Download or read book Localization and Characterization of Cell Division Proteins FtsI FtsK and FtsW of Escherichia Coli written by Lilin Wang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Localization and Biochemical Characterization of the Cell Division Protein FtsA in Escherichia Coli written by Anand Immaneni and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Localization of the Cell Division Proteins in Filaments Resulting from a Lack of S adenosylmethionine in Escherichia Coli K 12 written by Shan Wang and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biophysical Studies of Cell Division Protein Localization Mechanisms in Escherichia Coli written by Matthew Wayne Bailey and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How nanometer-scale proteins position accurately within micron-scale bacteria has intrigued both biologists and physicists alike. A critical process requiring precise protein localization is cell division. In most bacteria, cell division starts with the self-assembly of the FtsZ proteins into filaments that form a ring-like structure encircling the cell at its middle, the Z-ring. The Z-ring is a scaffold for additional proteins that synthesize the lateral cell wall which separates the two daughter cells. If division planes are misplaced relative to bacterial chromosomes, also called nucleoids, daughter cells with incomplete genetic material can be produced. In Escherichia coli, research carried out over the past several decades has determined two independent molecular mechanisms that are involved in the midcell placement of the division plane, the Min system, and the SlmA proteins. By combining quantitative image analysis, fluorescence microscopy, and molecular biology techniques, this work provides evidence for two additional mechanisms that coordinate Z-ring positioning with chromosome segregation in E. coli. The first mechanism revealed itself in cells that had the Min system and the SlmA proteins removed. In these cells, the Z-ring invariably localized at the center of the nucleoid. Formation of Z-ring in this location depended on cell cycle dependent movement of the replication terminus region (Ter) to nucleoid middle, and on ZapA, ZapB, and MatP proteins. The second mechanism was revealed in cells where Z-rings were strongly misplaced relative to chromosomes. Interestingly, most of these cells were still viable. We determined that cells retained their viability because as much as 1/3 of the chromosome moved across the closing division plane in the late stages of cytokinesis. Chromosome repositioning appears to rely on septal cell wall synthesis rather than on DNA translocase activity. Altogether this work demonstrates that E. coli harbors several partially redundant molecular systems, in addition to those known previously, that collectively guarantee accurate and robust placement of both cell division proteins and chromosomes.
Download or read book Characterization of the Cell Division Factor ZapB of Escherichia Coli written by Elisa Galli and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cell Division Studies of Escherichia Coli written by Younghae Chong Chon and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cell Division in Escherichia Coli written by Mark Christopher Wissel and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microbial Physiology written by Albert G. Moat and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-03-31 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fourth Edition of Microbial Physiology retains the logical, easy-to-follow organization of the previous editions. An introduction to cell structure and synthesis of cell components is provided, followed by detailed discussions of genetics, metabolism, growth, and regulation for anyone wishing to understand the mechanisms underlying cell survival and growth. This comprehensive reference approaches the subject from a modern molecular genetic perspective, incorporating new insights gained from various genome projects.
Download or read book Prokaryotic Cytoskeletons written by Jan Löwe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the structures and functions of active protein filaments, found in bacteria and archaea, and now known to perform crucial roles in cell division and intra-cellular motility, as well as being essential for controlling cell shape and growth. These roles are possible because the cytoskeletal and cytomotive filaments provide long range order from small subunits. Studies of these filaments are therefore of central importance to understanding prokaryotic cell biology. The wide variation in subunit and polymer structure and its relationship with the range of functions also provide important insights into cell evolution, including the emergence of eukaryotic cells. Individual chapters, written by leading researchers, review the great advances made in the past 20-25 years, and still ongoing, to discover the architectures, dynamics and roles of filaments found in relevant model organisms. Others describe one of the families of dynamic filaments found in many species. The most common types of filament are deeply related to eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins, notably actin and tubulin that polymerise and depolymerise under the control of nucleotide hydrolysis. Related systems are found to perform a variety of roles, depending on the organisms. Surprisingly, prokaryotes all lack the molecular motors associated with eukaryotic F-actin and microtubules. Archaea, but not bacteria, also have active filaments related to the eukaryotic ESCRT system. Non-dynamic fibres, including intermediate filament-like structures, are known to occur in some bacteria.. Details of known filament structures are discussed and related to what has been established about their molecular mechanisms, including current controversies. The final chapter covers the use of some of these dynamic filaments in Systems Biology research. The level of information in all chapters is suitable both for active researchers and for advanced students in courses involving bacterial or archaeal physiology, molecular microbiology, structural cell biology, molecular motility or evolution. Chapter 3 of this book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Download or read book Structural and Functional Analysis of the E Coli Cell Division Proteins FtsL and FtsB written by Samuel James Craven and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell division in bacteria is mediated by a multiprotein machine called the divisome, which is responsible both for directing constrictive force and remodeling the cell wall into a septum at midcell. In Escherichia coli, an essential component of the divisome is the FtsLB complex, which is necessary for recruiting other proteins to the division site and is involved with triggering the final constriction event. The structural arrangement, specific functions, and interaction network of FtsLB are still poorly understood, and improved insights into the roles this essential complex plays would lead to a more complete understanding of cell division as a whole. In this dissertation, I will discuss a series of investigations from myself and collaborators that address how different structural aspects of FtsLB relate to its function. First, we establish via FRET that FtsLB forms a likely 2:2 heterotetramer and use a combination of co-evolutionary analysis and computational modeling to produce a structural model for the complex. These results suggest that the coiled coil of FtsLB is marginally stable due to an abundance of non-hydrophobic interfacial residues. To address a functional role for these residues, we use in vivo complementation experiments and incorporate our results into an alternative structural model. We also provide in vivo evidence that FtsB contains a flexible linker region, whereas FtsL is a continuous, rigid helix. Finally, we identify potential binding sites between FtsL and the essential cell wall synthase FtsW using both in vivo complementation and in vitro binding assays. Together, these studies suggest that distinct structural features of FtsLB - namely its tetrameric arrangement, marginally stable coiled coil, and site of interaction with FtsW - are critical components of divisome regulation. This has important implications for the study of bacterial cell division, as improving our understanding of such a key regulatory component will ultimately lead to a better comprehension of the divisome as a whole.
Download or read book Functional Analysis of Cell Division Protein FtsQ of Escherichia Coli written by Nienke Buddelmeijer and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecules in Time and Space written by Miguel Vicente and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-07-02 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last decade a wealth of new data has arisen from the use of new fluorescent labelling techniques and the sequencing of whole microbial genomes. One important conclusion from these data is that bacterial cells are much more structured than previously thought. The wall and the outer membrane contain topological domains, some proteins localize or move in specific patterns inside the cells, and some genes appear clustered in the chromosome and form conserved evolutionary units. Many of these structures are related to the cell cycle and to the process of cell morphogenesis, two processes that are themselves related to each other. From these observations the dcw gene cluster appears as a phylogenetic trait that is mainly conserved in bacilli. Molecules in Time and Space reviews the data on the formation of subcellular patterns or structures in bacteria, presents observations and hypotheses on the establishment and the maintenance of cell shape, and on the organization of genetic information in the chromosome.
Download or read book The Localization and Timing of Cell Division in Escherichia Coli written by R.M. Teather and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bacterial Physiology written by Walid El-Sharoud and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-07 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of new molecular methodologies in the study of bacterial behavior and cell architecture has enabled new revolutionary insights and discoveries in these areas. This new text presents recent developments in bacterial physiology that are highly relevant to a wide range of readership including those interested in basic and applied knowledge. Its chapters are written by international scientific authorities at the forefront of the subject. The value of this recent knowledge in bacterial physiology is not only restricted to fundamental biology. It also extends to biotechnology and drug-discovery disciplines.
Download or read book Uncovering Specialized Roles for Membrane Phospholipids in Protein Localization and Function in Escherichia Coli written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteria execute remarkably complex processes by coordinating the spatial and temporal localization of macromolecules. The physical, chemical and geometric cues that bacteria utilize to perform such precise and coordinated localization is a subject that has been the focus of much study in recent years. In rod-shaped bacteria such as Escherichia coli, the curvature at the hemispherical poles is much larger than that at the sidewall of the cell. The E. coli inner membrane contains three major phospholipids-phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and cardiolipin (CL). Of these, cardiolipin has a high intrinsic curvature and clusters of phase separated CL that form within the inner membrane localize to the poles and are stabilized by the high curvature at this region. The heterogeneity in membrane composition observed in this region of the cell has been hypothesized to serve as landmarks for the recruitment of proteins to the poles. This dissertation describes how RecA-the primary enzyme required for recombination repair in E. coli, is stabilized at the poles by its interaction with PG and CL. This interaction is not only necessary to anchor these 'storage' forms of RecA but also facilitates the formation of RecA filament bundles after DNA is damaged and helps promote the SOS response. As an additional layer of regulation, the SOS response also regulates the synthesis of anionic phospholipids through the presence of gene regulatory elements upstream of PG synthase. Studies of the SOS response and other stress responses have been advanced by the discovery and characterization of novel small molecule inhibitors that target these processes. In this dissertation, I also describe the characterization of a DNA gyrase inhibitor-the Gyramides-that inhibit cell division via the SOS response but does not inflict breaks or cuts in the DNA. Together these studies provide interesting insights into the role of the membrane in DNA repair and the interplay between protein localization and gene regulation.
