Download or read book Liquefied Petroleum Gas as an Engine Fuel written by Frank L. Howard and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Liquefied Petroleum Gas LPG as a Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines written by Maciej Paczuski and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquefied hydrocarbon gases, containing mostly the mixture of C3-C4 hydrocarbons, in many countries serve as an important source of energy, also for internal combustion engines. On a world scale, at present, about 270 million tonnes of this fuel is produced, of which motorization consumes 26 million tonnes (~10%). Poland is one of these countries, where LPG is a popular engine fuel. Annual consumption of so called autogas is about 1.7 million tonnes with increasing tendency. Almost 3 millions of cars with bifuel engines, mostly spark ignition ones, are driven on Polish roads. An extensive logistical infrastructure accompanies the development of the use of this type of fuel in Poland. There are numerous production companies in Poland working to meet the needs of this branch of industry, as well as a modern service base. Intensive research and development works in this field are carried out. The exceptional advantages of LPG as an alternative engine fuel have been highly appreciated in Poland. These advantages result mainly from the simplicity of its production. Relatively low investment costs and energy consumption are needed to produce high-quality fuel by degasolining of natural gas or crude oil stabilization. LPG is produced as a byproduct in numerous petroleum refining processes and its quality is relatively close to the engine fuel requirements. The source of aliphatic hydrocarbons falling into LPG range can also be the processes of biomass conversion and in the near future, fermentation processes. Environmental advantages of LPG are primarily very low emission of almost all toxic components of engine exhaust gases compared to gasoline or diesel fuel. In this chapter the results of research works aimed at the improvementof exploitation properties, logistics and LPG combustion processes in spark ignitionengines are presented. In this area, anti-corrosion additives for LPG of very high effectiveness were obtained and tested. Also, with the help of additives, the problem of water separating from LPG during storage and transport in tankers has been solved. A multifunctional additive was obtained giving LPG adequate lubricity and detergent properties. The influence of water on the process of LPG combustion in a gasoline fuelled engine as well ways to supply water to the combustion zone are being studied. A mathematical model is being elaborated, precisely describing correlations between density and chemical composition of LPG as well as changes of density as a function of fuel temperature. In the realization of these plans LPG producing companies, research and development teams as well as producers of automobile LPG systems are involved. Successful completion of research works and design works will result in elimination of scarce disadvantages of LPG as an engine fuel, preserving at the same time all its numerous advantages as an alternative fuel for the future - the new era source of energy.
Download or read book Fuel Engine Interactions written by Gautam Kalghatgi and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional fossil fuels will constitute the majority of automotive fuels for the foreseeable future but will have to adapt to changes in engine technology. Unconventional transport fuels such as biofuels, gas-to-liquid fuels, compressed natural gas, and liquid petroleum gas will also play a role. Hydrogen might be a viable transport fuel if it overcomes barriers in production, transport, storage, and safety and/or if fuel cells become viable. This book opens by considering these issues and then introduces practical transport fuels. A chapter on engine deposits follows, which is an important practical topic about how fuels affect engines that is not usually considered in other books. The next three chapters discuss auto-ignition phenomena in engines. The auto-ignition resistance of fuels is the most important fuel property since it limits the efficiency of spark ignition engines and determines the performance of compression ignition engines. Moreover, the manufacture of fuels is primarily driven by the need to meet auto-ignition quality demands set by fuel specifications. The final chapter considers the implications for future fuels. The book covers the many important ways that fuels and engines interact and why and how fuels will need to change to meet the requirements of future engines, as well as the implications for fuels manufacture and specifications.
Download or read book Advanced Engineering for Processes and Technologies written by Azman Ismail and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-14 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents various state-of-the-art applications for the development of new materials and technologies, discussing computer-based engineering tools that are widely used in simulations, evaluation of data and design processes. For example, modern joining technologies can be used to fabricate new compound or composite materials, even those composed of dissimilar materials. Such materials are often exposed to harsh environments and must possess specific properties. Technologies in this context are mainly related to the transportation technologies in their wider sense, i.e. automotive and marine technologies, including ships, amphibious vehicles, docks, offshore structures, and robots. This book highlights the importance the finite element and finite volume methods that are typically used in the context of engineering simulations.
Download or read book Challenge of Transport Telematics written by Jerzy Mikulski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-15 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Transport Systems Telematics, TST 2016, held in Katowice-Ustrón, Poland, in March 2016. The 37 full and 5 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 110 submissions. They present and organize the knowledge from within the field of intelligent transportation systems, the specific solutions applied in it and their influence on improving efficiency of transport systems.
Download or read book Liquefied Petroleum Gases Handbook written by Wilbur L. Walls and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book LP Gas Engine Fuels written by Committee D-2 Staff and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1973 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alternative Fuels for Transportation written by A S Ramadhas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring how to counteract the world's energy insecurity and environmental pollution, this volume covers the production methods, properties, storage, engine tests, system modification, transportation and distribution, economics, safety aspects, applications, and material compatibility of alternative fuels. The esteemed editor highlights the importance of moving toward alternative fuels and the problems and environmental impact of depending on petroleum products. Each self-contained chapter focuses on a particular fuel source, including vegetable oils, biodiesel, methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, hydrogen, electric, fuel cells, and fuel from nonfood crops.
Download or read book Automotive Fuels Reference Book written by Paul Richards and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first two editions of this title, published by SAE International in 1990 and 1995, have been best-selling definitive references for those needing technical information about automotive fuels. This long-awaited new edition has been thoroughly revised and updated, yet retains the original fundamental fuels information that readers find so useful. This book is written for those with an interest in or a need to understand automotive fuels. Because automotive fuels can no longer be developed in isolation from the engines that will convert the fuel into the power necessary to drive our automobiles, knowledge of automotive fuels will also be essential to those working with automotive engines. Small quantities of fuel additives increasingly play an important role in bridging the gap that often exists between fuel that can easily be produced and fuel that is needed by the ever-more sophisticated automotive engine. This book pulls together in a single, extensively referenced volume, the three different but related topics of automotive fuels, fuel additives, and engines, and shows how all three areas work together. It includes a brief history of automotive fuels development, followed by chapters on automotive fuels manufacture from crude oil and other fossil sources. One chapter is dedicated to the manufacture of automotive fuels and fuel blending components from renewable sources. The safe handling, transport, and storage of fuels, from all sources, are covered. New combustion systems to achieve reduced emissions and increased efficiency are discussed, and the way in which the fuels’ physical and chemical characteristics affect these combustion processes and the emissions produced are included. There is also discussion on engine fuel system development and how these different systems affect the corresponding fuel requirements. Because the book is for a global market, fuel system technologies that only exist in the legacy fleet in some markets are included. The way in which fuel requirements are developed and specified is discussed. This covers test methods from simple laboratory bench tests, through engine testing, and long-term test procedures.
Download or read book Liquefied Petroleum Gases written by Alan Williams and published by Ellis Horwood. This book was released on 1982 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes information on converting car engines or automobile engines to liquefied petroleum gas.
Download or read book Standard For Liquefied Petroleum Gas engine Fuel written by Canadian Government Specifications Board and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modern Gas Turbine Systems written by Peter Jansohn and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-08-31 with total page 849 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern gas turbine power plants represent one of the most efficient and economic conventional power generation technologies suitable for large-scale and smaller scale applications. Alongside this, gas turbine systems operate with low emissions and are more flexible in their operational characteristics than other large-scale generation units such as steam cycle plants. Gas turbines are unrivalled in their superior power density (power-to-weight) and are thus the prime choice for industrial applications where size and weight matter the most. Developments in the field look to improve on this performance, aiming at higher efficiency generation, lower emission systems and more fuel-flexible operation to utilise lower-grade gases, liquid fuels, and gasified solid fuels/biomass. Modern gas turbine systems provides a comprehensive review of gas turbine science and engineering. The first part of the book provides an overview of gas turbine types, applications and cycles. Part two moves on to explore major components of modern gas turbine systems including compressors, combustors and turbogenerators. Finally, the operation and maintenance of modern gas turbine systems is discussed in part three. The section includes chapters on performance issues and modelling, the maintenance and repair of components and fuel flexibility. Modern gas turbine systems is a technical resource for power plant operators, industrial engineers working with gas turbine power plants and researchers, scientists and students interested in the field. Provides a comprehensive review of gas turbine systems and fundamentals of a cycle Examines the major components of modern systems, including compressors, combustors and turbines Discusses the operation and maintenance of component parts
Download or read book Refining Processes Handbook written by Surinder Parkash Ph. D and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-10-16 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Besides covering topics like catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, and alkylation, this volume has chapters on waste water treatment and the economics of managing or commissioning the design of a petroleum refinery. Found only in this volume is material on operating a jointly owned and operated refinery. (Over the last decade, the ownership of many refineries has shifted to small companies, from the large, integrated companies. Because of this shift, many refineries are now jointly owned and operated.) Filled with handy process flow diagrams, this volume is the only reference that a chemical engineer or process manager in a petroleum refinery needs for answers to everyday process and operations questions. * Covers the technologies and operations of petroleum refineries * Provides material on operating a jointly owned and operated refinery * Gives readers a comprehensive introduction to petroleum refining, as well as a full reference to engineers in the field
Download or read book Liquefied Petroleum Gas Sales by California Producers written by and published by . This book was released on 1937 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Petroleum and Gasoline written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Mines and Mining and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NFPA 58 written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Automotive Industry and the Environment written by P Nieuwenhuis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-07-25 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The automotive industry currently faces huge challenges. The fundamental technological paradigm it relies on, volume production, has become progressively more unprofitable in the face of increasingly segmented niche markets. At the same time it faces increasing regulatory and social pressures to improve both the sustainability of its products and methods of production. Building on a wealth of research, The automotive industry and the environment addresses those challenges and how they can be met in producing a sustainable and profitable industry for the future. The authors first discuss the development of the automotive industry and the problems it currently faces. They then consider the solutions the industry can adopt. The book reviews trends in more environmentally-friendly technologies such as the use of more sustainable fuel sources and new types of modular design with built-in recyclability. However, these technologies can only be fully exploited if methods of manufacture change. The book also describes models of decentralised production, particularly the micro factory retailing (MFR) model, which provide an alternative to volume production and promise to be both more sustainable and more profitable. The automotive industry and the environment provides both a cogent diagnosis of the environmental and other problems facing the industry and a blueprint for a better future. It will be widely welcomed by the industry, policy makers and all those concerned with sustainable transport. Addresses the challenges facing the automotive industry, from the increasing unprofitability of volume production to regulatory and social pressures to improve environmental and product sustainability Examines how the automotive industry can meet the current challenges in producing a sustainable and profitable industry for the future Reviews trends in more environmentally-friendly technologies such as the use of more sustainable fuel sources and new types of modular design with built-in recyclability
