Download or read book Low level Convergence and the Prediction of Convective Precipitation in South Florida written by Andrew I. Watson and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reliable method is presented for the prediction of convective precipitation in south Florida. Total area diverence is statistically related to area rainfall as derived by radar in a mesoscale region on the order of 1400 sq km. Various network grids and sizes are examined to find the best scale to measure total area divergence. The response of visible clouds to surface convergence is investigated with time-lapse photographs taken in the FACE mesonetwork. One case study of a convective storm complex as measured by Doppler radar and surface pressure data is presented. Finally, vertical adjustment factors are determined for surface winds under varying meteorological conditions and time of day. (Author).
Download or read book Low Level Convergence and the Prediction of Convective Precipitation written by Bernice Ackerman and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers at the University of Virginia, the Office of Weather Research and Modification (OWRM) of NOAA (formerly the cumulus group of Hurricane and Experimental Meteorological Laboratory), and the Illinois State Water Survey, have engaged in a collaborative effort to study the relationship between surface convergence and subsequent precipitation from convective clouds in both subtropical marine and mid-latitude continental climates. The overall goal of the research was to increase the understanding of the dynamics involved in the development of convective clouds and in cloud interactions on the mesoscale. More specifically, the research focused on the role of low level and surface convergence in the evolution of precipitating convective systems and on developing methods by which this increased knowledge could be used for nowcasting convective precipitation. The research studies were based both on existing data sets from Florida and the Midwest and on measurements made in a special field project carried out during the second year of the three year project. (Author).
Download or read book The Relationship Between Low level Convergence and Convective Precipitation in Illinois and South Florida written by Andrew I. Watson and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between total area divergence and convective rainfall was examined using surface data collected during the VIN 1979 field experiment in Illinois. The mesonetwork covered an area of 2800 km 2. Total area divergence, an area-averaged quantity, can also be expressed by the line integral of the normal component of the wind around the network boundary. Total area divergence was statistically related to area rainfall based upon the criterion that a convergence event occurred anytime there was a sustained change in total area divergence of less than -1/40000s s-1 for greater than 10 minutes. The difference between initial convergence and maximum convergence was related to total area precipitation associated with the convergence. During the 33-day study, there were 106 convergence events. Forty-four of the events had rainfall, and the average was 1.53 mm per event. The correlation coefficient was -0.50. Other meteorological factors also have an influence on convergence and the production of precipitation such as middle-level moisture, stability, and low-level wind speed which improve the statistical relationships in many instances. Weighted convergence, a subset of total area divergence was also used to develop regression relationships. When compared with south Florida relationships from an earlier investigation, the Illinois results show that the correlation between convergence and rainfall has dropped a tenth in almost all cases.
Download or read book Intraseasonal Variability in the Atmosphere Ocean Climate System written by William K.-M. Lau and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-10 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive review of intra-seasonal variability (ISV); the contents are balanced between observation, theory and modeling. Starting with an overview of ISV and historical observations, the book addresses the coupling between ocean and atmosphere, and the worldwide role of ISV in monsoon variability. Also considered are the connections between oscillations like the Madden, Julian and El Nino/Southern and short-term climate.
Download or read book The Development of an Improved Convective Initiation Scheme for Mesoscale Numerical Weather Prediction Models written by Kenneth T. Waight (III.) and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Weather Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NASA Reference Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research in progress written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research in Progress Between and written by United States. Army Research Office and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book AFOSR Chemical Atmospheric Sciences Program Review written by United States. Air Force. Directorate of Chemical and Atmospheric Sciences and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Synoptic dynamic Precursors to Extreme Cases of Tropospheric Moisture Flux Convergence in the United States Midwest and Their Relationship to Precipitation written by Laura Twidle and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Midwest US is prone to receiving heavy precipitation events, including Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs), during the warm season. These MCSs may produce rainfalls, in a 1-2 day period, with amounts well above the monthly climatology. The ability to recognize the patterns and mechanisms that accompany these convective systems is crucial for forecasting their timing and location. Horizontal moisture flux convergence (MFC) is a useful tool in short-term prediction of convection since it contains information on the low-level forcing and the amount of moisture available. However, if there is no support in the upper levels then the likelihood of thunderstorm development is significantly diminished. Using the NARR (North American Regional Reanalysis) dataset, we compute the tropospheric MFC every 3 hours during a 36-year period (1979-2014) through the months of May to August. A 24-h running mean was applied to the 3-hourly tropospheric MFC, and the 99th percentile was selected. An additional criterion ensuring synoptic independence (five days before/after the largest event) was applied, yielding 72 cases. The low-level moisture transport (1000-700hPa) and upper level flow was analyzed for each case, facilitating the classification of cases. Classifications include 1) southwesterly, 2) high amplitude (HA), 3) low amplitude, 4) northwesterly: low amplitude, and 5) northwesterly: high amplitude and 6) other flow. The overall atmospheric circulation structures differ substantially among the categories, where some related more to an upstream trough and others to a downstream ridge. The HA category tended to have the highest precipitating cases due to the strong forcing for ascent found during a Q-vector analysis. Perhaps surprisingly, there were several cases that showed very little precipitation, these low precipitation cases were generally associated with a region of differential anticyclonic vorticity advection. The highest observed precipitating events in the Midwest were then compared to tropospheric MFC, where 6 out of the top 10 were associated with one of the 72 extreme tropospheric MFC cases. Finally, a case study was performed for one of these cases, that of 25 May 2011 to analyze the synoptic environment and forcing for ascent more carefully. We concluded that extreme vertically integrated, horizontal moisture flux convergence (VIMFC) is capable of capturing high precipitation cases, but not all extreme VIMFC cases have high precipitation; to ensure high precipitation, there needs to be upper-level divergence and convective available potential energy (CAPE)." --
Download or read book Severe Convective Storms written by Charles Doswell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly illustrated book is a collection of 13 review papers focusing on convective storms and the weather they produce. It discusses severe convective storms, mesoscale processes, tornadoes and tornadic storms, severe local storms, flash flood forecast and the electrification of severe storms.
Download or read book On Requirements for a Satellite Mission to Measure Tropical Rainfall written by Otto W. Thiele and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate Dynamics of the Tropics written by S. Hastenrath and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of my book "Climate and Circulation of the Tropics" was reasonably up to date to the middle of 1985. In a second printing in 1988 it was possible to complete a few literature references and to correct some misprints. However, vigorous research has taken place over the past five years in various areas of tropical climate dynamics, especially in the atmosphere-ocean mechanisms of climate anomalies, climate prediction, ocean circulation, and paleoclimates. Promising progress has also been made in the application of general circulation modelling to tropical climate problems. In the present second edition, named "Climate Dynamics of the Tropics", I have attempted to incorporate much of the recent work to late 1990. Chapters 8 and 9 have been essentially re-written, and major additions have been made to Chapters 4 and 12 in particular. I would like to acknowledge the continued support by the U.S. National Science Foundation over the past five years. B. Parthasarathy, Poona, and H. Lessmann, San Salvador, sent me updates of data series not easily accessible. I have benefitted from discussions with numerous colleagues in the United States and overseas. In the preparation of this second edition, Marilyn Wolff patiently transferred my illegible hand-written drafts onto word processor. Dierk Polzin and Dan Skemp assisted me with the creation of the page masters and the subject index and Christopher Collimore with the author index.
Download or read book National Research Work in Tropical Meteorology Report written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mesoscale Meteorology and Forecasting written by Peter Ray and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 803 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of selected lectures presented at the ‘Intensive Course on Mesoscale Meteorology and Forecasting’ in Boulder, USA, in 1984. It includes mesoscale classifications, observing techniques and systems, internally generated circulations, mesoscale convective systems, externally forced circulations, modeling and short-range forecasting techniques. This is a highly illustrated book and comprehensive work, including extensive bibliographic references. It is aimed at graduates in meteorology and for professionals working in the field.
