region, particularly the United States, as well as other key actors such as China, Russia, and Iran. The volume analyzes the origins, ideological orientation, structure, internal dynamics, and evolution of the ALBA initiative and its regional and international implications during its first decade of existence. It is the first comprehensive work on the subject with a multi-disciplinary perspective and it provides an analysis of the new regional, Bolivarian Alliance initiative in Latin America and its relation to the international system. The volume includes studies on the Bolivarian Alliance and Chavismo under Hugo Chávez Frías’ leadership. As a whole, this volume weaves together such crucial issues as oil politics, drug-trafficking, hemispheric security, and trade.

Download or read book Pakistan and Malaysia written by M. Nazrul Islam and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Use of the Interstate Highway System Right of way for Magnetic Levitation High Speed Transportation Systems written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Water Resources, Transportation, and Infrastructure and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Future of India s Rural Markets written by Kunal Sinha and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2023-04-26 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A billion aspirational people, connected by technology, confident of their cultural and consumption power. If there is any group that has the potential to radically redefine a nation, it is rural Indians. This book maps their transformation, and shows how to realize their social and economic promise.