Download or read book Birth of the Intellectuals written by Christophe Charle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-08-06 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Who exactly are the ‘intellectuals’? This term is so widely used today that we forget that it is a recent invention, dating from the late nineteenth century. In Birth of the Intellectuals, the renowned historian and sociologist Christophe Charle shows that the term ‘intellectuals’ first appeared at the time of the Dreyfus Affair, and the neologism originally signified a cultural and political vanguard who dared to challenge the status quo. Yet the word, expected to disappear once the political crisis had dissolved, has somehow endured. At times it describes a social group, and at others a way of seeing the social world from the perspective of universal values that challenges established hierarchies. But why did intellectuals survive when the events that gave rise to this term had faded into the past? To answer this question, it is necessary to show how the crisis of the old representations, the unprecedented expansion of the intellectual professions and the vacuum left by the decline of the traditional ruling class created favourable conditions for the collective affirmation of ‘intellectuals’. This also explains why the literary or academic avant garde traditionally reluctant to engage gradually reconciled themselves with political activists and developed new ways to intervene in the field of power outside of traditional political channels. Through a careful rereading of the petitions surrounding the Dreyfus Affair, Charle offers a radical reinterpretation of this crucial moment of European history and develops a new model for understanding the ways in which public intellectuals in France, Germany, Britain, and the United States have addressed politics ever since.
Download or read book Lucien Herr written by Anne-Cécile [VNV] Grandmougin and published by Litwin Books. This book was released on 2019-09 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lucien Herr was the director of the library of the Ecole Normale Supérieure, the leading academic institution of France, from 1888 to 1926. In addition to being a library innovator of the time, he was an influential socialist who he influenced the thinking of France's emerging socialist leaders, Jean Jaurès and Léon Blum.
Download or read book Prophets and Patrons the French University and the Emergence of the Social Sciences written by Terry Nichols Clark and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1973 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prophets and Patrons is the first detailed account of the emergence of sociology and related social sciences in France. It emphasizes three social and intellectual groupings in the period from 1880 to 1914: the social statisticians who grew out of governmental ministries, the Durkheimians who were consistently housed in the university, and the "international sociologists" around René Worms, in neither ministries nor the university. Unlike most histories of ideas, Prophets and Patrons portrays the institutional developments that encouraged, discouraged, and rechanneled different styles of research. To understand these developments, a sociological analysis of the French university system is presented. At its center are the patrons (generally Sorbonne professors) who served as informal linkages for the entire system. Around them developed clusters of researchers and teachers throughout France. The workings of this system of relations, analyzed here for the first time, are crucial to understanding the French university. The university is also immersed in the political and ideological currents of the Latin Quarter. Thus Clark's investigation of conflicting elements of French culture and social structure helps illuminate his analysis of the university. This study will be invaluable to social scientists, intellectual historians, and students of French culture and comparative education.
Download or read book Dreyfus written by Ruth Harris and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive history of the infamous scandal that shook a nation and stunned the world In 1894, Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish officer in the French army, was wrongfully convicted of being a spy for Germany and imprisoned on Devil's Island. Over the following years, attempts to correct this injustice tore France apart, inflicting wounds on the society which have never fully healed. But how did a fairly obscure miscarriage of justice come to break up families in bitterness, set off anti-Semitic riots across the French empire, and nearly trigger a coup d'état? How did a violently reactionary, obscurantist attitude become so powerful in a country that saw itself as the home of enlightenment? Why did the battle over a junior army officer occupy the foremost writers and philosophers of the age, from Émile Zola to Marcel Proust, Émile Durkheim, and many others? What drove the anti-Dreyfusards to persist in their efforts even after it became clear that much of the prosecution's evidence was faked? Drawing upon thousands of previously unread and unconsidered sources, prizewinning historian Ruth Harris goes beyond the conventional narrative of truth loving democrats uniting against proto-fascists. Instead, she offers the first in-depth history of both sides in the Affair, showing how complex interlocking influences—tensions within the military, the clashing demands of justice and nationalism, and a tangled web of friendships and family connections—shaped both the coalition working to free Dreyfus and the formidable alliances seeking to protect the reputation of the army that had convicted him. Sweeping and engaging, Dreyfus offers a new understanding of one of the most contested and significant moments in modern history.
Download or read book Emile Durkheim written by Steven Lukes and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study of Durkheim seeks to help the reader to achieve a historical understanding of his ideas and to form critical judgments about their value. To some extent these tow aims are contradictory. On the one hand, one seeks to understand: what did Durkheim really mean, how did he see the world, how did his ideas related to one another and how did they develop, how did they related to their biographical and historical context, how were they received, what influence did they have and to what criticism were they subjected, what was it like not to make certain distinctions, not to see certain errors, of fact or of logic, not to know what has subsequently become known? On the other hand, one seeks to assess: how valuable and how valid are the ideas, to what fruitful insights and explanations do they lead, how do they stand up to analysis and to the evidence, what is their present value? Yet it seems that it is only by inducing oneself not to see and only by seeing them that one can make a critical assessment. The only solution is to pursue both aims--seeing and not seeing--simultaneously. More particularly, this book has the primary object of achieving that sympathetic understanding without which no adequate critical assessment is possible. It is a study in intellectual history which is also intended as a contribution to sociological theory.
Download or read book Consciousness and Society written by H. Stuart Hughes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hughes' ideas, and the way they are expressed in Consciousness and Society, have become paradigms of twentieth-century scholarship. In dealing with the changing social thought after 1890 in Europe, Hughes covers a wide array of thinkers and issues in a scholarly, yet graceful manner. His is a study of the "cluster of genius" of Europe at that time: Croce, Durkheim, Freud, Weber, and Nietzsche, as well as other great European minds. The book explores questions that are still relevant in today's society: Is the separation of facts and values tenable, or even desirable? Can rationality accommodate the ideas of a Bergson or a Freud? Is there, or should there be, a relationship between science and religion? And does history have any ultimate meaning for later generations?
Download or read book The Dreyfus Affair in French Society and Politics written by Eric Cahm and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-15 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dreyfus affair remains one of the most famous miscarriages of justice in modern times. Eric Cahm's study does justice to the human drama, whilst also throwing light on the wider society and politics of the Third Republic in the traumatic years after the Franco-Prussian War. This wide-ranging survey - the only short modern account in English anchors the Affair in its full social and political context. Organised round a narrative of events, it offers portraits of all the main characters, substantial extracts from key sources in fresh translations, a comprehensive bibliography and a detailed chronology.
Download or read book The Life of Jean Jaures written by Harvey Goldberg and published by Univ of Wisconsin Press. This book was released on 2002-10-16 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A biography of the French Socialist leader.
Download or read book Catholic and French Forever written by Joseph F. Byrnes and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joseph Byrnes recounts the fights and reconciliations between French citizens who found Catholicism integral to their traditional French identity and those who found the continued presence of Catholicism an obstacle to both happiness and progress.
Download or read book The Great War and the Origins of Humanitarianism 1918 1924 written by Bruno Cabanes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-13 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pioneering study of the transition from war to peace and the birth of humanitarian rights after the Great War.
Download or read book All in the Day s Work An Autobiography written by Ida M. Tarbell and published by DigiCat. This book was released on 2022-07-21 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an autobiography of Ida Minerva Tarbell, an American writer, investigative journalist, biographer, and lecturer. She was one of the leading muckrakers of the Progressive Era of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and pioneered investigative journalism. Tarbell is best known for her 1904 book The History of the Standard Oil Company, which contributed to the dissolution of the Standard Oil monopoly and helped usher in the Hepburn Act of 1906, the Mann-Elkins Act, the creation of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Clayton Antitrust Act.
Download or read book The Ecole Normale Sup rieure and the Third Republic written by Robert J. Smith and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1981-06-30 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ecole Normale Supérieure was founded during the Revolutionary era to dominate the educational structure of France. During the Third Republic, the French academic elite trained at the Ecole Normale Supérieure greatly expanded its national role and enhanced its prestige and influence. In this book, the first full treatment of the social and political history of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in recent times, Robert J. Smith has examined the changing world of the normaliens under the Third Republic and their new, but temporary, cultural and political importance. His comparative study of the social origins, education, political ideas, and careers of the normaliens and students of other grandes écoles documents the segmented character of French elites and indicates the evolution of French society during this period.
Download or read book Marcel Mauss written by Marcel Fournier and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-28 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first intellectual biography of Marcel Mauss (1872-1950), the father of modern ethnology and a leading early figure in the French school of sociology. Mauss left a rich intellectual legacy in the social sciences, influencing the work of Claude Lévi-Strauss and others. His masterpiece, the 1925 essay The Gift, on reciprocity and gift economies among archaic societies, remains required reading in anthropology, and his work more broadly resonates today with students and scholars in fields from the history of religion to sociology. Mauss taught the first generation of French field researchers in anthropology and helped secure the legacy of his uncle, émile Durkheim, the founder of modern sociology. In Marcel Mauss: A Biography, Marcel Fournier situates Mauss's ideas in their biographical context, focusing not only on the details of Mauss's life but also on the people and the academic milieus with which he was associated in early twentieth-century France. He shows how Mauss--through his writings, teaching, and socialist politics--found himself at the center of the intellectual and political life of his country and of Europe through two world wars. The book addresses, among other topics, the effect of the Dreyfus Affair and the First World War on Mauss's thought, and the inner dynamics of the group of scholars around Mauss and Durkheim at the journal they helped establish, Année Sociologique. The fruit of vast research, Marcel Mauss: A Biography is the life story both of a legendary scholar and of the institutionalization of sociology and anthropology.
Download or read book Between Literature and Science written by Wolf Lepenies and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The theme of this book is the conflict which arose in the early nineteenth century between, on the one hand, the literary and, on the other hand, the scientific intellectuals of Europe, as they competed for recognition as the chief analysts of the new industrial society in which they lived. This conflicts was epitomised by the confrontation between Matthew Arnold and T. H. Huxley, and later in that between F. R. Leavis and C. P. Snow. Sociology was born as the third major discipline, though in many ways it was a hybrid of the literary and the scientific traditions. The social sciences continue, even today, to oscillate between these two traditions. The author chronicles the rise of the new discipline by discussing the lives and work of the most prominent thinkers of the time, in England, France and Germany. These include John Stuart Mill, H. G. Wells, Beatrice and Sidney Webb and T. S. Eliot; Auguste Comte, Charles Peguy, Emile Durkheim; Stefan George, Thomas Mann, Max Weber and Karl Mannheim. At stake was the right to formulate a philosophy of life for contemporary society, and to predict and pre-empt the worst consequences of industrialization. The book presents a penetrating study of idealists grappling with reality, when industrial society was still in its infancy. It will be of interest to those studying sociology and its history as a discipline, but it is equally relevant to other social science subjects which may be said to have arisen at about the same time" -- Back cover.
Download or read book L on Blum written by Joel Colton and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Colton is a meticulous researcher and a fine craftsman. In his political biography of Leon Blum, these two qualities are beautiully blended; none of the available evidence appears to have been over looked, and the enormous mass of variegated material has been transmuted in a polished, richly tapestried, and absorbing narrative.
Download or read book Leon Blum written by Joel Colton and published by Knopf. This book was released on 2013-07-10 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Colton is a meticulous researcher and a fine craftsman. In his political biography of Leon Blum, these two qualities are beautiully blended; none of the available evidence appears to have been over looked, and the enormous mass of variegated material has been transmuted in a polished, richly tapestried, and absorbing narrative.
Download or read book The Passion of Charles P guy written by Glenn H. Roe and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many ways, the development of twentieth-century literary criticism and theory can be seen as a prolonged struggle against the pervading influence of nineteenth-century positivist historicism. Anglo-American New Criticism and later French Post-structuralism and Deconstruction are the best-known instances of this conflict. Less widely known, but no less important to contemporary literary studies, are Charles P guy's earlier debates with French academic historicism in the years leading up to World War One. First examined by Antoine Compagnon in his ground-breaking work La Troisi me R publique des lettres in 1983, it is a period in French literary and cultural history that remains, some thirty years later, largely untreated in English. This book thus addresses an important, albeit relatively unexplored, moment in the development of twentieth-century literary history and theory. By way of P guy's foundational polemics with modernity and his role in the related "crisis of historicism," we gain a better understanding of the critical basis from which similar anti-positivist and anti-historicist critiques were later enacted on both sides of the Atlantic. In situating P guy's passions and polemics within the larger cultural and historical context, Glenn H. Roe invites us to reconsider and re-evaluate P guy's place among twentieth-century literary figures. Beyond its literary-critical aspects, The Passion of Charles P guy provides a general view of early twentieth-century debates related to the role of literary studies in modern society, the reform of the French educational system, and the formation of literary history as an academic discipline in both France and abroad.
