Download or read book Low Temperature Physics written by Hans-Christian Stahl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-04-05 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents experiment, theory and technology in a unified manner. Contains numerous illustrations, tables and references as well as carefully selected problems for students. Surveys the fascinating historical development of the field.
Download or read book Matter and Methods at Low Temperatures written by Frank Pobell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to provide information about performing experi ments at low temperatures, as well as basic facts concerning the low tem perature properties of liquid and solid matter. To orient the reader, I begin with chapters on these low temperature properties. The major part of the book is then devoted to refrigeration techniques and to the physics on which they are based. Of equal importance, of course, are the definition and measurement of temperature; hence low temperature thermometry is extensively discussed in subsequent chapters. Finally, I describe a variety of design and construction techniques which have turned out to be useful over the years. The content of the book is based on the three-hour-per-week lecture course which I have given several times at the University of Bayreuth between 1983 and 1991. It should be particularly suited for advanced stu dents whose intended masters (diploma) or Ph.D. subject is experimental condensed matter physics at low temperatures. However, I believe that the book will also be of value to experienced scientists, since it describes sev eral very recent advances in experimental low temperature physics and technology, for example, new developments in nuclear refrigeration and thermometry.
Download or read book Low Temperature Electronics written by Edmundo A. Gutierrez-D and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-10-25 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low Temperature Electronics: Physics, Devices, Circuits, and Applications summarizes the recent advances in cryoelectronics starting from the fundamentals in physics and semiconductor devices to electronic systems, hybrid superconductor-semiconductor technologies, photonic devices, cryocoolers and thermal management. Furthermore, this book provides an exploration of the currently available theory, research, and technologies related to cryoelectronics, including treatment of the solid state physical properties of the materials used in these systems. Current applications are found in infrared systems, satellite communications and medical equipment. There are opportunities to expand in newer fields such as wireless and mobile communications, computers, and measurement and scientific equipment. Low temperature operations can offer certain advantages such as higher operational speeds, lower power dissipation, shorter signal transmission times, higher semiconductor and metal thermal conductivities, and improved digital and analog circuit performance.The computer, telecommunication, and cellular phone market is pushing the semiconductor industry towards the development of very aggressive device and integrated circuit fabrication technologies. This is taking these technologies towards the physical miniaturization limit, where quantum effects and fabrication costs are becoming a technological and economical barrier for further development. In view of these limitations, operation of semiconductor devices and circuits at low temperature (cryogenic temperature) is studied in this book.* It is a book intended for a wide audience: students, scientists, technology development engineers, private companies, universities, etc.* It contains information which is for the first time available as an all-in-one source; Interdisciplinary material is arranged and made compatible in this book* It is a must as reference source
Download or read book Progress in Low Temperature Physics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-11-03 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A number of interrelated areas of low temperature physics are brought together in this volume. The four topics are presented as separate chapters. First is the study of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism for defect formation following quench cooling of superfluid 3He and its relation to quantum field theory. Properties of heavy fermion materials are described next with special attention to the competition between magnetism and superconductivity. Some of the newest correlated electron systems are discussed and the arguments for possible unconventional nature of the superconducting order parameter are presented for these systems, including the novel coexistence of ferromagnetism and superconductivity. Highly polarized degenerate Fermi liquids are of substantial interest in many areas of physics. The most complete description of observations of thermodynamic and transport phenomena are reviewed here for the case of polarized liquid 3He obtained by rapid melting from a polarized solid and subsequent rapid refrigeration. Properties of the melting curve of 3He, and the related technique of melting curve thermometry are described in detail.· Superfluid 3He and Quantum Field Theory· Large Scale structure of the Universe· Unconventional Superconductivity· Heavy Fermions· Quantum Phase Transitions· Polarized Fermi Liquids · Rapid Melting· 3He Melting Curve· Low Temperature Thermometry
Download or read book Theory of Low Temperature Plasma Physics written by Shi Nguyen-Kuok and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-11 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers the reader an overview of the basic approaches to the theoretical description of low-temperature plasmas, covering numerical methods, mathematical models and modeling techniques. The main methods of calculating the cross sections of plasma particle interaction and the solution of the kinetic Boltzmann equation for determining the transport coefficients of the plasma are also presented. The results of calculations of thermodynamic properties, transport coefficients, the equilibrium particle-interaction cross sections and two-temperature plasmas are also discussed. Later chapters consider applications, and the results of simulation and calculation of plasma parameters in induction and arc plasma torches are presented. The complex physical processes in high-frequency plasmas and arc plasmas, the internal and external parameters of plasma torches, near-electrode processes, heat transfer, the flow of solid particles in plasmas and other phenomena are considered. The book is intended for professionals involved in the theoretical study of low-temperature plasmas and the design of plasma torches, and will be useful for advanced students in related areas.
Download or read book The Art of Cryogenics written by Guglielmo Ventura and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-07-07 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryogenics is the study of low temperature interactions - temperatures well below those existing in the natural universe. The book covers a large spectrum of experimental cases, including basic vacuum techniques, indispensable in cryogenics. Guidance in solving experimental problems and numerous numerical examples are given, as are examples of the applications of cryogenics in such areas as underground detectors and space applications. Updated tables of low-temperature data on materials are also presented, and the book is supplemented with a rich bibliography. Researchers (graduate and above) in the fields of physics, engineering and chemistry with an interest in the technology and applications of low-temperature measurements, will find this book invaluable. - Experiments described in technical detail - Description of newest cryogenic apparatus - Applications in multidisciplinary areas - Data on cryogenic properties of new materials - Current reference review
Download or read book Experimental Techniques for Low Temperature Measurements written by Jack Ekin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-10-12 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher description
Download or read book Recent Developments in Cryogenics Research written by Sergiy Putselyk and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryogenics, a term commonly used to refer to very low temperatures, had its beginning in the latter half of the 19th century. Traditionally, this field is separated from Cryogenic Engineering and Low Temperature Physics (LTP). Cryogenic engineering is concerned with the design and development of low-temperature systems and components, while low temperature physics is more related to the fundamental research of material or fluid properties. This book discusses some recent findings and developments as well as gives an outlook on the fields of helium cryogenics and LTP. The main focus will be given to the helium cryogenics, though a smaller review is also presented for the fields of cryogenic energy storage facilities. Some future trends and R&D activities are also discussed. To orient the reader, the first four chapters are related to LTP, while the major part of the book is then devoted to helium cryogenics, for example, refrigeration techniques, cryostats, low temperature electronics, safety, etc.It should be particularly suited for advanced students, young researchers or engineers, who are intending to proceed with careers in helium cryogenics or LTP. However, the authors believe that the book will also be of value to experienced scientists, since it describes several very recent advances in experimental low temperature physics and technology, for example, ultra-low temperature technique and thermometry, as well as progress in helium cryogenics, such as heat transfer, cryostat designs for large facilities, and refrigerator developments. Extensive references are provided for the readers interested in the details of the cryogenic engineering advances. And last but not least, the authors hope that this book will widen the horizons of many without a solid state background, but with a general interest in low temperature physics and helium cryogenics.In attempting to cover such a wide field, a large degree of selection has been necessary, as complete volumes have been written on many topics which here have had to be covered in very few pages or less. It is inevitable that not everyone will agree with the present choice, especially if it is their own subject which has been discussed very briefly or not mentioned at all, and the editor accepts full responsibility for the selections made. The book is written at a level which should be followed by a university graduate in science or engineering, although, if their background has not included a course in cryogenic engineering, general or solid-state physics, some groundwork may be lacking.
Download or read book Absolute Zero and the Conquest of Cold written by Tom Shachtman and published by HMH. This book was released on 2000-12-12 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A lovely, fascinating book, which brings science to life.” —Alan Lightman Combining science, history, and adventure, Tom Shachtman “holds the reader’s attention with the skill of a novelist” as he chronicles the story of humans’ four-centuries-long quest to master the secrets of cold (Scientific American). “A disarming portrait of an exquisite, ferocious, world-ending extreme,” Absolute Zero and the Conquest of Cold demonstrates how temperature science produced astonishing scientific insights and applications that have revolutionized civilization (Kirkus Reviews). It also illustrates how scientific advancement, fueled by fortuitous discoveries and the efforts of determined individuals, has allowed people to adapt to—and change—the environments in which they live and work, shaping man’s very understanding of, and relationship, with the world. This “truly wonderful book” was adapted into an acclaimed documentary underwritten by the National Science Foundation and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, directed by British Emmy Award winner David Dugan, and aired on the BBC and PBS’s Nova in 2008 (Library Journal). “An absorbing account to chill out with.” —Booklist
Download or read book Experimental Techniques in Low temperature Physics written by Guy Kendall White and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1987 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is for those physicists, physical chemists, metallurgists and engineers who need to carry out investigations at low temperatures. It deals with the production and measurement of low temperatures, the handling of liquefied gases on the laboratory scale, and the principles and details of the design of experimental cryostats, including the problems of heat transfer and temperature control. While covering the technical details needed by professional researchers, such as the electrical and thermal conductivities of materials used in making low temperature equipment, the book includes enough explanations of the fundamental principles that it will also be useful to advanced university students.
Download or read book Physics of Cryogenics written by Bahman Zohuri and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-11-17 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics of Cryogenics: An Ultralow Temperature Phenomenon discusses the significant number of advances that have been made during the last few years in a variety of cryocoolers, such as Brayton, Joule-Thomson, Stirling, pulse tube, Gifford-McMahon and magnetic refrigerators. The book reviews various approaches taken to improve reliability, a major driving force for new research areas. The advantages and disadvantages of different cycles are compared, and the latest improvements in each of these cryocoolers is discussed. The book starts with the thermodynamic fundamentals, followed by the definition of cryogenic and the associated science behind low temperature phenomena and properties. This book is an ideal resource for scientists, engineers and graduate and senior undergraduate students who need a better understanding of the science of cryogenics and related thermodynamics. - Defines the fundamentals of thermodynamics that are associated with cryogenic processes - Provides an overview of the history of the development of cryogenic technology - Includes new, low temperature tables written by the author - Deals with the application of cryogenics to preserve objects at very low temperature - Explains how cryogenic phenomena work for human cell and human body preservations and new medical approaches
Download or read book The Physics of Nanoelectronics written by Tero T. Heikkilä and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in nanotechnology have allowed physicists and engineers to miniaturize electronic structures to the limit where finite-size related phenomena start to impact their properties. This book discusses such phenomena and models made for their description. The book starts from the semiclassical description of nonequilibrium effects, details the scattering theory used for quantum transport calculations, and explains the main interference effects. It also describes how to treat fluctuations and correlations, how interactions affect transport through small islands, and how superconductivity modifies these effects. The last two chapters describe new emerging fields related with graphene and nanoelectromechanics. The focus of the book is on the phenomena rather than formalism, but the book still explains in detail the main models constructed for these phenomena. It also introduces a number of electronic devices, including the single-electron transistor, the superconducting tunnel junction refrigerator, and the superconducting quantum bit.
Download or read book Materials at Low Temperatures written by Richard Palmer Reed and published by ASM International(OH). This book was released on 1983 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics and Chemistry at Low Temperatures written by Leonid Khriachtchev and published by Pan Stanford Publishing. This book was released on 2011-06-22 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the fundamental and practical aspects of the processes of thermodynamics as well as experimental and theoretical methods used in the field, this informed examination highlights how the development of thermodynamics has been essentially based on the potentials of cryogenic technology. Penned by leading scientists with strong experience in the field who predict that many useful and exciting phenomena remain to be discovered in the future, this well-researched educational resource contains both a history of and practical recommendations for the ongoing study of matter at low temperature.
Download or read book Low Temperature and Cryogenic Refrigeration written by Sadik Kakaç and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refrigeration plays a prominent role in our everyday lives, and cryogenics plays a major role in medical science, space technology and the cooling of low-temperature electronics. This volume contains chapters on basic refrigeration systems, non-compression refrigeration and cooling, and topics related to global environmental issues, alternative refrigerants, optimum refrigerant selection, cost-quality optimization of refrigerants, advanced thermodynamics of reverse-cycle machines, applications in medicine, cryogenics, heat pipes, gas-solid absorption refrigeration, multisalt resorption heat pumps, cryocoolers, thermoacoustic refrigeration, cryogenic heat transfer and enhancement and other topics covering theory, design, and applications, such as pulse tube refrigeration, which is the most efficient of all cryocoolers and can be used in space missions.
Download or read book Experimental Techniques in Low Temperature Physics written by Guy White and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2002-02-21 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryogenics (low-temperature physics) has become important in everyday life through its use in satellite communications, medical diagnosis, natural gas transport, infrared surveillance, etc. This book explains the how and why of cooling systems, liquid nitrogen, liquid helium, and the approach to absolute zero. It will be of value to physics graduate students, as well as to engineers and biologists facing low-temperature problems.
Download or read book Low Temperature Physics an introduction for scientists and engineers written by P.V.E. McClintock and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to provide a clear and unified introduction to the physics of matter at low temperatures, and to do so at a level accessible to researchers new to the field and to graduate and senior undergraduate students. Rapid scientific progress made over the last seven years in a number of specific areas-for example, high-Tc superconductivity and the quantum Hall effect-has inevitably rendered our earlier Matter at Low Temperatures somewhat out of date. We have therefore taken the opportunity to revise and amend the text in its entirety and, at the same time, to furnish it with what we believe to be a more apt title, emphasizing that it is with the physics of low temperatures that we are particularly concerned. Like its predecessor, Low-Temperature Physics is devoted to the fascinating and diverse phenomena that occur under conditions of extreme cold, many of which have no analogue at all in the everyday world at room temperature.
