Download or read book Low Cost Passive UHF RFID Tag Antenna Based Sensors for Pervasive Sensing Applications written by Rahul Bhattacharyya and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the future, large-scale sensor deployment would enable many areas such as infrastructure condition monitoring and supply chain management. However, many of today's wireless sensor technologies are still too expensive to meet this need. Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) offers good potential for the development of pervasive sensors: RFID tags have a proven track record of large-scale, highly integrated deployment for object identification in the retail and consumer goods industry. Furthermore, the last decade has seen much progress in making RFID a reliable, standardized wireless communication medium with the ability to mass produce low-cost RFID tags. My thesis introduces the concept of RFID Tag Antenna-Based Sensing (RFID TABS). In this approach, a change in the sensed parameter of interest induces a controlled change in the geometry or boundary conditions of an RFID tag's antenna. The resultant change in the tag's response signal can then be detected by an RFID reader. My approach builds upon current developments in RFID technology. For instance, the manufacturing techniques for the mass production of low-cost RFID tags can be used for pervasive tag-sensor development. My thesis examines TABS in a two-pronged approach: First, I demonstrate how three fundamental tag and reader signal properties can be used for sensing and propose three classes of TABS: -- Amplitude Modifying (AM) TABS use RFID reader transmitted power and tag response power for sensing. I illustrate proof of concept using a displacement sensor. I demonstrate that both these power metrics can be used to reliably measure structural displacement to a precision of 2.5 mm using commercial RFID tags. -- Frequency Modifying (FM) TABS relate changes in the sensed parameter to a shift in the tag's optimal operating frequency - the carrier frequency for which the tag is best tuned to respond to the reader. I demonstrate proof of concept using a temperature threshold sensor - the crossing of a design temperature threshold results in a shift in the sensor's optimal operating frequency. I demonstrate that the sensor works reliably over a 3 m read range and in different environmental conditions. -- Phase Modifying (PM) TABS use tag backscatter phase for sensing. I provide a brief summary of the factors influencing RF phase and outline the design for a PM TABS fluid level sensor that uses RFID tag response phase to detect the presence or absence of fluid in a beverage glass. I highlight the challenges in the practical implementation of this approach by demonstrating the sensitivity of RFID tag phase to three extraneous factors. Second, I introduce the concept of Non-Electric Memory to record short timescale threshold crossovers in the sensed parameter that may occur when the tag-sensor is unpowered. When information about, rather than the exact time of, the threshold occurrence is sufficient, non-electric memory provides a solution. I demonstrate how non-electric memory can be integrated into sensor design at minimal added cost. In the proof of concept of a temperature threshold sensor, I design a thermally actuated shape memory polymer switch to permanently change the electrical properties of an RFID tag when the temperature threshold is crossed. I demonstrate that the design works reliably over a read range of 3 m and is independent of the material on which the sensor is deployed. In summary, this thesis demonstrates how an RFID tag can be adapted for low cost, pervasive sensing. Sensor prototypes illustrate proof of concept in three application areas. Extensions to two other applications are also discussed.
Download or read book Chipless RFID Sensors written by Nemai Chandra Karmakar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-16 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic treatment of the design and fabrication of chipless RFID sensors This book presents various sensing techniques incorporated into chipless RFID systems. The book is divided into five main sections: Introduction to Chipless RFID Sensors; RFID Sensor Design; Smart Materials; Fabrication, Integration and Testing; and Applications of Chipless RFID Sensors. After a comprehensive review of conventional RFID sensors, the book presents various passive microwave circuit designs to achieve compact, high data density and highly sensitive tag sensors for a number of real-world ubiquitous sensing applications. The book reviews the application of smart materials for microwave sensing and provides an overview of various micro- and nano-fabrication techniques with the potential to be used in the development of chipless RFID sensors. The authors also explore a chipless RFID reader design capable of reading data ID and sensory information from the chipless RFID sensors presented in the book. The unique features of the book are: Evaluating new chipless RFID sensor design that allow non-invasive PD detection and localization, real-time environment monitoring, and temperature threshold detection and humidity Providing a classification of smart materials based on sensing physical parameters (i.e. humidity, temperature, pH, gas, strain, light, etc.) Discussing innovative micro- and nano-fabrication processes including printing suitable for chipless RFID sensors Presenting a detailed case study on various real-world applications including retail, pharmaceutical, logistics, power, and construction industries Chipless RFID Sensors is primarily written for researchers in the field of RF sensors but can serve as supplementary reading for graduate students and professors in electrical engineering and wireless communications.
Download or read book Design and Development of Radio Frequency Identification RFID and RFID enabled Sensors on Flexible Low Cost Substrates written by Li Yang and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a step-by-step discussion of the design and development of radio frequency identification (RFID) and RFID-enabled sensors on flexible low cost substrates for UHF frequency bands. Various examples of fully function building blocks (design and fabrication of antennas, integration with ICs and microcontrollers, power sources, as well as inkjet-printing techniques) demonstrate the revolutionary effect of this approach in low cost RFID and RFID-enabled sensors fields. This approach could be easily extended to other microwave and wireless applications as well. The first chapter describes the basic functionality and the physical and IT-related principles underlying RFID and sensors technology. Chapter two explains in detail inkjet-printing technology providing the characterization of the conductive ink, which consists of nano-silver-particles, while highlighting the importance of this technology as a fast and simple fabrication technique especially on flexible organic substrates such as Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) or paper-based substrates. Chapter three demonstrates several compact inkjet-printed UHF RFID antennas using antenna matching techniques to match IC's complex impedance as prototypes to provide the proof of concept of this technology. Chapter four discusses the benefits of using conformal magnetic material as a substrate for miniaturized high-frequency circuit applications. In addition, in Chapter five, the authors also touch up the state-of-the-art area of fully-integrated wireless sensor modules on organic substrates and show the first ever 2D sensor integration with an RFID tag module on paper, as well as the possibility of 3D multilayer paper-based RF/microwave structures. Table of Contents: Radio Frequency Identification Introduction / Flexible Organic Low Cost Substrates / Benchmarking RFID Prototypes on Organic Substrates / Conformal Magnetic Composite RFID Tags / Inkjet-Printed RFID-Enabled Sensors
Download or read book RFID Enabled Sensor Design and Applications written by Amin Rida and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2010 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RFID (radio-frequency identification) is an emerging communication system technology and one of the most rapidly growing segments of todayOCOs automatic identification data collection industry. This cutting-edge resource offers you a solid understanding of the basic technical principles and applications of RFID-enabled sensor systems. The book provides you with a detailed description of RFID and itOCOs operation, along with a fundamental overview of sensors and wireless sensor networks. Moreover, this practical reference gives you step-by-step guidance on how to design RFID-enabled sensors that form a wireless sensor network. You also find detailed coverage of state-of OCothe-art RFID/sensor technology and worldwide applications.
Download or read book Design and Development of RFID and RFID Enabled Sensors on Flexible Low Cost Substrates written by Li Yang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a step-by-step discussion of the design and development of radio frequency identification (RFID) and RFID-enabled sensors on flexible low cost substrates for UHF frequency bands. Various examples of fully function building blocks (design and fabrication of antennas, integration with ICs and microcontrollers, power sources, as well as inkjet-printing techniques) demonstrate the revolutionary effect of this approach in low cost RFID and RFID-enabled sensors fields. This approach could be easily extended to other microwave and wireless applications as well. The first chapter describes the basic functionality and the physical and IT-related principles underlying RFID and sensors technology. Chapter two explains in detail inkjet-printing technology providing the characterization of the conductive ink, which consists of nano-silver-particles, while highlighting the importance of this technology as a fast and simple fabrication technique especially on flexible organic substrates such as Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) or paper-based substrates. Chapter three demonstrates several compact inkjet-printed UHF RFID antennas using antenna matching techniques to match IC's complex impedance as prototypes to provide the proof of concept of this technology. Chapter four discusses the benefits of using conformal magnetic material as a substrate for miniaturized high-frequency circuit applications. In addition, in Chapter five, the authors also touch up the state-of-the-art area of fully-integrated wireless sensor modules on organic substrates and show the first ever 2D sensor integration with an RFID tag module on paper, as well as the possibility of 3D multilayer paper-based RF/microwave structures. Table of Contents: Radio Frequency Identification Introduction / Flexible Organic Low Cost Substrates / Benchmarking RFID Prototypes on Organic Substrates / Conformal Magnetic Composite RFID Tags / Inkjet-Printed RFID-Enabled Sensors
Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring and Integrity Management written by Keqin Ding and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-05-29 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural Health Monitoring and Integrity Management is a collection of the papers presented at the 2nd International Conference of Structural Health Monitoring and Integrity Management (ICSHMIM2014, Nanjing, China, 24-26 September 2014), and addresses the most recent developments in the field of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and integrity ma
Download or read book Green RFID Systems written by Luca Roselli and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how new materials and electronics technologies can make RFID systems more energy efficient and environmentally friendly. Experts show you how energy scavenging, passive/chipless RFID, RFID passive sensors, networked RFID, energy harvesting, organic devices, and wide area electronics can be used to develop green solutions for the Internet of Things.
Download or read book Chipless RFID Sensor for Ubiquitous Sensing written by Emran Md Amin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has been employed in mainstream applications for asset management, storage of goods, security, transportation and logistics. The RFID sensor has features which can revolutionize the field of automated object identification in conjunction with condition monitoring. In this research, a novel chipless RFID sensor platform is proposed for wireless sensing of tagged objects. Since the proposed chipless RFID sensor does not require any on-board micro-chip and power source, it has great potential for low-cost, maintenance-free, automated and robust applications. The aim of this research is to develop single node multi-parameter sensing chipless RFID sensors in versatile RF sensing applications. This PhD thesis involves developing novel multi-resonator chipless RFID sensor platforms for three potential RF sensing applications: (i) non-invasive radiometric partial discharge (PD) detection and localization of faulty power apparatus, (ii) electromagnetic (EM) sensors for real time environment monitoring, and finally, (iii) RF memory sensors for event detection. Each development involves the problem identification, research hypothesis, physical layer design of the sensor tag, prototype fabrication and experimentation. Finally, a chipless RFID sensor for multiple parameter sensing is proposed for both real-time environment monitoring and event detection. In the first phase of this research, a passive radio frequency (RF) sensor has been developed for non-invasive radiometric detection of simultaneous PD signals in high voltage (HV) apparatus such as transformers, overhead lines, capacitor banks and circuit breakers. The sensor comprises passive multi-resonator circuit and an antenna for capturing PD as well as providing ID of faulty equipment. The low-cost RF sensor is installed in individual HV apparatus for monitoring their PD events. The chipless RFID based PD sensor addresses PD monitoring, PD detection and faulty source identification.In the second phase, a low-cost, printable chipless RFID tag sensor is developed for real-time environment monitoring. The chipless RFID tag sensor provides identification data and monitors a number of physical parameters of tagged objects and the surrounding environment. The RF sensor measures physical parameters such as temperature, humidity, light intensity and pH level of tagged objects. The RFID sensor is based on planar, single-sided resonant scatterers for generating data ID and carrying sensing information in the frequency spectrum. Environment sensing is incorporated using smart polymer materials, which exhibit dielectric change to particular physical parameters. Our proposed chipless RFID sensor comprises a planar multi-slot resonator as an ID generation circuit and an electric field coupled LC (ELC) resonator coated with a smart material layer as a sensing circuit on a compact planar layout. A novel feature of the developed sensor is its ability to combine multiple physical parameter sensing in the same chipless RFID platform for ubiquitous condition monitoring. In this research firstly, a humidity sensor is proposed, as it is one of the most critical physical parameters for environment monitoring. Next, a chipless RFID memory sensor is developed for violation of temperature threshold. The memory sensor uses a smart material which exhibit permanent dielectric change when certain temperature threshold is reached. The sensor operates as a memory device to store occurrence of a particular event. The temperature threshold sensor can also incorporate real time humidity sensing within the same chipless RFID tag platform. Hence a chipless RFID sensor for multiple parameters sensing capability is developed.Reading of chipless RFID sensor is a non-trivial task. A chipless RFID sensor tag is a minute radar target for the reader. New reader architecture to read the tag is proposed in this thesis. The reader comprises RF, digital and power control modules to interrogate the tag sensor, captures backscattered RF response and performs necessary signal processing for data decoding.Finally, the thesis summarizes the major challenges in realizing a fully-printable chipless sensor on flexible substrates. Potential future research directions in sensor fabrication, chipless RFID reader development, and sensor calibration methods are discussed. With its simultaneous identification and sensing capabilities, the low cost fully printable chipless RFID sensor will revolutionise emerging fields such as internet of thing (IoT) and smart cities.
Download or read book Design and Optimization of Passive UHF RFID Systems written by Jari-Pascal Curty and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-12-18 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) stores and retrieves data using devices called RFID tags: objects attached to or incorporated into a product, animal or person which communicate with an RFID reader or interrogator. This book proposes a linear two-port model for an N-stage modified-Greinacher full wave rectifier, predicting the overall conversion efficiency at low power levels where the diodes are operating near their threshold voltage. Included is an experimental procedure to measure how impedance modulation in the tag affects the signal at the reader, and a useful tool for choosing the most appropriate impedances.
Download or read book Design and Experimental Evaluation of Compact RFID Tags for UHF RFID Applications written by Abdulhadi Abdulhadi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Radio frequency identification (RFID) has become one of the fastest growing wireless technologies. An RFID system is a real-time processor that enables the information stored on a tag to be tracked and exchanged remotely with an RFID reader. The RFID tag plays a critical role in determining the overall performance of the entire system, as well as its size, cost and detection range. In this thesis, various miniaturized RFID tag antennas are investigated and implemented for conventional and emerging passive ultra high frequency (UHF) RFID applications. First, the design and experimental evaluation of three compact printed tag antennas including folded, 2D and 3D meander monopoles are presented. Next, designing a new miniaturized tunable passive UHF RFID tag is undertaken with the operation frequency covering the entire range of the UHF RFID regulated bands (840-960 MHz). This design method not only can be used in tags targeting the global RFID market, but also is crucial for the successful implementation of an RFID system that is tolerant of detuning due to fabrication process variations and loading of deployment environment. As well, a low profile RFID tag consisting of a compact microstrip patch antenna backed by a mushroom-type Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure is proposed. This design which achieves an area reduction of 29.11% compared to a conventional patch yields a maximum reading range of around 11 m as a free standing tag and when attached to a metallic surface.To extend the reading range of the RFID tag, a solar panel is integrated with the patch antenna to boost the RFID chip's operating power. Furthermore, new aspects of antenna and RFID chip integration in multi-port/antenna arrangements are explored through the design and measurement of tag prototypes.RFID technology has recently been employed in sensor applications for low-cost low-power wireless sensor node implementation. This thesis also presents novel dual-port UHF RFID tag antennas for simultaneous wireless identification and sensor applications. Special RFID tag antennas are designed and integrated with passive resistive sensors demonstrating detection of sensor data by utilizing a commercial RFID reader. Finally, another RFID-tag-sensor for transmission of generic sensor data is implemented, which also includes solar energy harvesting. This design is further improved by employing a novel two-port patch antenna that collects the ambient RF energy through its second port. A reliable RFID communication range of up to 27 m was achieved in an indoor measurement scenario, which represents, to the author's knowledge, the longest distance ever reported for similar sensor-enhanced RFID tags." --
Download or read book RFID Explained written by Roy Want and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2006-12-01 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This lecture provides an introduction to Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), a technology enabling automatic identification of objects at a distance without requiring line-of-sight. Electronic tagging can be divided into technologies that have a power source (active tags), and those that are powered by the tag interrogation signal (passive tags); the focus here is on passive tags. An overview of the principles of the technology divides passive tags into devices that use either near field or far field coupling to communicate with a tag reader. The strengths and weaknesses of the approaches are considered, along with the standards that have been put in place by ISO and EPCGlobal to promote interoperability and the ubiquitous adoption of the technology. A section of the lecture has been dedicated to the principles of reading co-located tags, as this represents a significant challenge for a technology that may one day be able to automatically identify all of the items in your shopping cart in a just few seconds. In fact, RFID applications are already quite extensive and this lecture classifies the primary uses. Some variants of modern RFID can also be integrated with sensors enabling the technology to be extended to measure parameters in the local environment, such as temperature & pressure. The uses and applications of RFID sensors are further described and classified. Later we examine important lessons surrounding the deployment of RFID for the Wal-Mart and the Metro AG store experiences, along with deployments in some more exploratory settings. Extensions of RFID that make use of read/write memory integrated with the tag are also discussed, in particular looking at novel near term opportunities. Privacy and social implications surrounding the use of RFID inspire recurring debates whenever there is discussion of large scale deployment; we examine the pros and cons of the issues and approaches for mitigating the problems. Finally, the remaining challenges of RFID are considered and we look to the future possibilities for the technology. Table of Contents: Introduction / Principles of Radio Frequency Identification / RFID Industry Standards / Reading Collected RFID Tags / Applications of RFID Tagging / RFID Incorporating Sensing / Deployment and Experience with RFID Systems / Privacy, Kill Switches, and Blocker Tags / Opportunities for RFID Integrated with Memory / Challenges, Future Technology, and Conclusion
Download or read book Grynaeus Canonia Lavinia written by and published by . This book was released on 1610 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The RF in RFID written by Daniel Dobkin and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-11-01 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how UHF tags and readers communicate wirelessly. It gives an understanding of what limits the read range of a tag, how to increase it (and why that might result in breaking the law), and the practical things that need to be addressed when designing and implementing RFID technology. Avoiding heavy math but giving breadth of coverage with the right amount of detail, it is an ideal introduction to radio communications for engineers who need insight into how tags and readers work. New to this edition: • Examples of near-metal antenna techniques • Discussion of the wakeup challenge for battery-assisted tags, with a BAT architecture example • Latest development of protocols: EPC Gen 1.2.0 • Update 18000-6 discussion with battery-assisted tags, sensor tags, Manchester tags and wakeup provisions - Named a 2012 Notable Computer Book for Computer Systems Organization by Computing Reviews - The only book to give an understanding of radio communications, the underlying technology for radio frequency identification (RFID) - Praised for its readability and clarity, it balances breadth and depth of coverage - New edition includes latest developments in chip technology, antennas and protocols
Download or read book Radio Frequency Identification Fundamentals and Applications written by Cristina Turcu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2010-02-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, entitled Radio Frequency Identification Fundamentals and Applications, Bringing Research to Practice, bridges the gap between theory and practice and brings together a variety of research results and practical solutions in the field of RFID. The book is a rich collection of articles written by people from all over the world: teachers, researchers, engineers, and technical people with strong background in the RFID area. Developed as a source of information on RFID technology, the book addresses a wide audience including designers for RFID systems, researchers, students and anyone who would like to learn about this field. At this point I would like to express my thanks to all scientists who were kind enough to contribute to the success of this project by presenting numerous technical studies and research results. However, we couldn’t have published this book without the effort of InTech team. I wish to extend my most sincere gratitude to InTech publishing house for continuing to publish new, interesting and valuable books for all of us.
Download or read book Wireless Power Transmission for Sustainable Electronics written by Nuno Borges Carvalho and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a collection of works produced by COST Action IC1301 with the goal of achieving significant advances in the field of wireless power transmission This book constitutes together information from COST Action IC1301, a group of academic and industry experts seeking to align research efforts in the field of wireless power transmission (WPT). It begins with a discussion of backscatter as a solution for Internet of Things (IoT) devices and goes on to describe ambient backscattering sensors that use FM broadcasting for low cost and low power wireless applications. The book also explores localization of passive RFID tags and augmented tags using nonlinearities of RFID chips. It concludes with a review of methods of electromagnetic characterization of textile materials for the development of wearable antennas. Wireless Power Transmission for Sustainable Electronics: COST WiPE - IC1301 covers textile-supported wireless energy transfer, and reviews methods for the electromagnetic characterization of textile materials for the development of wearable antennas. It also looks at: backscatter RFID sensor systems for remote health monitoring; simultaneous localization (of robots and objects) and mapping (SLAM); autonomous system of wireless power distribution for static and moving nodes of wireless sensor networks; and more. Presents techniques for smart beam-forming for "on demand" wireless power transmission (WPT) Discusses RF and microwave energy harvesting for space applications Describes miniaturized RFID transponders for object identification and sensing Wireless Power Transmission for Sustainable Electronics: COST WiPE - IC1301 is an excellent book for both graduate students and industry engineers involved in wireless communications and power transfer, and sustainable materials for those fields.
Download or read book Internet of Things written by Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-25 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancement in sensor technology, smart instrumentation, wireless sensor networks, miniaturization, RFID and information processing is helping towards the realization of Internet of Things (IoT). IoTs are finding applications in various area applications including environmental monitoring, intelligent buildings, smart grids and so on. This book provides design challenges of IoT, theory, various protocols, implementation issues and a few case study. The book will be very useful for postgraduate students and researchers to know from basics to implementation of IoT.
Download or read book Wireless Power Transmission for Sustainable Electronics written by Nuno Borges Carvalho and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-19 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a collection of works produced by COST Action IC1301 with the goal of achieving significant advances in the field of wireless power transmission This book constitutes together information from COST Action IC1301, a group of academic and industry experts seeking to align research efforts in the field of wireless power transmission (WPT). It begins with a discussion of backscatter as a solution for Internet of Things (IoT) devices and goes on to describe ambient backscattering sensors that use FM broadcasting for low cost and low power wireless applications. The book also explores localization of passive RFID tags and augmented tags using nonlinearities of RFID chips. It concludes with a review of methods of electromagnetic characterization of textile materials for the development of wearable antennas. Wireless Power Transmission for Sustainable Electronics: COST WiPE - IC1301 covers textile-supported wireless energy transfer, and reviews methods for the electromagnetic characterization of textile materials for the development of wearable antennas. It also looks at: backscatter RFID sensor systems for remote health monitoring; simultaneous localization (of robots and objects) and mapping (SLAM); autonomous system of wireless power distribution for static and moving nodes of wireless sensor networks; and more. Presents techniques for smart beam-forming for "on demand" wireless power transmission (WPT) Discusses RF and microwave energy harvesting for space applications Describes miniaturized RFID transponders for object identification and sensing Wireless Power Transmission for Sustainable Electronics: COST WiPE - IC1301 is an excellent book for both graduate students and industry engineers involved in wireless communications and power transfer, and sustainable materials for those fields.
