Download or read book Lymphocyte Hybridomas written by F. Melchers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NIH)
Download or read book Monoclonal Antibody Production written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-06 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Anti-Vivisection Society (AAVS) petitioned the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on April 23, 1997, to prohibit the use of animals in the production of mAb. On September 18, 1997, NIH declined to prohibit the use of mice in mAb production, stating that "the ascites method of mAb production is scientifically appropriate for some research projects and cannot be replaced." On March 26, 1998, AAVS submitted a second petition, stating that "NIH failed to provide valid scientific reasons for not supporting a proposed ban." The office of the NIH director asked the National Research Council to conduct a study of methods of producing mAb. In response to that request, the Research Council appointed the Committee on Methods of Producing Monoclonal Antibodies, to act on behalf of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research of the Commission on Life Sciences, to conduct the study. The 11 expert members of the committee had extensive experience in biomedical research, laboratory animal medicine, animal welfare, pain research, and patient advocacy (Appendix B). The committee was asked to determine whether there was a scientific necessity for the mouse ascites method; if so, whether the method caused pain or distress; and, if so, what could be done to minimize the pain or distress. The committee was also asked to comment on available in vitro methods; to suggest what acceptable scientific rationale, if any, there was for using the mouse ascites method; and to identify regulatory requirements for the continued use of the mouse ascites method. The committee held an open data-gathering meeting during which its members summarized data bearing on those questions. A 1-day workshop (Appendix A) was attended by 34 participants, 14 of whom made formal presentations. A second meeting was held to finalize the report. The present report was written on the basis of information in the literature and information presented at the meeting and the workshop.
Download or read book T Cell Hybridomas written by H.v. Boehmer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than ten years cell fusion techniques have been applied in studies on various lymphocyte functions. Ig expression was first studied in hybrids obtained by fusing myeloma cells with fibroblasts (1) or lymphomas (2), both of which do not produce Ig, and with Ig producing myelomas (3) or human blood lymphocytes (4). Kohler and Milstein (5) fused a myeloma with spleen cells from immunized mice. Up to 10% of the hybrids obtained secreted antibodies specific for the immunizing antigen. This suggested that plasma cells preferenti ally fused with the myeloma cells, a finding which was of enormous practical value. It was found that both Band T lymphocytes could be fused with the T cell tumor BW5147, which is however not permissive for Ig synthesis (6). A very large number of T cell hybridomas were generated by fusing BW5147 with cell populations containing in vivo or in vitro activated cells (7). The hybrids showed no specific T cell functions and binding assays for T cell receptors were not available. In particular, no hybrids were obtained which expreS1ed specific cytolytic activity that could be tested in short-term Cr release assays (8). However, the frustrations expressed about these failures, published in January, 1978 (9), were relieved by Taniguchi and Miller's publication a few months later of T cell hybridomas producing antigen-specific suppressor factors (10). Unfortunately, their hybrids rapidly lost factor production.
Download or read book Monoclonal Antibodies written by Roger H. Kennett and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On August 7, 1975, Kohler and Milstein published in Nature (256:495) a report describing "Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. " Their report has become a classic and has already had a profound effect on basic and applied research in biology and medicine. By the time the first Workshop on Lymphocyte Hybridomas (Current Topics in Microbiology and Im munology 81, 1978) was held on April 3-5, 1978, in Bethesda, Maryland, investi gators from many laboratories had made hybrids between plasmacytomas and spleen cells from immunized animals and had obtained monoclonal antibodies reacting with a broad variety of antigenic determinants. At the time Kohler and Milstein introduced this new technology, the editors of this volume were involved in the production of antisera against differentiation antigens (K. B. B. ), histocompatibility antigens (T. ]. McK. ), and human tumor associated antigens (R. H. K. ). Because of the potential usefulness of monoclonal antibodies in these areas, we each began production of hybridomas and analysis of the resulting monoclonal reagents. One of the most interesting aspects of participation in the early stages of the development and application of hybrid oma technology has been observing how the implications of the initial observa tions gradually spread first among the practitioners of immunology and immu nogenetics, and then to other areas of the biological sciences, such as developmental biology, biochemistry, human genetics, and cell and tumor biology.
Download or read book Human Hybridomas and Monoclonal Antibodies written by Edgar Engleman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soon after Kohler and Milstein described the use of somatic cell hybridization for the production of murine monoclonal antibodies of desired specificity, this relatively simple technique became widely applied. Indeed, production of murine monoclonal antibodies is now considered routine by immunologists and nonimmunologists alike. However, as heterologous proteins, mouse monoclonal antibodies have one major limitation: they are immunogenic in man and, hence, their use in vivo is severely limited. An obvious solution to this problem is to produce human hybridomas with the same techniques used for the production of rodent hybrids. Unfortunately, the history of human hybridomas has been marked by substantive and often exasperating tech nical problems, and the first reports of hybrids secreting human immu noglobulin of desired specificity did not appear until 1980. These reports were met with initial enthusiasm, but it soon became apparent that while human lymphocytes might be fused, their frequency, level of Ig synthesis, and stability were such that production of human antibodies with this method was neither routine nor practical. Nonetheless, a sufficient number of investiga tors persevered, and during the next 5 years relatively efficient B-cell fusion partners as well as improved methods of Epstein-Barr virus transformation were developed. Generation of human T -T hybrids has also been achieved, although problems of chromosomal stability remain a substantial obstacle, more so than with B-cell lines.
Download or read book Methods of Hybridoma Formation written by Arie H. Bartal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laymen often consider modern laboratory research to be based on an endless array of sophisticated technologies whose complex capabilities are as important to the outcome of any project as the inventiveness and creativity of the scientists who employ them. Scientists at times may share this point of view until they are con fronted by unexpected findings that demand new approaches, and they discover that yesterday's "sophisticated tools" are today's "blunt instruments." This experience provides a more sobering view of the current state of our scientific methods. It also serves as an impetus for the further development of technology that prepares us for the next stage of advance. Immunologists were confronted by such a technological crises in the late 1970s when they finally were forced to admit that poly clonal antibodies, although quite sensitive reagents, were not spe cific enough to answer many of the questions then confronting virologists and tumor biologists. The answer to the need for specific ity came with the development of monoclonal antibody technology. In the last ten years there have been considerable advances in monoclonal antibody techniques. Today these reagents are much more versatile than they were initially and can be applied to a broad range of problems. Still, most workers who are using these anti bodies are convinced that their potential is far from exhausted, and that at least in some fields we are currently in the early stages of learning how to use them properly.
Download or read book Lymphocyte Hybridomas and Their Products written by S. A. Goodman and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hybridomas and Cellular Immortality written by Baldwin H. Tom and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to "immortalize" immunologically-useful cells by hybridization with a unique cancer cell has revolutionized serological studies and has revealed new potential applications in all fields of biological sciences. This volume presents the studies from a highly successful national symposium on Hybridomas and Cellular Immortality held November 1981 in Houston, Texas. The individual chapters exhibit the diversity of topics discussed during the meeting. These include emphasis on the origin of antibody diversity, Band T lymphocyte differentiation, applications of monoclonal antibodies in studies of histocompatibility, tumor, and viral antigens, plus the use of somatic cell hybridizations for studying T cell products. Three papers focus on the emerging methodologies of in vitro primary immunizations for both humoral and cell-mediated immunities, relevant for coupling with hybridoma technology. There is a useful mix of general (methods) and specific (applications) chapters. A unique aspect of the book is the presentation of both recent research findings with concise descriptions of the state of the art methodologies. It is anticipated that this work will be of interest to a wide audience of practioners in biomedical research. Hopefully, the information contained will foster new and imagi native ideas in hybridoma applications. Baldwin H. Tom, Ph.D. James P. Allison, Ph.D. vii CONTENTS PART L INTRODUCTION TO HYBRIDOMAS 1 Somatic Cell Hybrids and Hybridomas Baldwin H. Tom 3 1. Somatic Cell Hybrids 8 Hybridomas. • • • • • 2.
Download or read book Lymphocyte Hybridomas written by Fritz Melchers and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology written by Fritz Melchers and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book T Cell Hybridomas written by Michael J. Taussig and published by Springer. This book was released on 1985 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monoclonal Antibodies T Cell Products written by David H Katz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1982, this book offers a full, comprehensive guide into the applications of Monoclonal Antibodies. Carefully compiled and filled with a vast repertoire of notes, diagrams, and references this book serves as a useful reference for Students of Medicine, and other practitioners in their respective fields.
Download or read book Lymphocyte Hybridomas written by Fritz Melchers and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monoclonal Antibodies in Biotechnology written by Kenneth C. McCullough and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-04-19 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monoclonal antibodies are one of the most exciting developments in biotechnology in recent years; this book provides a comprehensive description of principles, methodologies and applications of this powerful technology to modern science and industry.
Download or read book Monoclonal Antibodies written by Johann H. Peters and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present new version of this popular laboratory manual is at the same time the first one of this text in the English language - and this makes me even a little proud, as it reminds me of probably the first collection of monoclonal recipes in English, written by myself, which circulated for a couple of years in many laboratories. In the meantime many researchers have put enormous effort into improving methods for monoclonal antibody production. The proce dures have become more and more standardized and by this have more and more lost the character of magic secrets. Hinrich Peters and Horst Baumgarten, who had followed this good tradition already in the previous edition, written in German, suc ceeded in making laboratory tricks teachable. They had contributed their own experiences in cell culture and immunology, and were able to engage a number of experienced authors to contribute to the work. They were all willing to follow the general concept of this book, which contains a brief theoretical background for the methods described and presents the procedures in a highly organized structure. So the book has retained its shape as a "cook-book", which I especially like.
Download or read book Monoclonal Antibody Technology The Production and Characterization of Rodent and Human Hybridomas written by A.M. Campbell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-04-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains detailed, comprehensive advice on rat, mouse and human hybridoma production. It begins with a general introduction, then describes the practical applications of the technology with photographs and protocols for everything from animal dissection to epitope analysis of antigens.
Download or read book Monoclonal Antibodies in Biotechnology written by Kenneth C. McCullough and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a complete description of the principles, methodologies and applications of monoclonal antibodies, one of the most exciting developments to occur in biotechnology in recent years, and a powerful technology for modern industry and science. The immune system and the role of the antibody are described and full details are given on how the hybridomas are formed, isolated, and maintained in culture such that the required antibody can be produced to a high degree of purity. The authors describe all the methodologies involved, all the reagents and solutions and all the assay conditions required for their production. The material is presented to enable research and development managers to make choices as to which are the most suitable techniques for their requirements. The book is comprehensively referenced, and will be a necessary resource for all those who are involved with this technology.
